scholarly journals THE IMAGE OF RUSSIA IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE YOUTH: A VISUAL DIMENSION

Author(s):  
Антонина Владимировна Селезнева ◽  
Наталья Валентиновна Смулькина ◽  
Александра Федоровна Яковлева

В статье исследуются психологические и социально-политические особенности молодого поколения россиян, определяющие основные черты, пути и способы формирования гражданского самосознания молодежи. Категория «гражданское самосознание» понимается как комплекс ценностных, когнитивных, рефлексивных, мотивационных и эмоциональных особенностей личности, определяющих ее устойчивую и осознанную самоидентификацию в качестве гражданина и выражающихся в ее взаимоотношении с государством и обществом. Структурно-содержательные характеристики образа России в сознании молодежи даны с позиций теории политического восприятия и разработок политических психологов в области изучения политического сознания молодежи, различных положений теории идентичности в аспекте понимания гражданской идентичности как основы политического самоопределения индивида. Присущий современной молодежи образ России (комплекс представлений о ней как стране и государстве) исследуется в его визуальном измерении – через рисунки молодых людей, репрезентирующие их представления о России в виде изображений. В исследовании использована проективная рисуночная методика «Россия в виде дома», которая, как и любая другая подобная диагностическая техника, направлена на выявление глубинных и слабо осознаваемых особенностей восприятия окружающей действительности и себя в этом мире. Основное внимание уделено смысловому содержанию представленных в рисунках сюжетов, их символическому наполнению, эмоциональному знаку изображений. Обобщение данных осуществлялось по параметрам когнитивной сложности и конгруэнтности образов. Целевую группу исследования составили молодые российские граждане в возрасте от 15 до 30 лет в рамках трех возрастных групп: 15–17 лет, 18–23 лет, 24–30 лет. В ходе исследования было собрано и проанализировано 540 рисунков (по 180 рисунков респондентов каждой возрастной группы) в Москве и Санкт-Петербурге, в Краснодарском и Приморском краях, в Московской, Тверской, Липецкой, Омской областях, в республиках Крым и Северная Осетия – Алания (не менее 50 рисунков в каждом регионе). По результатам исследования выделены как общие тенденции восприятия страны, определяющие гражданскую идентичность молодежи, так и особенности образа России у разных возрастных групп в структуре молодого поколения. Выделены несколько взаимосвязанных направлений (контуров) структурирования образа своей страны, включающих в себя разные аспекты представлений о России молодых россиян: личностно-эмоциональный, властно-государственный, цивилизационный. Отмечено, что наибольшие сложности формирования гражданской идентичности проявляются у младшей возрастной группы исследуемых россиян. Рассмотрение образа страны в структуре гражданского самосознания молодежи на визуальных данных – материалах проективных рисунков – позволило подтвердить наличие зависимости гражданской идентичности от соотнесения молодыми людьми себя с воспринимаемой общностью – Россией как социокультурным и политическим образованием. Сделан вывод о том, что использование визуальных методов в исследованиях молодежи представляется перспективным в том числе в силу особого «клипового» характера восприятия ею социально-политической реальности и значительной роли визуальных средств в ее коммуникации в социальной среде и виртуальном пространстве. The article examines the psychological and sociopolitical features of Russia’s young generation, which determine the characteristics, ways and means of forming the civic consciousness of the youth. The category “civic consciousness” is understood as a complex of value, cognitive, reflexive, motivational and emotional characteristics of a person that determine their stable and conscious self-identification as a citizen and are expressed in a person’s relationship with the state and society. The structural and substantive characteristics of the image of Russia in the minds of young people are given from the standpoints of the theory of political perception and developments of political psychologists in the field of studying the political consciousness of young people, various aspects of the theory of identity in terms of understanding civic identity as the basis of the political self-determination of the individual. The image of Russia, which is a complex of ideas about it as a country and a state, the modern youth has is explored in its visual dimension through young people’s drawings representing their ideas about Russia in the form of images. The study used the projective drawing technique “Russia in the form of a house”, which, like any other similar diagnostic technique, aims at identifying deep and poorly perceived features of the perception of the surrounding reality and oneself in the world. The main focus is on the semantic content of the plots presented in the drawings, their symbolic content, the emotional sign of the images. Data were generalized according to the parameters of the cognitive complexity and congruence of the images. The target group of the study consisted of young Russian citizens aged 15 to 30 within three age groups – 15 to 17, 18 to 23, and 24 to 30 years. In the course of the study, 540 drawings were collected and analyzed (180 drawings by respondents of each age group) in Moscow and St. Petersburg, in Krasnodar and Primorsky krais, in Moscow, Tver, Lipetsk, Omsk oblasts, in the Republics of Crimea and North Ossetia-Alania (at least 50 drawings in each region). Based on the results of the study, the authors identify general tendencies of the perception of the country, which determine the civic identity of young people, and the distinctiveness of the image of Russia in different age groups in the structure of the younger generation. Several interrelated directions (outlines) of structuring the image of their country are also described, including different aspects of young Russians’ ideas about Russia: personal-emotional, power-state, civilizational. The authors note that great difficulties in the development of civic identity are manifested in the younger age group of the studied Russians. The analysis of the image of the country in the structure of the civic consciousness of youth based on visual data, particularly materials of projective drawings, made it possible to confirm the existence of the dependence of civic identity on how the young correlate themselves with the perceived community – Russia as a sociocultural and political entity. The conclusion is made that the use of visual methods in youth research seems to be promising, including due to the specific “clip” nature of the youth’s perception of the sociopolitical reality and the significant role of visual means in the youth’s communication in the social environment and the virtual space.

