scholarly journals REMUNERATIONS AND LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN AGRICULTURE AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF OTHER ECONOMY SECTORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Góral ◽  
Włodzimierz Rembisz
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Growth Model

The optimal allocation of resources in various sectors results in the sustainable development of the whole economy (the theory of optimum allocation of resources by Kantonowicz and Koopmans). According to Tinbergen’s studies, the excessive labour force in one of them gives rise to all types of social and economic problems. The objective of theoretical considerations and empirical studies of this publication is to analyse the ratio of the remuneration for labour to its productivity in various economy sectors with particular attention paid to the agricultural sector. The authors also refer to the theory by Lewis and Schultz, who had analysed the problems of agriculture in developing countries, as well as to the Solow economic growth model with the Cobb–Douglas production function. In the light of the empirical data presented in the paper, we can conclude that in section A of Statistical Classification of Economic Activities this ratio is seriously disturbed and distorted. The remuneration is overvalued in relation to the labour productivity. Such a ratio is not a positive testimony to the reasonableness of management in the sense of agricultural producers’ equilibria.

scholarly journals LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN LATVIA BY THE KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN 1996 - 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Einārs Ulnicāns
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Research Period

The labour productivity in its turn is the best feature of labour force efficiency in Latvia. Namely, gross domestic product or added value divided by average number of employed persons per year – both indicators in the whole country or in separate kind of economic activity. The research period is from 1996 to 2009. The kinds of economic activity are based on classification of Economic Activities in European Community (NACE). In order to perform objective productivity analysis all kinds of activities are divided in two groups – profit- oriented kinds of activity and state or regional government or society regulating or supporting kinds of activity.

INNOVATIVE MECHANISMS OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF UKRAINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Shchurevych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Agrarian Policy

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of introducing innovative mechanisms of agricultural policy in the activities of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine and the search for theoretical, methodological and practical ways to solve them. It is found out that an effective and innovatively directed agricultural policy is an integral mechanism for the effective functioning of the agro-industrial sector of the state, which, in turn, allows to activate the activities of agricultural enterprises, significantly increase the number and quality of sources of attracting investment and create the basis for continuous sustainable development. Significant problems and shortcomings of Ukraine's Agricultural Policy at the present stage are systematized. Scientific research is summarized and author's definitions of the categories "innovation" and "innovative development of an agricultural enterprise"are made. The problems of formation and implementation of innovative mechanisms of agricultural policy are analyzed, as well as ways to overcome them are proposed. It is proved that innovative processes in agricultural policy should be based on the principles of interaction between science and production, have their own specific features for creating prerequisites for the sustainable development of domestic agricultural producers. The mechanism of state policy in the field of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex has been formed. The principles on which the conceptual provisions of the state Agrarian Policy are based are defined. It is concluded that the state mechanisms of Agrarian Policy in the field of ensuring innovative development of the agro-industrial complex should function in three interrelated areas: orientation to the continuous implementation of measures at the state and regional levels to improve the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the scientific and technological potential of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine; encouraging small, medium and arge businesses of the agro-industrial complex to carry out innovative activities; stimulating demand in the agricultural sector for innovative products, technologies and knowledge

scholarly journals Trends and Improvement of the Institutional Mechanism of Land Rent in Sustainable Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 04046
Author(s):  
Olesya Ivanenko ◽  
Aleksandr Kovalev ◽  
Vasiliy Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Russian Agriculture ◽  
Institutional Mechanism

At present, one of the priority tasks of implementing state economic policy is to promote the sustainable development, including the means of agriculture. In the article, the authors revealed the essence of land rent as an institution and identified the need to study the institutional mechanism of land rent in the agricultural sector as a way of regulating the economic activities of landowners, land users and the state in transition to sustainable development. Based on the identified development trends, an algorithm has been developed to improve the institutional mechanism that ensures the effective functioning of the institution of land rent. The conceptual approach proposed in the study can be used as a theoretical and methodological basis for sustainable development and improvement of rental policies in Russian agriculture.

scholarly journals MODERN APPROACHES TO RISK MANAGEMENT OF EXPORT OPERATIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Futures Contracts ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Credit Risks

