PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN AMPAS TAHU DAN DAUN  Indigofera zollingeriana Miq. TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN AYAM KAMPUNG (Gallus-gallus domesticusL. variasi joper) SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI

The aim of this research was 1) to determine the effect of giving a combination of tofu pulp and indigofera leaves to the growth of super native chicken, 2) to determine the concentration of a combination of tofu pulp and indigofera leaves which is good for the growth of super native chicken, 3) to determine the utilization of learning outcomes as a learning resource in the form of a poster. This type of research is experimental research with a completely randomized design (CRD). This study used a total sample of 24 stater phase chicken (aged 20 days after hatching). This study used 4 treatments, namely the combination of tofu dregs feed and indigofera leaves with a concentration of 17% indigofera leaves mixed 83% tofu dregs, 35% concentration of indigofera leaves mixed 65% tofu dregs, and 70% concentration of indigofera leaves mixed 30% tofu dregs, and a control treatment with centrate feed. Each treatment was given 6x repetitions. The parameters observed in this study were weight, and diameter of super native chicken. Data were analyzed using a one-way Non-parametric Test called the Kruskal Wallis Test. Based on the results of the study, there was a significant influence on the feeding of tofu pulp and indigofera leaves to the growth of super native chicken. The results of the study are based on the analysis of the Kruskal Wallis test x2hit> x2daf. Further tests showed the best concentration of tofu pulp and indigofera leaves for super native chicken growth was a concentration of 17% indigofera leaves + 83% tofu pulp. Based on the analysis of the validation of learning resources, this study deserves to be used as a source of learning biology in the form of posters for the growth and development of class XII.Kata kunci: super java chicken, Indigofera, alternative feed, poster learning resources

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Effect of Ethephon and Packaging Practices On Ripening of Mango cv. Maldah

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v19i1.54786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 155-163

Author(s):

S Sapkota ◽

D Kc ◽

H Giri ◽

M Saud ◽

M Basnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Quality Performance ◽

Plastic Packaging ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Ethephon Treatment ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Control ◽

Juice Content

The present research was conducted on two factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replications. A set of experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of postharvest ethephon treatment and packaging on ripening of mango cv. Maldah. The treatments consisted of ripening agent i.e., ethephon and control treatment under different packaging condition i.e., fiber with hole, fiber without hole, plastic with hole and plastic without hole. The result revealed that different packaging condition and ripening agents influenced the ripening behavior of mango. The highest TSS (15.26), sugar-acid ratio (23.66) and juice content (126.05) were recorded with fiber (without hole) and the lowest TSS (12.60), sugar-acid ratio (9.01) and juice content (116.05) with plastic (without hole). The highest TA (1.44) was recorded with plastic (without hole) and the lowest (0.66) with fiber (without hole). Similarly, the highest BT (2.83) was recorded with fiber (with hole) and the lowest (1.66) with plastic (without hole). Firmness, sweetness, TSS and juice content were the highest with the interaction effect of fiber bag (without hole) and ethephon treatment. In conclusion, mango fruits with ethephon treatment packed in fiber bag (without hole) enhances quality and ripening of mango whereas under controlled condition and without hole plastic packaging mangoes had low quality performance in terms of physio-chemical properties. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 155-163 (2021)

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Effect of biofertilizer obtained by anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent on the development of crambe plants

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n10p681-685 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 681-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andressa C. Neves ◽

Camila N. Bergamini ◽

Rafaela de O. Leonardo ◽

Manoel P. Gonçalves ◽

Dilcemara C. Zenatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Plant Development ◽

Root Biomass ◽

Oil Content ◽

Final Height ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Shoot And Root Biomass ◽

Number Of Branches

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying increasing doses of biofertilizer obtained by the anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent on the development of crambe plants. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Palotina Sector, between April and August 2015. A completely randomized design was used, and five different treatments with the following doses were applied in five replicates: 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O. The following parameters related to plant development were evaluated: final height, stem diameter, number of branches, dry shoot and root biomass, mass of the grains, and oil content. The 160 kg K2O ha-1 dose was found to have the best influence on the plant development, because all the measured parameters reached their highest values at this dose, except for oil content, which attained the highest percentage in the case of the control treatment (0 kg ha-1 of K2O). This study proved that the biofertilizer obtained by anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent can be used as an alternative to regular fertilizers in cultivating crambe.

