scholarly journals Cultivation of Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and Oats (Avena sativa) Fodder Crops by Using Biofertilizers and Biopesticide: An Experience from Farmers’ Field in Nadia District of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Asif Mohammad ◽  
◽  
Anupam Chatterjee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Fodder Crop ◽  
Fodder Quality ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops

Indiscriminate and unscientific application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, adversely affect the agricultural production system by damaging soil health, contaminating natural water bodies and ground water. As a result of prolonged use of excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the yield of field crops are decreasing due to poor soil health and produced crops also adversely impact human health. For animal husbandry enterprise, fodder production is one of the major activities. Injudicious use of chemicals can reduce fodder production as well as productivity of livestock can also be reduced. Under these circumstances, demonstration of fodder berseem and oats cultivation by using biofertilizers and biopesticides were carried out in farmer’s field at three blocks of Nadia district of West Bengal, India. The study was conducted in the winter season of the year 2020-21; the selected farmers were trained and method demonstrations of fodder crop production were carried out. The demonstration results suggested that average yield of berseem fodder crop was 53.33±2.80 t ha-1 whereas oats fodder crop was 43.07±2.16 t ha-1. The BC ratio of fodder crop cultivation suggested that, by the cultivation of both fodder crops farmers got substantial economic return. Fodder produced by the using biofertilizers and biopesticide contain good amount of dry matter as well as crude protein. From the study it can be concluded that both the fodder crops can be grown in the farmers’ field of the study area by using the biofertilizers and biopesticide without deteriorating the fodder yield and fodder quality.

scholarly journals Agrarische Waldnutzungen in der Schweiz 1800–1950. Waldfeldbau, Waldfrüchte und Harz | Agricultural use of forests in Switzerland 1800-1950. Field crops and forestry in alternation, forest fruits and resin

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (9) ◽  
pp. 360-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Bürgi ◽  
Martin Stuber
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Wood Pasture ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
The 19Th Century

Agricultural uses of forests in Switzerland, such as wood pasture,fodder production and litter harvesting were important for animal husbandry. Other uses resulted more directly in products for human consumption. Crops, such as potatoes and cereals, were produced in several systems with temporary fields in the forest. In the 19th century, a special agroforestry system was developed based on traditional forms of slash-andburn-cultivation, in which clear-cutting and artificial regeneration were combined with intermediate crop production. This system became widespread in Switzerland. Collecting berries did not only open up additional food resources, but also generated income for many farmers. Resin was another natural product which was in high demand owing to its unique characteristics. It was used for a wide variety of purposes and was often collected by farmers for their own use and to generate extra income. In this paper we discuss the development of these uses for the period 1800 until 1950 and the consequences for forests as ecosystems. Agricultural uses of the forest have long been neglected. Given their importance for cultural history,ecosystem development and the potential for carbon sequestration of forests, these agricultural uses deserve to be the subject of further study.

scholarly journals Impact of Vermicomposting in Agricultural Waste Management vis-à-vis Soil Health Care

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Karmakar ◽  
M Adhikary ◽  
A Gangopadhyay ◽  
K Brahmachari
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Agricultural Waste Management ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Accumulation and putrefaction of various wastes may cause several adverse effects on environment and living organisms including human health. Preparation of vermicompost (organic manure) from various organic wastes will save our environment as a whole; simultaneously organic wastes can also be managed properly. With this background for saving our environment from use of chemical fertilizers through proper management of agricultural wastes, an experiment was carried out in the farmer’s field at village Bhabanipur, Block Haringhata, District Nadia, West Bengal, India) during the year 2013 – 2014 with two crops (Rice-kharif/ rainy season and Lentil-rabi/winter season). It has been found that the application of vermicompost showed better result in comparison to chemical fertilizers in terms of soil physical and chemical properties as well as productivity of soil.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 99-104 2015

scholarly journals Experience on the cultivation of forage crops for silage in the North

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Pavlova ◽  
E.S. Pestereva
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Mixed Crops