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Galina Viktorovna Morozova ◽  
Artur Romanovich Gavrilov ◽  
Bulat Ildarovich Yakupov

If we sum up the tasks facing the Russian state in relation to the young generation, then all of them are associated with its harmonious inclusion in the social and political development of the country. At the normative level, the current need is declared for young people to form active citizenship and democratic political culture, which is possible only in a constant and equal dialogue between the authorities and young people. Ensuring the interaction of the younger generation with the political elite presupposes the existence of certain conditions - the creation and effective functioning of the information infrastructure of youth policy, as well as the conduct of an open active information policy. The article describes the results of a study of the political status of students of the capital of Tatarstan - Kazan, in particular, such parameters as youth interest in political information, trust in the sources of this information, and political participation. Together with the data of secondary studies, this made it possible to characterize the youth sector of political communication, identify the existing difficulties in the interaction of the government and youth, in particular, identify some difficulties in receiving and disseminating political information among the youth, which impede the development of a democratic political culture and the accumulation of social capital of the young generation.


2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Birutė Strukčinskienė ◽  
Robert Bauer ◽  
Sigitas Griškonis ◽  
Vaiva Strukčinskaitė

The aim of the study was to examine the long-term trends in pedestrian mortality for children (aged 0 to 14 years) and young people (aged 15 to 19 years) over four decades in transitional Lithuania. Methods. Road traffic fatality data were obtained from Statistics Lithuania and the Archives of Health Information Centre. Trends were analysed by linear regression using “Independence” as a slopechanging intervention in 1991 and population as a further explanatory factor in structural time series models. Results. The impact of the interventions, along with the reforms and changes related with the Independence, on pedestrian fatality trends in our time series model was found highly statistically significant for children 0 to 14 years (p<0.001) and still significant for young people 15 to 19 years (p<0.05). No significant impact on the trend of road traffic deaths was found for the “control-groups” of non-pedestrian road users in the age group 0 to 14 years and adult pedestrians (over 19 years of age). For the age group 15 to 19 years the effect of reforms was also significant for non-pedestrians (p<0.05). These results indicate that the effect of measures and changes used in the post-independence period was more specific in children that participated in road traffic as pedestrians than in adult pedestrians, or in nonpedestrian road users. Conclusions. Pedestrian deaths in Lithuania fell significantly in the age groups 0-14 and 15-19 years. A declining trend was found in road traffic fatalities and in pedestrian deaths in transitional Lithuania in the post-independence period. Socioeconomic and political transformations, systematic reforms in healthcare along with sustainable preventive measures may have contributed to this decrease. Targeted road safety measures were road traffic regulations, pedestrian education and environmentally based prevention measures. As child pedestrians are the most vulnerable group of road users, continued road safety education and promotion are recommended in order to maintain this trend, and to involve adult pedestrians in this development.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-280
Author(s):  
Sarah Pickard ◽  
Benjamin Bowman ◽  
Dena Arya