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Methionine plus cystine requirements for the maintenance and efficiency of utilization with tambaqui of different body weights

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-7054202044014920 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

Author(s):

Neliane Galvão Porto ◽

Felipe Barbosa Ribeiro ◽

Jefferson Costa de Siqueira ◽

Marcos Antonio Delmondes Bomfim ◽

Rafael Silva Marchão ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Native Fish ◽

Amino Acid Requirement ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Protein Retention ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Body Weights ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Methionine is an essential amino acid, and generally, the first limiting one in the diets of tambaqui, the main native fish produced in continental aquaculture in South America. However, there is a lack of information on their amino acid requirement, especially for maintenance and efficiency of utilization. The present study aimed to determine the requirement of [methionine plus cystine] for the maintenance and efficiency of utilization using tambaqui of different body weights. Two experiments were carried out using 250 tambaqui with weights of 100 and 300 g. They were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatment groups (0.264, 0.396, 0.528, and 0.660% of digestible [Met + Cys]), five replications. The control treatment (CT) was performed with the addition of methionine at the first level (0.264%) until the second level was reached (0.396%). The maintenance requirement was determined by the regression analysis between the consumption of [Met + Cys] and protein retention equal to zero. The efficiency was determined using the value of the slope coefficient of the line obtained by the linear regression. The protein and methionine retention values of tambaqui weighing 100 to 300 g were compared by the parallelism test, and no difference was observed between the parameters of the equations indicating the need for only one equation to describe the responses to body weights. The requirement of digestible [Met + Cys] for the maintenance of tambaqui with weights from 100 to 300 g was 60.47 mg kg-0.7 day-1 and the efficiency of utilization of 42%.

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The Affection of Fine Bubbles (FBs) Application on Growth Siamese Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in Aquaponic System

Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research ◽

10.9734/ajfar/2020/v7i430127 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 30-36

Author(s):

Rahmad Afdillah ◽

Yuli Andriani ◽

Zahidah Hasan ◽

. Rosidah ◽

. Iskandar

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Good Condition ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Effective Pressure ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

This research aims was to determine the effective pressure on fine bubbles technology on the growth of Siamese catfish fry in the aquaponic system. This study uses a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. Treatment A (Control), Treatment B (FBs at a pressure of 4,5 atm), Treatment C (FBs at a pressure of 5 atm and treatment D (FBs at a pressure of 5,5 atm). The parameters observed were Specific Growth Rate, Survival Rate and water quality (Temperature, pH, DO, Ammonia) Data were analyzed using variance with the F test at a 95% confidence level. The best treatment for catfish growth was treatment D (5,5 atm pressure), which gave the highest SGR value of 7,24% and the highest SR value of 100%. The value of water quality parameters were in good condition for the growth and survival of catfish.

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Pengaruh penambahan serbuk jagung pada komposisi media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus)

BIOMA Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi ◽

10.26877/bioma.v10i2.7429 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 158-170

Author(s):