The development of animal husbandry in the zone of risky agriculture in Yakutia is impossible without creating a solid fodder base, so the primary task of fodder production is the production of high-protein fodder, balanced by protein and mineral content. One of the leading places in solving this problem belongs to annual crops and their mixtures. It is important to increase the production and improve the quality of all types of fodder, primarily by expanding mixed crops, improving the technology of their cultivation and harvesting. Scientific research on cultivation of annual fodder crops for haylage production was conducted at the experimental plot of the laboratory of fodder production of YANIISKH in 2016-2018 on the second above floodplain terrace of the Lena River. Data on biometric measurements, green mass yield, chemical composition and nutritive value of annual fodder crops were obtained. During the years of research the two-component pea-oat mixture was the most productive and nutritious among mixed crops at all 3 sowing dates (1st date - May 24, 2nd date - June 12, 3rd date - July 2), yield averaged 199.3-264.0 t/ha, fodder units 33.9-73.1 t/ha, digestible protein 4.68-5.78 t/ha and vetch-oat mixture yield green mass 183.5-241.5 t/ha, fodder units 33.3-41.8 t/ha, digestible protein 4.68-5.78 t/ha. As a result of the research, the second and third sowing dates (II decade of June - I decade of July) turned out to be the best sowing dates for oats, vetch-oat, pea-oat and pea-oat- barley mixtures for haylage. For the production of haylage in the conditions of Central Yakutia, the best variants were the two-component vetch-oat and pea-oat mixtures both in terms of green mass productivity and nutritive value of forage. According to the nutritional qualities, the optimal phase for harvesting green mass of forage crops for haylage is the onset of the phase: cereals - milk-wax ripeness, legumes - in the phase of flowering-fruit formation.

Sowing methods and varying seed rates of cowpea on production potentialof sorghum, sudan grass hybrid and cowpea: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Guleria ◽  
Naveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Forage Yields

Forage requirement of livestock is generally met through low quantity and quality of crop residues often not enough for maintenance of animal health and productivity in India. Cereal-legume intercropping has been recognized as a beneficial crop production system for higher fodder production per unit area per unit time, especially, under rainfed conditions. Sorghum sudan grass hybrid and cowpea are some of the potential fodder crops which can provide good nutrition to livestock with higher forage yields and improve the fertility status of soil when grown in association. This paper reviews all the literature on various aspects of intercropping of cereals and legumes, mainly sorghum and cowpea, for better understanding and future strategies for improved production as well as quality of fodder.

scholarly journals THE RESPONSE OF BIO-FERTILIZERS TO THE PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF CEREAL CROPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak P. Gite ◽  
Prakash A. Gite ◽  
Mayur S. Darvhankar ◽  
Mayur S. Darvhankar ◽  
Mayur S. Darvhankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

The land is a limited resource. Due to the increase in population; it is necessary to increase crop yield from the viewpoint of food security. The sole use of inorganic fertilizers may create an imbalance in soil health by the reduction in crop yield. For sustainable crop production, it is necessary to balance the soil health using organics and bio-fertilizers along with the optimum use of chemical fertilizers. Bio-fertilizers are important in the nutrient management of crops because of their role in nutrient supply leading to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. The use of Bio-fertilizers is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology in crop production which is gaining importance in crop production the commonly used biofertilizers are azotobactor, azosprillium, PSB, VAM fungi.

scholarly journals Exogenous application of gibberellic acid and selenium to endorse quality and yield of fodder maize under rainfed conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-305
Author(s):  
Asma Hassan ◽  
Lubna Ayub Durrani
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops

Good quality and economical availability of fodder could be a substitute for crop production in the farming system of dryland areas. In Pakistan, the increasing demands of fodder crops for animal feed require immediate attention to find viable options for fodder production. Additionally, climate change, land detritions, and imbalanced use of chemicals led to an agro-ecological imbalance which needs to focus on mitigation strategies and practices. Therefore, the experiment was conducted three different rainfed areas of Punjab with aims to increase fodder maize quality by application of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Selenium (Se) to overcome the forage scarcity issue in rainfed areas. The highest fresh biomass and leaf area were recorded by the application of GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50 at 60 DAS. Similarly, the data about the silage quality traits indicated that more total dry matter (TDM), TDN, Crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), Crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ash contents (AC) were recorded in Afgoi compared to Sohni Dhart 623. Among the experimental locations, the highest TDM, TDN, NDF, ADF and AC were found for the crop planted at NARC followed by URF, Koont and the least values of these traits were recorded for GRS, Attock. Among the different combinations of growth regulators, the highest TDM, TDN, CF, CP and NDF were recorded for GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50. The above findings conclude that exogenously application of GA75+Se0.75 plays a promising role in the improvement of fodder growth and quality parameters of silage in Afgoi verity at different water stress agro-ecological zones.

