scholarly journals Schematic Structure and Stance in Students’ Writing in Business Communication: A Comparative Study of Native English Speaking and Iranian Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-266
Author(s):  
Arezou Bakhtiari
Keyword(s):  
Business Communication ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Negotiation Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Native English Speaking ◽  
Iranian Students ◽  
Novice Students

This study reports on two knowledge elements of stance and schematic structure in order to help novice students increase the efficacy of their writing in business communication. With this regard, Santos’ (2002) Business Letters of Negotiation Model and Hyland’s (2005b) Stance Model of Interaction were drawn upon. Sixty business emails written by native English speaking (NS) and Iranian students of Business Management Departments in universities were analyzed. Two raters explored the corpus for their moves/steps frequencies and a concordance software was used in order to explore stance markers frequencies. To investigate whether Iranian and NS writers are statistically different from each other, the findings of frequencies were submitted to one-variable Chi-square test. The results showed that NS and Iranian writers are not different from each other in their content staging while they are providing information/answers or negotiating. Running counter to moves 2 and 23, move 3 turned out to have different results; there was a significant difference between NS and Iranian writers in their request of information/action/favors. Results presented no significant difference between NS and Iranian writers in their employment of hedges and attitude markers of stance with regard to one-variable Chi-square test results. For boosters, Chi-square test detected a significant difference between the groups only in move 2. There was a significant difference, however, between NS and Iranian writers in their use of self-mention markers in moves 3 and 23. The results of this paper have both theoretical and pedagogical significance.

KORELASI ANTARA HASIL TES MIKROSKOPIS DENGAN TES CEPAT MOLEKULER PADA PASIEN TUBERCULOSIS DAN MULTIDRUG RESISTEN TUBERCULOSIS DI RSUD Dr. H CHASAN BOESOIRIE TERNATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Sitti Nur Afiah ◽  
Fera The
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Analytical Research

Tuberculosis (TB) is a pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Globally in 2018 theestimated number of people affected by TB was estimated at 10.0 million population and 484,000 cases ofmultidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). This study aims to determine the correlation between microscopic testresults with RMT on TB and MDR-TB patients at RSUD Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie Ternate. This type of researchis analytical research using a retrospective approach. The sample in this study were patients with suspected TBand MDR-TB who had performed microscopic tests and TCM in February – April at 2020 in the ClinicalPathology Laboratory of RSUD Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie Ternate, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data were analyzed using the SPSS program analysis was carried out in stages, namely by univariate andbivariate using chi-square test. From 100 samples, the results of RMT examination with TB suspects were 30rifampicin sensitive samples with 2 rifampicin resistance and 5 rifampin sensitive samples for TB MDR-TBsuspects RMT examination results. Chi-square test results obtained the value of p = 000 (p <0.05). There is stilla significant difference between the microscopic test results with RMT in TB and MDR-TB suspect patients atRSUD Dr. H Chasan Boesoirie Ternate.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Fungsi Kognitif Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Unissula dengan IPK Kurang dari 3 dan IPK Lebih sama dengan 3 Yudisium Tahun 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Ahmadi NH ◽  
Elly Noerhidajati ◽  
Siti Maesaroh
Keyword(s):  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The One ◽  
State Examination

Cognitive function varies in each human being, from simple to complex, requiring attention, concentration, and coordination. Cognitive is related to a person's ability to think, solve problems, organize and also to communicate and interact with others and the environment. Methods: cross-sectional research, samples involve the students of medical faculty of Unissula-Semarang with GPA less than 3 and more than 3 graduated in 2018, instrument Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test. Results and Discussion: samples are 56 students, the highest gender is men (51%), the range of age 18-21 years old (53.6%), the number of GPA is the same as the one below and above 3 there are 28 (50%). Test Chi Square gender difference with P value of 0.422 GPA gender does not have significant difference to the GPA, based on the age of the results of T-test p-value 0.000, showed age had significant difference to the GPA, where the age is getting younger GPA is getting better, based on the scores of MMSE test, it was obtained p 1.000, MMSE score has no significant difference with the GPA. Conclusion: Gender and MMSE value have no difference with GPA, there is difference between age and GPA, the younger the students the better GPA the students achieve.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Program Adiwiyata Terhadap Pengetahuan Perilaku dan Keterampilan Siswa dan Guru dalam Mengelola Lingkungan pada SMK di Kabupaten Pelalawan

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Syoffnelli Syoffnelli ◽  
Zulfan Saam ◽  
Thamrin Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Student Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Program Effects ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Square Tables