Muhaeming Muhaeming ◽

Jamilah Jamilah ◽

Zulkarnaim Zulkarnaim

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽

Medium Composition ◽

Oyster Mushroom ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Mycelium Growth ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Penambahan nutrisi perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas pertumbuhan jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Salah satu bahan yang dapat digunakan adalah serbuk jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serbuk jagung pada komposisi media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan mengetahui konsentrasi serbuk jagung yang paling baik digunakan pada pertumbuhan miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Penelitian ini mengunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 12 satuan percobaan; P0 (perlakuan kontrol), P1 (25%), P2 (50%), dan P3 (100%). Variabel yang diukur adalah persentase pertumbuhan miselium yang diamati pada hari ke-6, 12 dan 18 dan waktu penyebaran miselium Hari Setelah Inokulasi (HSI). Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dengan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pada pertumbuhan miselium bibit F1 jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) dengan penambahan serbuk jagung pada komposisi media tanam. Selain Itu, konsentrasi serbuk jagung yang memberikan hasil yang paling baik terhadap pertumbuhan miselium adalah P2 dengan konsentrasi 50%. Kata kunci : miselium F1; Pleurotus ostreatus; serbuk jagung ABSTRACTAdditional nutrition needs to be done to increase the productivity of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) growth. One of the materials that can be used is corn powder. This study aimed to determine the effect of corn powder on the planting medium composition towards mycelium growth of oyster mushroom F1 seeds (Pleurotus ostreatus) and to find the best concentration of corn powder to grow mycelium seeds F1 oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). This research was an experimental study using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments namely; P0 (control treatment), P1 (25%), P2 (50%), and P3 (100%), and 3 repetitions so that obtained 12 experimental units. The variables measured were the mycelium growth percentage on days 6, 12, and 18, and the mycelium widespread time after the day of inoculation. The data were analyzed using ANOVA then continued on the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that the addition of corn powder on oyster mushroom growing media affected mycelium growth of the oyster mushroom F1 seeds (Pleurotus ostreatus). It also found that the P2 with a 50% concentration of corn powder gave the widest mycelium growth. Keywords: corn powder; mycelium; Pleurotus ostreatus

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APPLICATION OF BENZYLADENINE (BA) IN THE FORM OF LANOLIN PASTE ON FLOWER-STALK BUDS SUCCESSFULLY INDUCED RE-BLOOMING OF HYBRID Phalaenopsis

Jurnal Agrotek Tropika ◽

10.23960/jat.v8i2.3915 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 383

Author(s):

Mukhaila Iryani ◽

Yusnita Yusnita ◽

Dwi Hapsoro ◽

Kukuh Setiawan ◽

Agus Karyanto

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

The Other ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Bud Break ◽

Flower Stalk ◽

Moth Orchid ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Time Period ◽

Long Time ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Hybrid moth orchid (genus Phalaenopsis) is one of the most popular ornamentals in Indonesia. It has beautiful and long-lasting flowers, but cultivating this orchid is still become a challenging issues due to the need of specific condition to grow and long time period to re-blooming. Plant growth regulators (PGR) (i.e. Benzyladenine (BA)) has been widely documented as a flower-inducing substance in several orchids. However, the optimal concentration and its mechanism in inducing flower-stalk bud and re-blooming is still unclear. This research aimed to study the effects of BA application in the form of lanolin paste on hybrid Phalaenopsis flower-stalk buds. We conducted this study using completely randomized design with four replications at the greenhouse laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung on August to December 2018. We divided the orchid into 5 group of BA concentration (0, 1000, 1500, 3000, or 6000 ppm). The sheath of the fourth or fifth buds of the flowers were carefully opened, then it smeared with BA. The percentage of bud break into flower spike or keiki, length of shoots or spike and number of open flowers were recorded until 10 weeks of observation. The results showed that, neither of the buds under the control treatment (without BA), 1000 ppm nor 1500 ppm BA broke and grew into keiki or spike. On the other hand, application of BA at 3000 ppm or 6000 ppm successfully induced 100% flower spikes on the buds treated. No keiki was formed in all buds treated. In addition, treatment of the buds with 6000 ppm BA produced longer flower spikes as well as more open flowers. We conclude that the application of BA (minimal 3000 ppm) successfully induced flower spike of hybrid Phalaenopsis.

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Cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen of Brazilian orchid seeds Miltonia flavescens Lindl.

Revista Agro mbiente On-line ◽

10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v14i0.6388 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Jean Carlo Baudraz de Paula ◽

Walter Aparecido Ribeiro Júnior ◽

Gabriel Danilo Shimizu ◽

Gabriel Barraca Men ◽

Ricardo Tadeu De Faria

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Water Content ◽

Liquid Nitrogen ◽

Biological Material ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Preservation Methods ◽

Lower Performance ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Protocorm Formation

