Sowing methods and varying seed rates of cowpea on production potentialof sorghum, sudan grass hybrid and cowpea: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Guleria ◽  
Naveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Forage Yields

Forage requirement of livestock is generally met through low quantity and quality of crop residues often not enough for maintenance of animal health and productivity in India. Cereal-legume intercropping has been recognized as a beneficial crop production system for higher fodder production per unit area per unit time, especially, under rainfed conditions. Sorghum sudan grass hybrid and cowpea are some of the potential fodder crops which can provide good nutrition to livestock with higher forage yields and improve the fertility status of soil when grown in association. This paper reviews all the literature on various aspects of intercropping of cereals and legumes, mainly sorghum and cowpea, for better understanding and future strategies for improved production as well as quality of fodder.

Fodder legumes affecting sequential crop production and fertilizer N use efficiency

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. De ◽  
M. A. Salim Khan ◽  
M. S. Katti ◽  
V. Raja
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Subsequent Crop

SUMMARYExperiments made with winter fodder crops, lucerne (Medicago sativa), berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and oats (Avena sativa) and summer fodder crops, cow pea (Vigna unguiculata), guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), sunhemp (Crotolaria juncea) and pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum) showed that a sequential crop of Sudan grass yielded more after the legumes than after the cereal fodders, oats or pearl millet. The legume advantage was noted in the crop not given fertilizers but also when Sudan grass was given N fertilizer. The yield increase in Sudan grass grown after legumes was equivalent to 32–60 kg fertilizer N/ha applied to Sudan grass following pearl millet.After harvesting the legumes more available N and NO3-N was present in the soil and the apparent recovery of fertilizer N by a subsequent crop was increased by the legume.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and Oats (Avena sativa) Fodder Crops by Using Biofertilizers and Biopesticide: An Experience from Farmers’ Field in Nadia District of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
Asif Mohammad ◽  
◽  
Anupam Chatterjee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Fodder Crop ◽  
Fodder Quality ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops

Indiscriminate and unscientific application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, adversely affect the agricultural production system by damaging soil health, contaminating natural water bodies and ground water. As a result of prolonged use of excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the yield of field crops are decreasing due to poor soil health and produced crops also adversely impact human health. For animal husbandry enterprise, fodder production is one of the major activities. Injudicious use of chemicals can reduce fodder production as well as productivity of livestock can also be reduced. Under these circumstances, demonstration of fodder berseem and oats cultivation by using biofertilizers and biopesticides were carried out in farmer’s field at three blocks of Nadia district of West Bengal, India. The study was conducted in the winter season of the year 2020-21; the selected farmers were trained and method demonstrations of fodder crop production were carried out. The demonstration results suggested that average yield of berseem fodder crop was 53.33±2.80 t ha-1 whereas oats fodder crop was 43.07±2.16 t ha-1. The BC ratio of fodder crop cultivation suggested that, by the cultivation of both fodder crops farmers got substantial economic return. Fodder produced by the using biofertilizers and biopesticide contain good amount of dry matter as well as crude protein. From the study it can be concluded that both the fodder crops can be grown in the farmers’ field of the study area by using the biofertilizers and biopesticide without deteriorating the fodder yield and fodder quality.

scholarly journals Environmental Factors Affecting the Mineralization of Crop Residues

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1951
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Grzyb ◽  
Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka ◽  
Alicja Niewiadomska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Plant Matter ◽  
High Yields

The aim of this article is to present the issues related to the significance of microorganisms in the mineralization of crop residues and the influence of environmental factors on the rate of this process. Crop residues play a very important role in agriculture because they can be used both as an environment-friendly waste management strategy and as a means of improving soil organic matter. The inclusion of crop residues in the soil requires appropriate management strategies that support crop production and protect the quality of surface water and groundwater. Crops need nutrients for high yields; however, they can only absorb ionic forms of elements. At this point, the microorganisms that convert organically bound nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur into soluble NH4+, NO3−, H2PO4−, HPO42−, and SO42− ions are helpful. Mineralization is the transformation of organic compounds into inorganic ones, which is a biological process that depends on temperature, rainfall, soil properties, the chemical composition of crop residues, the structure and composition of microbial communities, and the C:N ratio in soil after the application of plant matter. An adjustment of the values of these factors enables us to determine the rate and direction of the mineralization of crop residues in soil.

