scholarly journals Study on the Spatial Radiation Characteristic by Adjusting the Violin Sound Post

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-319
Author(s):  
Yuya Nishimura ◽  
Rin Ema Minami ◽  
Sohei Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Sound Quality ◽  
Radiation Characteristic ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Ideal Position ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Sound ◽  
The Ideal

Violins were invented in the 16th century in Italy, many methods of manufacturing and adjusting have been developed. Certain violins are highly valued from a cultural perspective as well as for their high sound quality. However, Violin repairers have carried on techniques that have largely been transmitted verbally from generation to generation, so there is a little detailed documentation. Much research has been done to elucidate manufacturing technology and materials used for these valuable violins. This study aims to support the passing down of certain techniques from an acoustic engineering perspective. Many elements defining the timbre, but this study will be focusing on the sound post and the bridge. By clarifying the relationship of adjusting the sound post to the Spatial Radiation Characteristic, we will estimate the ideal position of the sound post and attempt to present the results in the form of a graph.

Professionalism and Ethics in Chemistry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Kovac
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethical Theory ◽  
Common Morality ◽  
Moral Ideal ◽  
Legal Ethics ◽  
Standards Of Conduct ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

Common morality and ethical theory are universal. Not only do they provide the standards of conduct that we expect all rational persons to follow, but also they provide the basis for professional ethics, the special rules of conduct adhered to by those engaged in pursuits ordinarily called professions, such as law, medicine, engineering, and science. Although common morality and ethical theory are general, professional ethics is specific. Legal ethics applies only to lawyers (and no one else); scientific ethics applies only to scientists. Professional ethics is consistent with common morality, but goes beyond it. Professional ethics governs the interactions among professionals, and between professionals and society (Callahan 1988). In many cases, it requires a higher standard of conduct than is expected of those outside the profession, but the norms of professional ethics must be consistent with common morality. To understand professional ethics, it is necessary to understand the concept of a profession (Davis 1998). A profession is more than a group of people engaged in a common occupation for which they are paid. While there are a variety of ways to define a profession, I use a social contract approach, which I have found to be most useful in my thinking about professional ethics. In this view, a profession derives from two bargains or contracts: one internal and one external. The internal bargain governs the interactions among members of the profession while the external bargain defines the relationship of the profession to society. Both, however, are based on a moral ideal of service around which the profession is organized (Davis 1987). For lawyers, the ideal is justice under law. For physicians, the ideal is curing the sick, protecting patients from disease, and easing the pain of the dying. As Michael Davis has argued, these moral ideals go beyond the demands of ordinary morality, the requirements of law, and the pressures of the market. Using a moral ideal as the fundamental basis of the profession comes from the old- fashioned idea of a profession as a calling.

scholarly journals On the changes in iron and steel at temperatures below 280° C

1923 ◽  
Vol 102 (718) ◽  
pp. 587-599 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Iron ◽  
Iron Carbide ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

As a result of some unexpected facts observed during an investigation on the etching properties of the carbides in alloy steels, the study of the changes which are well known to occur in iron carbide was commenced. Since pure iron carbide was not to be obtained in bulk, the material used Was a Swedish white pig iron which contained about 60 per cent. Fe 3 C. The remainder consisted of more or less pure iron, and in view of the complexity of the curves expressing the relationship of the electrical resistance to temperature it was necessary to add to the high carbon material as pure a sample of iron as could be obtained. This was a remarkably pure sample of American ingot iron containing 99⋅9 per cent. iron. To link up these two materials, two steels with about 0⋅15 and 1 per cent, of carbon were also examined. The full analyses of the materials used are recorded in Table I. It is now well known that carbide of iron, Fe 3 C, has a change point at about 200°C., but the fact that there are also equally important changes in pure iron has not, hitherto, been clearly realised, although there have, from time to time, been found values for various physical and mechanical properties which did not fit well on curves showing the general relationship of the property and temperature.

Neo-aristotelian grammar in 17th-century England

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Joseph L. Subbiondo
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Language And Thought ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Summary In his Herm’œlogium; or an Essay at the Rationality of Speaking of 1659 Basset Jones intended to supplement William Lily’s (c. 1468–1522) popular 16th-century grammar, which had received the endorsement of Edward VI. Written in English and Latin, Lily’s grammar through its many editions not only set the standard for Latin grammars, but it also established the style for the first and subsequent grammars of English. Jones realized that Lily’s grammatical model, with its emphasis solely on the classification and arrangement of material according to the classic paradigms for conjugation and declension, ignored the philosophy of grammar which was necessary for an understanding of the relationship of language and thought.