Agriculture is an industry of strategic importance for Ukraine, the development of which is aimed not only at obtaining commercial profits, but also at ensuring food and national security. Agricultural production and its export activities are subject to the influence of uncertainty factors that lead to the emergence of risks in economic activities. These factors determine are: natural conditions, unstable market conditions, political and economic instability. The purpose of the study is to identify the most significant risks in the export operations of agricultural producers and to study modern approaches to their management. The current practice of managing the export business of industrial and commercial enterprises in the scientific literature is widely spread, at the same time in the context of the Silk spirits of food there is a lack of food. In the statistic, the basic principles of the export-oriented enterprises of the national economy of the Silskoy state gift are grounded: logistic, currency and financial, environmental and credit risks.The role of risks in the formation of export strategies of agricultural producers are shown. Stages of management of export operations in the agricultural sector of the national economys by methodology The World Bank are substantiated ARM. Formation of a risk management strategy for export operations in the agricultural sector of the national economy carried out by minimization of financial risks (futures contracts, swaps and options); reducing the risks of entering into contractual relations with insolvent partners. For reduce risks exporters are used insurance services. An enterprise can create reserves for unforeseen costs, predict sectoral (for suppliers) price dynamics, involve suppliers in the company's activities by concluding participation agreements. It is substantiated that the highest risks for Ukraine's export-oriented agribusiness are logistics, monetary, financial, environmental and credit risks. It is shown that implementation of ARM is a modern comprehensive risk management tool for export-oriented agricultural enterprises. Prospects for further research is development of methods for assessing the export risks of agricultural producers.

scholarly journals Organizational and economic principles of functioning of the infrastructure of investment activity in the agricultural sector of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Natalia Koziar
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Investment Process

Purpose. The aim of the article is the development of practical recommendations for the development of infrastructure for investment activities in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Methodology of research. The methodological and theoretical basis of the study is a dialectical method of cognition and a systematic approach to the study of the fundamental provisions of economics in relation to the implementation of investment activities in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. A set of special methods of economic research is used in the research process. The conclusions of the research are formulated with the help of abstract and logical method. The method of theoretical generalization is used in the critical analysis of research results of domestic scientists on the substantiation of the development of infrastructure in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Findings. It has been proved that an important tool for intensifying the investment activity of agricultural producers at the level of the country and individual regions is the creation of investment infrastructure, as well as a favourable macro-environment. The main elements of the investment infrastructure should be organizations that provide information, technical and technological, research, personnel, consulting, financial support, as well as logistics services. Tools for regulating investment processes should be aimed at regulating inter-budgetary relations, coordinating the interests of participants in investment activities, placement of projects, providing investors with preferences, organizing their implementation. Originality. The expediency of creating a system of institutional structures focused on increasing the investment attractiveness and service of agricultural producers directly is substantiated in order to intensify investment processes in agricultural enterprises. It is proved that at the regional level it is advisable to create an agricultural investment park on the basis of agricultural higher education institutions and research institutes of agro-industrial production of NAAS of Ukraine, the main purpose of which will be a set of measures to meet the needs of agricultural enterprises in investment services. Practical value. The proposed measures for the formation of institutions for infrastructure support of the investment process in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, in particular the creation of agro-investment parks, can be implemented at the regional level (Vynnytsia region). According to the results of the activities of similar institutions in the Kyiv region, there is activity among small and medium-sized farms in the corporate sector to obtain services for investing funds in expanding their production and economic activities. Key words: agricultural sector, investment activity, infrastructure, agro-investment park, investment.

scholarly journals Modern trends in technical support of agricultural producers

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00016
Author(s):  
Nail Asadullin ◽  
Farit Mukhametgaliev ◽  
Fayaz Avkhadiev ◽  
Marcel Khismatullin ◽  
Ilgizar Gainutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Innovative Economy

In modern conditions of the development of an innovative economy, the scientific literature does not reveal the main problems of strengthening the material and technical base of agricultural producers. The agricultural machinery market is practically absent, the issue of formation and functioning remains unresolved. The article is devoted to the assessment of the current state of the provision of agricultural commodity producers with equipment, the development of the tractor and agricultural machine-building industry in Russia, the disclosure of problems, and the search for solutions to the problem of complex mechanization of agriculture in modern conditions. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the substantiation of the need to solve the problems of strengthening the material and technical base of the subjects of agricultural business and the proposed practical recommendations for the development of the innovative basis of agriculture. The article reveals the main trends in the change in the output of elements of the material and technical base of agriculture, reveals the problems that restrain the process of technical renewal of agricultural production, suggests ways to increase the provision of technical means for the innovative development of the agrarian sector of the economy. The theoretical and practical results of the study can be recommended for use in the formation of programs for the development of technical equipment in the agricultural sector, planning of agricultural production, economic analysis of the economic activities of agricultural enterprises and organizations.

scholarly journals Slow Growth and Sluggish Manufacturing in Indonesia’s Less Competitive Provinces: A Geweke Causality Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Tan Khee Giap ◽  
Mulya Amri
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Low Levels

This article presents a causality analysis of lagging economic growth in two Indonesian provinces: East Nusa Tenggara and North Maluku. We identify three variables which stand out for some of Indonesia’s economically challenged provinces: consistently low gross domestic product (GDP) growth, low levels of manufacturing, and under-utilisation of labour. Using Geweke causality analysis, we identify and measure the direction of causal effects between these variables. Our empirical findings confirm that output growth is affected by the level of value addition in economic activities and the productivity of human resources. We find that both the secondary sector’s contribution to gross regional development product (GRDP) and labour productivity contribute to the changes in overall provincial GRDP, but not the other way around. Such findings suggest that development in Indonesia’s economically challenged provinces would benefit greatly from expansion of appropriate manufacturing and value added activities, and more productive utilization of labour force in full employment situations.