Abstract The year 2018 was a watershed in environmental activism, especially regarding young activists. Greta Thunberg started her School Strikes for Climate and the environmental movement Extinction Rebellion was founded. This article deals with young people’s involvement in these two global movements. It draws on 60 semi-structured interviews carried out with young environmental activists before, during and after protest actions under the auspices of the climate strikes and/or Extinction Rebellion in five British locations. The period of the political socialisation of this young generation is outlined and how it contributes to young people becoming environmental activists. The article then identifies the “radical” demands made by young environmental activists and their “radical” repertoire of contention in relation to their perceptions of the “radical” compared to hegemonic definitions. The interviews show that these young environmentalists are part of a generation of activists committed to obtaining significant change from powerholders through the use of deliberately non-violent direct action that challenges academic perceptions of radical repertoires of contention.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Garwol

Over the past decade computers and smartphones connected to the internet have become widespread, that is why they are now an inseparable element of all ages people's life, especially young people who do not remember the times when such devices were not used. It is commonly used saying that present-day youth "were born with a smartphone in their hands." In the Network young people lead their social life, search for information on various topics and also watch social networking sites, where so-called influencers i.e. network celebrities run their thematic profiles. Content posted by influencers is not always valuable and it happens that they cross the law line and push the boundaries of good taste. An example can be currently popular “patostreams” i.e. live broadcasts, during which behaviors considered as social deviations are presented such as domestic violence, alcohol libations or vulgar discussions. The goal of influencers is to arouse interest in their profile in social media which translates into the number of followers and in turn is supposed to contribute followers’ decisions (e.g. shopping) and opinions on the topics presented. Young people, who have no experience and critical overview and their maturity is just developing, often spend many hours a week in the virtual space watching influencer messages. The article will attempt to answer the questions on how young people approach the content presented by influencers, whether influencers shape followers opinions and decisions in various aspects of life and whether they are authorities to be imitated and trusted.  Keywords: influencer, celebrity, influence, internet, youth


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel De-Juanas ◽  
Teresita Bernal Romero ◽  
Rosa Goig

Psychological well-being manifests itself in all aspects of human activity and is essential to understanding whether young people experience life satisfaction and whether, as they mature, well-being can be associated with different levels of personal autonomy. This quantitative study was developed within the framework of international research on young people’s autonomy in the transition to adulthood. Its main objectives were to analyze the relationship between psychological well-being and autonomy and examine potential variations between the two variables according to age. To this end, Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale and the Transition to Adulthood Autonomy Scale (EDATVA) designed by Bernal et al., were used with a sample of 1,148 young people aged 16–21 from Madrid, Spain, and Bogotá, Colombia. The results show that almost all the dimensions on the Psychological Well-Being Scale correlate significantly and positively with the dimensions on the EDATVA scale. Specifically, moderate correlations were obtained between self-organization on the EDATVA scale and purpose in life (r = 0.568; p = 0.01) and environmental mastery (r = 0.447; p = 0.01) on the Psychological Well-Being Scale. In turn, autonomy on Ryff’s scale obtained the highest correlation (r = 0.382; p = 0.01) with understanding context on the EDATVA scale. It was also found that the older 18–21 age group obtained higher scores than the younger 16–17 age group in all dimensions on both the EDATVA and the Psychological Well-Being Scale. Earlier studies endorse the results found in this research, especially the differences in the scores for both scales according to age groups. This opens avenues for future research to analyze the relationship between psychological well-being and autonomy as independent variables in other sectors of the population.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Hopizal Hopizal ◽  
Fahrurrazi Fahrurrazi

Da'wah is not only done through social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. However, preaching is done through free applications that are familiar today. This article tries to specifically examine the Umma Application as a medium for da'wah for young people who are developing significantly. The purpose of this article is to understand and dig deeper into the dakwah process carried out by young figures by uploading da'wah content from religious figures such as Ustad Abdul Somad, Ust Adi Hidayat, Aa Gym, and other figures in the umma application.  The method used by researchers in this article is a descriptive qualitative method with the Teun A Van Dijk model of discourse analysis technique, to analyze the religious content it conveys. The results of this study indicate that digital da'wah has a great influence on people's attitudes, perspectives, and behavior with an audio-visual da'wah model. Umma is a da'wah application that has a large enough user among young people creating a new virtual space to access knowledge. Da'wah through the umma application certainly has a major influence on the behavior, attitudes, and points of view of young people when watching videos and reading the uploaded images as a process of proselytizing in the umma application.