scholarly journals PASTURE MODE FOR USE OF SUDAN GRASS

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
B. N. Nasiyev ◽  
H. G. Yancheva ◽  
N. Zh. Zhanatalapov
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Main Task ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
West Kazakhstan ◽  
Growing Conditions

The main task of fodder production in West Kazakhstan region is to provide the livestock industry with fodders stable in yield, balanced in nutritional value and low in cost. An important point is that the supply of green feed, especially during the summer depression, should not be interrupted. All these requirements are met by Sudan grass. Having high plasticity to growing conditions and unique drought resistance for fodder crops, it becomes an indispensable component of green conveyor. Sudan grass is used as grazing feed, to produce green mass and hay. A significant share of Sudan grass in feed crops is provided by its high nutritional value for farm animals. The research aim is to study the technology of Sudan grass cultivation to provide livestock with full feed. As a result of the carried out studies, the data on productivity and feed value of Sudan grass in conditions of West Kazakhstan region during cultivation in grazing mode were obtained. For the studies in 2018 and 2019 in total for 4 browsing, Sudan grass provided collection of 87.06-107.44 c/ha green mass for use as feed to cattle.

BIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF CROP PRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL REGIONS OF RUSSIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-93
Author(s):  
Бахчевников ◽  
Oleg Bakhchevnikov ◽  
Брагинец ◽  
Sergey Braginets ◽  
Пахомов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
Winter Wheat Crop ◽  
Low Humidity ◽  
Agricultural Regions ◽  
Grain Contamination

The article analyzes grain production in Russia from the standpoint of biological safety of grain. The reasons of grain contamination increasing by mycotoxins and its harmful impact on the soil environment, on human and animal health were considered. Disadvantages of traditional technologies of grain crops cultivation in climates with low humidity were revealed. We represented the data on the change in the infestation of winter wheat, crop residues and stubble in the transition to a “zero” tillage.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS OF THE USE OF POACEOUS CROPS IN SINGLECROP AND MIXED SOWINGS IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
O. T. Andreeva ◽  
N. G. Pilipenko ◽  
I. P. Sidorova ◽  
N. Yu. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Spring Rape

During the research, non-traditional fodder crops that have high fodder productivity and adaptability to natural and climatic conditions of Trans-Baikal Territory were studied. The results of field and laboratory studies for 2014–2016 are presented on the cultivation of annual poaceous fodder crops – feed millet, Sudan grass and barley in single-crop sowings, as well as mixed with high-protein spring rape, in the forest-steppe zone of Trans-Baikal Territory. The research was conducted on meadow-chernozem mealycarbonate soil. Fodder crops were assessed by their adaptability to growing conditions and by a set of economically valuable characteristics. The possibility of increasing productivity and quality of fodder of poaceous agrocenoses by means of cabbage crops was established. Joint sowings of annual fodder crops: feed millet + spring rape, Sudan grass + spring rape provided the maximum collection of green mass – 24.4-25.9 t/ha, dry matter – 3.55-3.78 t/ha, feed units – 3.17-3.30 t/ha, digestible protein – 506-545 kg/ha, gross energy – 37.3-39.3 GJ., with a high supply of digestible protein to a feed unit – 160-165 g/k per unit. Mixed sowings of Sudan grass and feed millet with spring rape increased collection of feed units by 22.3%, digestible protein – by 86.8%, gross energy – by 18.5% compared to single-crop sowings. Barley, when cultivated under the same conditions, was inferior in productivity to feed millet and Sudan grass in single-crop sowings by 1.2-1.7 times, in mixed sowings – by 1.0-1.5 times. 

scholarly journals Exogenous application of gibberellic acid and selenium to endorse quality and yield of fodder maize under rainfed conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-305
Author(s):  
Asma Hassan ◽  
Lubna Ayub Durrani
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops

Good quality and economical availability of fodder could be a substitute for crop production in the farming system of dryland areas. In Pakistan, the increasing demands of fodder crops for animal feed require immediate attention to find viable options for fodder production. Additionally, climate change, land detritions, and imbalanced use of chemicals led to an agro-ecological imbalance which needs to focus on mitigation strategies and practices. Therefore, the experiment was conducted three different rainfed areas of Punjab with aims to increase fodder maize quality by application of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Selenium (Se) to overcome the forage scarcity issue in rainfed areas. The highest fresh biomass and leaf area were recorded by the application of GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50 at 60 DAS. Similarly, the data about the silage quality traits indicated that more total dry matter (TDM), TDN, Crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), Crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ash contents (AC) were recorded in Afgoi compared to Sohni Dhart 623. Among the experimental locations, the highest TDM, TDN, NDF, ADF and AC were found for the crop planted at NARC followed by URF, Koont and the least values of these traits were recorded for GRS, Attock. Among the different combinations of growth regulators, the highest TDM, TDN, CF, CP and NDF were recorded for GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50. The above findings conclude that exogenously application of GA75+Se0.75 plays a promising role in the improvement of fodder growth and quality parameters of silage in Afgoi verity at different water stress agro-ecological zones.

Оrganic Meat Production of Broiler Chickens Hubbard Redbro Cross

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the results of studying the impact of housing and feeding conditions on broiler chickens of Hubbard RedBro cross, as well as the quality of products obtained when using floor and cage content, in a farm. It established that when receiving a mixed feed of own production using feed raw materials grown on a farm without the use of pesticides, a statistically significant decrease in potentially dangerous substances for animal health is recorded. Compared with factory feed, it has reduced the content of pesticides by 14 times, and mercury and arsenic by 24 times, cadmium by five times, and lead by ten times. The results of the study of economic indicators of growing Hubbard RedBro cross broiler chickens, as well as the chemical composition and quality of carcasses, indicated that there was no significant difference between the floor and cell conditions of keeping. Still, the use of a diet based on eco-feeds contributed to a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of toxic metals in the muscles of the poultry of the experimental groups. As a result, it found that the use of the studied compound feed in the diets of broiler chickens increased the indicators of Biosafety and ensured the production of environmentally safe ("organic") poultry meat products.

scholarly journals Dataset of biomass and chemical quality of crop residues from European areas

Data in Brief ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107227
Author(s):  
Pascal Thiébeau ◽  
Lars Stoumann Jensen ◽  
Fabien Ferchaud ◽  
Sylvie Recous
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Chemical Quality

scholarly journals Analysis of Quality of Backyard Compost and Its Potential Utilization as a Circular Bio-Waste Source

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4392
Author(s):  
Apolka Ujj ◽  
Kinga Percsi ◽  
Andras Beres ◽  
Laszlo Aleksza ◽  
Fernanda Ramos Diaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Seed Dispersion ◽  
Materials Used

The use and quality analysis of household compost have become very important issues in recent years due to the increasing interest in local food production and safe, self-produced food. The phenomenon was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine period, which gave new impetus to the growth of small home gardens. However, the knowledge associated with making high-quality compost is often lacking in home gardeners. Therefore, the objective of this research was to find answers to the following questions: can the quality of backyard compost be considered safe in terms of toxicity and nutrient content? Can weed seed dispersion affect the usability of backyard compost? In general, can the circulation of organic matter be increased with the spread of home composting? In this study, 16 different house composts were analysed for stability, weed seed contamination, toxic elements, and nutrient content using analysis of variance. The results of the research showed that the quality properties of the composts (including their weed seed dispersion effect) were greatly influenced by the different techniques and raw materials used. The toxicity levels, as well as the content of macro and microelements, were within the parameters of safe-quality compost. The specific macronutrient (Ca, Mg) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn) contents of the tested composts have a similar and, in some cases, more favorable nutrient supply capacity in crop production than the frequently-used cow manure-based composts. With a plan of basic education on composting, there is potential to encourage farmyard composting.

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