Architectural Competitions and Bureaucracy, 1934–1945

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Shanken
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Institute ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Acumen ◽  
Architectural Competitions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
American Institute Of Architects ◽  
The Ideal

The 1930s in the United States marked a turning point in the relationship of the architectural profession to both the government and corporations. The federal government and large corporations, began to hold design competitions to stimulate the building industry during the Depression. This caught the American Institute of Architects unprepared and led to the transformation of the profession from one grounded in the ideal of the architect-artist to one whose survival depends, in part, upon business acumen, technical competence, and public relations skill.

scholarly journals Humanism, the Renaissance and Russian Culture between the 15th and 17th Centuries: Preliminary Thoughts

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Marcello Garzaniti
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
European Context ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Synthetic View ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study offers a synthetic view of the relationship of the Eastern Slavic world, in particular Russia, with Humanism and the Renaissance, indicating new paths of research on the identity formation of Muscovy and the Russian Empire in the European context. In particular, we focus on the arrival of Sophia Palaiologina in Moscow, on the activities of Maximus the Greek in Russia, and on the idea of Rome and Moscow in the 16th century.

scholarly journals Kehidupan Tokoh Anne Mary dalam Novel Sekumtum Ruh Dalam Merah Karya Naning Pranoto

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
Diah Pratiwi ◽  
Maharani Intan Andalas
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The research entitled "The Life of Anne Mary’s Figure in the Novel Sekumtum Ruh dalam Merah by Naning Pranoto : Intertextual Study" aims to find out the life of Anne Mary's character in intertextual relations. In this study used intertextual theory with qualitative research methods. The results of this research are the discovery of intertextual relationships in the life of Anne Mary's character in the novel Sekumtum Ruh dalam Merah by Naning Pranoto namely the relationship of life with the queen of England mid 16th century, myths of bloody Mary, Mary Ann's alcoholic beverage brands, and the puppet story of Dewi Anjani.   Penelitian berjudul “Kehidupan Tokoh Anne Mary dalam Novel Sekumtum Ruh dalam Merah Karya Naning Pranoto: Kajian Intertekstual” bertujuan untuk mengetahui kehidupan tokoh Anne Mary dalam hubungan intertekstual. Di dalam penelitian ini digunakan teori intertekstual dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya hubungan intertekstual di dalam kehidupan tokoh Anne Mary dalam novel Sekumtum Ruh dalam Merah karya naning Pranoto yakni hubungan kehidupan dengan ratu Inggris pertenaghan abad 16, mitos bloody Mary, merk minuman alkohol Mary Ann, dan cerita pewayangan Dewi Anjani.  

scholarly journals Antinous: From the Pederastic to the Divine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Wong
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Roman Culture ◽  
Public Setting ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

No face is more recognized as the ideal of ancient male beauty than Antinous and yet little is known about his life. Scholars have used his relationship with the Emperor Hadrian as evidence for their own means. This relationship has gone from a sordid and scandalous affair to purely platonic and educational, depending on the personal orientations of the scholars and the cultural trends of their age. The controversy about Antinous began immediately: the establishment of his cult after his death was mocked by contemporaries as an exaggeration and inappropriate mourning. Soon after it was fuel for Christian critics about the arbitrary nature of pagan deities. However, in Hadrian’s lifetime the cult became an established sect of the Imperial Religion, spreading throughout the Eastern provinces. Why did this cult function successfully in the East, while being scorned in the West? This thesis explores the reasons for the different response. I will argue that the pederastic relationship had been a long established tradition within the East but mocked as inappropriate in the West, at least in a public setting. In Greek culture there were numerous cases of such relationships in myth. The contemporaries who criticized the relationship of Hadrian and Antinous, and especially his cult, were reacting against a trend of Hellenization of Roman culture. This had been a debated issue since the Roman conquest of the East, and many times before, the champions of Roman tradition had depicted the spread of Greek ways as the triumph of moral corruption.

scholarly journals The state and personality in the works of N.A. Berdyaev

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Stepan Yaichny
Keyword(s):  
Social Preferences ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
European Philosophy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

This article discusses the basic concepts of Berdyaev’s philosophy, traces the relationship of his philosophical view and political convictions. This relationship is revealed through the concept of personality, which is the central concept of Berdyaev’s philosophy. Through the attitude to the personality, we can reveal the attitude of N. A. Berdyaev to the institution of the state, understand the social preferences of the Russian philosopher, who has come a long way from the representative of Russian Marxism to Russian religious philosophy. Having understood his ideas about the ideal structure of society, we can understand the attitude of N. A. Berdyaev to the Soviet state. The article distinguishes between two different types of relationships: the individual and society - collectivism and communitarianism. Berdyaev’s view is shown in the origins of Russian communism, which, in the opinion of the philosopher, are found not only in Western European philosophy, but also in the historical mentality of Russian people.

The Regenerative Cycle: An Efficiency Basis having Special Reference to the Number of Feed Water Heating Stages

1941 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Horsman
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Final States ◽  
Boiler Plant ◽  
Worked Example ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Regenerative Cycle ◽  
The Ideal

The efficiency of the regenerative cycle may be defined as the ratio of the heat converted into work (in British Thermal Units per pound of steam) to the heat supplied to 1 lb. of steam in the boiler plant. Where feed heating is employed, however, the heat converted into work is less than the adiabatic heat drop as calculated from the initial and final states of expansion. The difference between these quantities is termed “unavailable heat” in the paper, and the efficiency is therefore given as the ratio of the adiabatic heat drop less the unavailable heat, to the heat supplied to 1 lb. of steam in the boiler plant. The object of the paper is to illustrate the advantage derived from working in terms of unavailable heat. Values of this quantity are given, and the author provides a worked example showing their use. Appendixes I and II deal with investigations of the case in which the number of feed heating stages is infinitely great, i.e. the conditions for the ideal efficiency. The relationship of the ideal efficiency to other efficiencies corresponding to various finite numbers of feed heating stages is indicated.

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