2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1743-1748
Author(s):  
Snezhana Ilieva ◽  
Valeria Vitanova

The main purpose of the research is to explore the career orientations - functional/technical competence, general managerial competence, security/stability, entrepreneurial creativity (Schein, 1978; 1990) and career development expectations of young people. The sample consists of 160 respondents divided in two age groups – up to 25 years old and between 26-35 years old. All of them have full-time or part-time job positions in organization where information technologies are applied. The respondents are on different stages in their career according the typologies of career development (Savickas, 1995; Schein, 1990). First age group till 25 years old represents the generation “Z” which is just starting their first job and this is the beginning of their career path. Individuals in their mid-twenties are within a stage of exploration and narrow their work preferences. Several career expectations could be unrealistic but individuals within this age seek opportunities to explore careers through work experience and try a variety of job activities in a number of organizations. The second age group (26-35 years old) represents “Y” generation. They are in their establishment career stage where their expectations and preferences are stabilized and realistic. These individuals are highly motivated to succeed and strive for challenge, creativity, achievement and development of their own personal potential. The representatives of those two generations are active workforce at the current moment and their career expectations and orientations should be considered in HRM strategies and practices.The main results of the study show that young people expect in their career to have autonomy and independence, to work with new technologies and to be involved in challenging, innovative and long-term projects. The results from descriptive statistics indicate the expectations of young people to work with new technologies, to strive to promotion and hierarchical career development and to take part in trainings and skills development programs and long-term projеcts. The T-test analysis was made to establish the differences between the age groups. There were not found any differences between the two age groups. The respondents have an orientation more to hierarchical career than to horizontal career and prefer to engage in long-term work projects as well as to develop themselves working in innovative and challenging projects and job tasks. They also tend to invest in improvement of their skills including professional competences, new and diverse soft skills.The main conclusion of the research is that young people strive to combine hierarchical promotion or vertical career with horizontal career. There are no differences between two age groups in their career expectations. Results from regression analysis indicate the existing influence of managerial competence and entrepreneurial creativity on the career expectations. Career profile of the young people combines autonomy/independence, managerial competency and entrepreneurial creativity. The autonomy is a leading career anchor and confirms the assumption that the new generations strive to be more independent and to have self-control in their jobs. This creates career expectation which gives opportunity for personal control, flexibility and aims to go beyond organizational restrictions, rules and procedures. The opportunities for hierarchical career growth are desirable but only if they allow engagement in innovative projects that satisfy the entrepreneurial orientation of the young people. They are ready to develop diverse skills, to be engaged in different challenging innovative projects and to participate in variety of career and personal development programs such as talent management and coaching.


2020 ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Elena Malik

The article reveals the problem of the influence of media information flows on the processes of political socialization of the young generation in modern Russia. Conditions for activation of social and political potential of young people in conditions of mediatization of Russian society have been identified. The author outlined the main directions for optimizing the information impact of mass media on the political orientation of young citizens.


Author(s):  
Elena Malik

The article presents the results of a systematic analysis of the process of integration of Russian youth into the political sphere of society. The specificity of the situation of young people as an object and subject of state policy is justified and the conditions for stimulating their socio-political activity are revealed. The orientation of the participation of the younger generation in the political process of the country is influenced by an integrated system of political, socio-economic, historical and cultural factors. The conclusion is argued that the situation of the young generation, the formation and realization of its socio-political potential continue to remain controversial. The productive realization of its innovative potential is a significant factor in political progress.


Author(s):  
Victor W. Marshall

ABSTRACTCurrent scholarship in the sociology of age relations suffers from conceptual ambiguity and confusion in the area of age and generational relations. This paper recommends precise definition and use of the terms cohort, generation, age grade, age stratum, age group, and generation groups. Concrete or real definitional constructs are distinguished from nominal constructs and their advantages are described. The central thrust of the paper is a call for a return to the conceptualization of Mannheim about generations and a parallel conceptualization concerning age groups. The usefulness of this approach is discussed in terms of the political sociology of age relations.


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