scholarly journals Bank lending to the agricultural sector of the economy as one of the factors of economic sustainability

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Serhii KOLOTUKHA ◽  
Nataliia HVOZDIEI ◽  
Oksana VINNYTSKA
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Credit Mechanism ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Economic Nature ◽  
Further Development

Introduction. Domestic practice and foreign experience indicate that the finances of agricultural enterprises differ in certain specificities and require constant attraction of borrowed capital. The use of borrowed capital makes it possible to significantly expand the volume of economic activities of an enterprise, to ensure a more efficient use of its own funds, and to accelerate the renewal of fixed assets. In this regard, the attraction and use of borrowed financial resources is the most important aspect of the financial activities of the enterprise, aimed at achieving high final results of management. The purpose of the paper is to study the features and state of bank lending to the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy and the prospects for its further development. Results. The situation on the market of bank lending to agricultural enterprises is analyzed. The main factors of demand for credit resources on the part of agricultural enterprises are revealed. The volume of the credit services market formed by banks and non-bank financial institutions has been analyzed. It was found that bank lending tends to decline, which determines the development of non-bank forms of lending. The ratio of the levels of profitability and average annual interest rates on loans received by agricultural enterprises is considered and it is proved that efficiency indicators are not related to the level of interest rates on loans and this does not stimulate agricultural producers to increase their profitability. Conclusion. In the system of state support for the economy of agricultural producers, it is necessary to form a credit mechanism adequate to the current conditions, in which it is advisable to coordinate all levels of support with various instruments of a legal and economic nature.

Updating the methodology for providing incentive subsidies to depressed agricultural regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2210-2224
Author(s):  
V.M. Sharapova ◽  
T.N. Medvedeva ◽  
E.A. Farvazova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Depressed Regions ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Subject. The article considers a procedure for calculating and distributing State support to depressed agricultural regions in the framework of a new type of budget financing, i.e. compensating and stimulating subsidies. Objectives. The purpose is to evaluate the efficiency of the system of State regulation of agribusiness in a depressed region, determine the priority of modern methods of budgetary support from the State, improve the methodological approach to the distribution of State aid among subjects of the Russian Federation with low level of socio-economic development. Methods. The study draws on the abstract and logical method, methods of statistical analysis, grouping, comparison, and generalization. Results. We realized the objectives of the study, using the agricultural producers of the Kurgan Oblast case. The paper analyzes the condition of agricultural sector in the depressed region, assesses the State support system efficiency for the agricultural sector of the Trans-Ural region, considers government measures related to the regulation of the economy of backward regions. It presents an updated method of budget financing within an incentive subsidy by clarifying the calculations and introducing an additional indicator that reflects the level of remuneration of regional agricultural producers. Conclusions. The updated calculation methodology for incentive subsidies to depressed regions enables to build a certain economic rating of ten depressed regions of the Russian Federation, taking into account not only the volume of production and employment, but also the level of wages of agricultural workers.

Incentives of the State to promote the retrofitting of the agricultural sector: Regional considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1113
Author(s):  
M.Sh. Gutuev ◽  
B.Sh. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Abstract Logic ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
Equipment Acquisition ◽  
Acquisition Costs ◽  
The Republic

Subject. The article discusses the availability of technological equipment in the agriculture of the Republic of Dagestan. Objectives. We analyze the current situation and trends in the development of available technological equipment in the republican agriculture, identify the role and place of machine and tractor fleet in the retrofitting of the regional agriculture. Methods. The study is based on monographic, abstract logic, statistical, analytical methods. Results. Dagestan has got a critically few technological equipment, which affects the development of the regional agricultural sector. The availability of technological equipment is found to have dramatically reduced in animal husbandry for the recent 30 years. The availability of technological equipment and land cultivation strongly correlates, thus simplifying applicable agricultural technologies. Most agricultural producers of Dagestan were found to be unable to participate in the program for federal agricultural lease. Conclusions and Relevance. The deterioration of available technological equipment in agriculture is a key cause undermining the competitiveness of products and efficiency of the regional agriculture. We prove the importance of governmental actions incentivizing the influx of new technological equipment, including a set of measures reinforcing the availability of technological equipment. As long as most agricultural producers are microbusinesses that lack resources to participate in many machine renovation programs, funding should be increased substantially to subsidize a portion of equipment acquisition costs incurred by agricultural producers, and a portion of reimbursed costs as much as at least 50 percent of the value of agricultural machines acquired.

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