Abstrak: The study aimed to determine adiwiyata program effects on knowledge, behaviour and skills of students and teachers also compared schools that have implemented the adiwiyata program with schools that have not implemented adiwiyata program. This study is a quantitative descriptive research. The subjects were students and teachers of SMK Negeri 1 Pangkalan Kerinci and SMK Negeri 1 Bunut with total 194 people. The data collection methode used were questionnaires, interviews and observations, data analysis technique using Chi-square test with SPSS version 20 for windows. Results of the study Chi Square test showed between SMK 1 Pangkalan Kerinci with SMKN 1 Bunut about students' knowledge Chi Square count 140.437 and Chi Square table 101.879, student behavior Chi Square count 102.920 and Chi Square tables 101.879 and attitudes Chi Square count 101 994 and Chi Square tables 101.879. Knowledge, attitudes and skills of teachers Chi Square test results Chi Square count of 10,000 and Chi Square Table 18.307. It can be concluded that the existence of a significant difference of knowledge, attitudes and skills of students between SMK 1 Pangkalan Kerinci with SMKN 1 Bunut, because the value of Chi Square count is greater than the value of Chi Square table and there was no significant difference about knowledge, attitudes and skills teacher between SMKN 1 Pangkalan Kerinci with SMKN 1 Bunut, because there is a calculated value of Chi Square is smaller than the value of Chi Square table. 

A Study on factors affecting job satisfaction of working women with Karl Pearson’s Chi-Square test

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Manjula Malik ◽  
A. K. Nehra ◽  
B K Saini
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Private School ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Scale

The Present research article is an endeavour to study the factors affecting job satisfaction of working women with Karl Pearson’s Chi-Square test. The chi square test for independence of two variables allows the researcher to determine whether variables are dependent or independent of each other. Two types of questionnaires, self made and on five pre-defined level scale were sent to 200 higher secondary government and private school teachers of Barmer district in Rajasthan out of which 180 were returned by the respondents. The Chi-Square test results indicate that there is a significant difference in job satisfaction of higher secondary school teacher. Research shows that female teachers are less satisfied than male teachers.

Orthoptic parameters and asthenopic symptoms analysis after 3D viewing at varying distances

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Oleeviya Joseph ◽  
◽  
Sajeev Cherian Jacob ◽  
Venkataramana Kalikivayi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Video ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Royal Air Force ◽  
Video Viewing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
A Prospective Study

AIM: To analyse visual modifications such as amplitude of accommodation, near point of convergence (NPC) reopsis and near phoria associated with asthenopic symptoms after 3D viewing at varying distances. METHODS: A prospective study. Thirty young adults were randomly selected. Each individual was exposed to 3D viewing thrice in a day for a fixed distance and the distance was varied on three consecutive days. Same video of equal duration and different screen sizes were used for every distance. Cyclic 3D mode of K-multimedia player was used for projecting the 3D video. Different variables like stereopsis, amplitude of accommodation, near point of accommodation, near phoria and asthenopic symptoms were recorded immediately after 3D video viewing. Stereopsis was measured with “Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek” or “Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research” (TNO test), amplitude of accommodation and NPC were measured using Royal Air Force (RAF) ruler, near phoria was measured using prism bar and a closed ended sample questionnaire was used to know the occurrence of asthenopic symptoms. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test etc. Qualitative data was analyzed using Chi-square test. RESULTS: For every distance of 40 cm, 3 m and 6 m, amplitude of accommodation was significantly reduced by 0.66 D, 1.12 D and 1.44 D. NPC got significantly receded by 0.63 cm, 0.93 cm and 1.23 cm, and the near phoria was significantly increased by 0.87, and 2.2 prism dioptres (PD) base-in respectively. It was found that most of the subjects got pain around the eyes; headache and irritation for each viewing distance. This study also revealed that 3D video viewing in theaters may increase the symptoms of headache, watering and irritation. Symptoms like headache, watering, fatigue, irritation and nausea may increase considerably at home environment and symptoms such as headache and watering may cause significant discomfort by 3D viewing using a laptop. CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in amplitude of accommodation, NPC, near phoria and asthenopic symptoms before and after viewing a 3D video and also at three viewing distances. There was a predominant occurrence of asthenopic symptoms after 3D video viewing at different distances.