A Simple Model for a Quantitative Comparison of the Regrowth of Perennial Fodder Crops

1988 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Kamidi ◽  
J. B. W. Wanjala
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Regression Technique ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Fodder Crop ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Simple Regression

SUMMARYThe rate of regrowth in realtion to total dry matter yield is important for smallholders fodder crop production. A simple regression technique is used to compare the rates of regrowth of eight perennial fodder crops cut at the same time. A brief interpretation and discussion of results from data illustrative of the model' use in given.

scholarly journals ETUDES OF THE USA FODDER AND DIETS QUALITY EVALUATION SYSTEM IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Vladimir Popov
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Fodder Quality ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Dry Matter Concentration ◽  
Assessment Sheet ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Comparison Of Standards ◽  
Quality Evaluation System

This article is a narrative about application of the USA fodder quality testing system in Russia. Merits and demerits of the American system of an assessment of hay quality are considered. The Leningrad interregional veterinary laboratory (IVL) adapted principles of this system and has extended to all kinds of bulky feeds. It is recommended to check IVL model experimentally, to discuss and to consider on ТК 130 "Fodder production" as the project of GOST Р "Forages. A method of energy value definition". In the second case, on an example of the assessment sheet sent by the American testing laboratory, the ration of feeding a dairy cow at JSC "Dmitrovskie dairy farms", created according to the American model, is considered: assortment, quantity and quality of forages; the actual and demanded content of nutrients in a ration; relative parameters and ratios of nutrients; ration cost indexes. For comparison of standards of National research council (NRC) of the USA on consumption of dry matter, concentration of rumen degradable and nondegradable protein are compared with norms All-Russian Research Animal Husbandry Institute. Discrepancy of calculated parameters testifies to necessity of their experimental corroboration.

Micro and Macro-level Analysis of Crop Diversification: Evidence from an Agrarian State West Bengal

2020 ◽  
pp. 489-499
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Structure Questionnaire ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
The Status ◽  
Block Level ◽  
Diversified Farming Systems

The farming system in West Bengal is being shifted by integration between the set of cash crops and the main food harvest process. This change in diversified farming systems, where smallholders have a production base in rice can complement production; affect technical efficiency and farm performance. The goal of this study was to investigate the status of crop diversification on smallholders in West Bengal. First, crop diversification regions were developed in West Bengal based on the Herfindahl index, which were categorized into three regions. Three sample districts were studied separately at the block level, and 915 small farmers from 41 sample villages of 9 sample blocks were interviewed through a good structure questionnaire for field studies from the sample districts. West Bengal was gradually moving towards multiple crop production. Furthermore, increasing rice production reduced the marginal use of inputs for the production of other crops. Farming and other vital factors such as HYVs area to GCA, average holding size and per capita income in some districts of West Bengal can be identified as determinants of crop diversification.

Deferring Crisis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Stewart Mauldin
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Shifting Cultivation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Antebellum South ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Land Use Practices ◽  
Ecological Regime

This chapter explores the ecological regime of slavery and the land-use practices employed by farmers across the antebellum South. Despite the diverse ecologies and crop regimes of the region, most southern farmers employed a set of extensive agricultural techniques that kept the cost of farming down and helped circumvent natural limits on crop production and stock-raising. The use of shifting cultivation, free-range animal husbandry, and slaves to perform erosion control masked the environmental impacts of farmers’ actions, at least temporarily. Debates over westward expansion during the sectional crisis of the 1850s were not just about the extension of slavery, they also reflected practical concerns regarding access to new lands and fresh soil. Both were necessary for the continued profitability of farming in the South.

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