scholarly journals Disparity in availability of laboratory testing for syphilis among different hospitals in Shandong province, eastern China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinlong Chen ◽  
Tongsheng Chu ◽  
Yanling Gan ◽  
Furong Li ◽  
Degui Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background Availability of laboratory testing is the prerequisite for early diagnosis of syphilis. This study aimed to understand the availability of laboratory testing for syphilis among different hospitals in Shandong province. Methods Basic information on hospitals provided clinical health service for sexually transmitted infections in Shandong province and type of laboratory tests for syphilis provided was collected and analyzed using Chi-square test. Results A total of 410 and 456 hospitals provided sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinical services were surveyed in 2012 and 2018, respectively. Significant differences in the availability of nontreponemal tests were observed among hospitals with different levels (X 2 =6.624, p=0.010) and types (X 2 =17.752, p=0.001) in 2012 but not in 2018. A significant difference in the availability of treponemal tests was observed at different levels in 2012 (X 2 =9.937, p=0.002) but not in 2018. Significant differences in the availability of nontreponemal tests, titre of nontreponemal tests, and treponemal tests were observed among hospitals with different affiliations in 2018 (p=0.000; X 2 =15.274, p=0.000; p=0.021) but not in 2012. The availability of both nontreponemal test and treponemal test for syphilis among hospitals in 2018 was higher than that in 2012 (90.13% vs. 57.56%, X 2 =121.219, p=0.000). Conclusions Further efforts are needed to reduce the disparity in availability of laboratory testing for syphilis among different hospitals in China.

Shear bond strength of brackets bonded with nanofilled flowable resins

RSBO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Gisele Maria Correr ◽  
Danielle Rodrigues Morais ◽  
Alexa Helena Köhler Moresca ◽  
Estela Maris Losso ◽  
Alexandre Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Adhesive Remnant Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Type Of Failure

Introduction and Objective: To evaluate the shear bond strength of brackets fixed with different materials (two light-cured nanofilled low-viscosity resins –Transbond Supreme LV and Flow Tain LV and two light-cured traditional resins – Transbond XT and Transbond Plus Color Change) after 10 min and 24 h, and to evaluate the type of failure. Material and methods: Eighty bovine incisors were selected and randomly divided into groups (n = 10) according to the material and fixation period. The brackets were bonded following the manufacturer's instructions and stored in deionized water at 37 oC for  10 min or 24 h. After, the specimens were submitted to shear bond strength test at 0.5 mm/min and evaluated for adhesive remnant index (ARI). The data were submitted to Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon tests (p < 0.05) and the ARI scores to Chi-Square test. Results: There was a significant difference among the materials (p < 0.05 (after 10 min – Transbond XT > Transbond Plus Color Change > Transbond  upreme LV = Flow Tain LV and after 24 h – Transbond XT > Transbond Plus Color Change = Transbond Supreme LV =  Flow Tain LV). There was osignificant difference in resistance values between 10 min and 24 h, except for Transbond Plus Color Change. Most groups showed adhesive remaining adhered to the enamel (scores 2 and 3) without statistical significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The light-cured traditional resins showed higher resistance than the nanofilled materials. The period of fixation had no influence on the resistance for different materials, except for Transbond Plus Color Change.

scholarly journals Assessment of communication words during dental treatment requiring with and without local anaesthesia between child and pediatric dentist

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Shital Kiran Davangere Padmanabh ◽  
◽  
Para Dave ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pediatric Dentist ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: To evaluate the widely used words by children and pediatric dentist during different dental procedures that involves treatment under local anaesthesia (LA) and without LA. Methods: 40 children aged between 6-12years were divided in to 2 groups, Group; I treated under local anaesthesia and Group II without anaesthesia. Each group comprising of 20 subjects (male- 10) (female -10) were recruited from the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry. The procedure was randomized only in one appointment by collecting the data conducted by recording the conversations between the child and dentist from the time the child walks in the dental operator until the session got over. The conversation was taped, transcribed and analyzed linguistically and statistically using chi-square test. Results: A total of 50 words were used with a minimum of 15 words in a session. There were no significant difference were found in words spoken by the child and the practitioner regarding gender, session, and duration of being acquainted with (p>0.05). Regarding age groups, (4–7-year-old) significantly used fewer words than the schoolers (6–12-year-old) (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study proved that the most commonly used words by the practitioner in treatment under LA and without LA were “syringe”, “pain” and “to identify” and “stop”, “open your mouth”, and “to identify” respectively.

FAKTOR PERSONAL YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PERAWAT RSUD EMBUNG FATIMAH BATAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Asfri Sri Rahmadeni
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

<p class="Normal1"><em>Commitment is the attitude or behavior of likes or dislikes shown by someone against the organization at work. Indonesia is recorded as a nurse who has a low organizational commitment (76%) so it harms services. This phenomenon in the hospital can be seen from the indicator of the high turnover rate of nurses which reaches 30.9% which exceeds the standard &lt;5%. Many factors affect organizational commitment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Personal Factors Associated with Organizational Commitment of Hospital Nurses. This study is a cross-sectional analytic study and purposive sampling technique with a sample of 59 nurses. Chi-Square test results obtained personal factors that have a relationship with organizational commitment Nurse Hospital is age with p = 0,000 and education with p = 0,000, personal factors not related to organizational commitment are gender p = 1,053 and years of service with p = 1,147. Hospitals should conduct research/surveys on Organizational Commitment periodically as an evaluation material in the context of the organization's development and development in the future</em>.</p>

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document