Miltonia flavescens is a species vulnerable to extinction, which justifies research on preservation methods. Cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen (LN) consists of maintaining biological material at a low-temperature (-196 °C). Thus, the aim of the experiment is to evaluate the influence of different cryoprotective solutions on cryopreservation in LN of the Brazilian orchid Miltonia flavescens seeds. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD), with eight treatments and six replications. The treatments were composed as follows: control; immersion in LN, no cryoprotectant adding; and immersion in LN, with the addition of cryoprotectants: sucrose 0,4 mol L-1; glycerol 2 mol L-1; protection by vitrification in solution (PVS)1; PVS2; PVS2 + 1% phloroglucinol, and PVS3. Except for the control treatment, which was kept in a freezer (10±2 °C), the others remained frozen for 15 days. After this period, the viability of the seeds was evaluated. These seeds were sown and, 30 days after germination, then the frequency of protocorm formation was verified. Before the cryopreservation, the seeds showed 75% viability and 9.5% water content. After cryopreservation, the seeds varied between 67 to 75% viability. However, treatment with glycerol 2 mol L-1 exhibited lower performance than the others (58%). The control treatment showed a higher percentage of protocorm formation (71%) followed by treatments PVS1 (63%), PVS2 (64%), and PVS2PHLO (66%). For the purpose of preserving Miltonia flavescens seeds in liquid nitrogen for a prolonged period, the treatments PVS1, PVS2, and PVS2PHLO proved to be viable and promising alternatives.

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Improving the Quality of Broiler Duck Carcasses with the Addition of Meniran Plan (Phylanthus niruri L.) Extract as a Feed Additive

Journal of Development Research ◽

10.28926/jdr.v5i2.176 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 201-205

Author(s):

Lestariningsih Lestariningsih ◽

Fatra Nonggala Putra

Keyword(s):

Feed Additives ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Carcass Quality ◽

Alternative Feed ◽

Operational Costs ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Level 3 ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this research was to determine the improvement of the carcass quality of broiler ducks with the addition of meniran extract as a feed additive. This is based on the fluctuating price of feed 70 – 80% is part of the operational costs and the prohibition on the use of antibiotics requires alternative feed additives that are safe for human consumption. This research was carried out in Juni – August 2021 in Dayu Village, Nglegok District Blitar Regency. The method used is experimental with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The design used is Completely Randomized Design. The result showed that giving meniran extract as a feed additive could improve the carcass quality of broiler duck including carcass weight and carcass percentage and dit not have a significant effect on slaughter weight. It is recommended to use meniran plan extract level 3% to improve the carcass quality of broiler ducks.

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Growth performance of weaner rabbits on diets containing varying levels of dried okra leaves (Abelmoschus esculentus)

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v47i3.146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 124-131

Author(s):

A. A. Imade ◽

C. F. I. Onwuka ◽

V. A. Jegede ◽

O. Y. Ayo-Ajasa ◽

B. B. Sarumi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Average Weight ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Design Data ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Alternative Feed ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Inclusion Level ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Dietary Treatments

The need to seek for alternative feed materials with nutritional and medicinal values to support livestock growth necessitated this study. Forty-five unsexed rabbits crosses (Chinchilla × Newzealand white) 5- 6 weeks old with average weight of 720g were used in a 10- week feeding trial to evaluate the performance of growing rabbits fed on varying levels of dried okra leaves. The rabbits were assigned into five treatment groups containing dried okra leaves (DOL) at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% inclusion levels for dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5) respectively. Each treatment consisted of 9 rabbits and replicated thrice with each replicate consisting of 3 rabbits in a completely randomized design. Data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results indicated that daily feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) largest in rabbits fed 5.00% inclusion level of dried okra leaves (84.57g) and least in rabbits fed 0.00% level of inclusion of dried okra leaves (72.12g). Feed efficiency (FE) was poorest (P<0.05) in rabbits fed 10.00% DOL (0.15%) and best (0.20%) in rabbits fed 2.50% dried okra leaves. It was concluded that okra leaves can be included in diets for growing rabbits and 2.50% level of dried okra leaves inclusion is recommended for adoption by farmers to maximize profit.

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Effect of different selenium sources and concentrations on glutathione peroxidase activity and cholesterol metabolism of beef cattle

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab321 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Janaina S da Silva ◽

Alessandra F Rosa ◽

Cristina T Moncau ◽

Bárbara Silva Vignato ◽

Silvana Marina P Pugine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Cholesterol Metabolism ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Liver Concentration ◽

Total Meat ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Control ◽

Different Sources

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different Se sources and concentrations on glutathione forms and cholesterol metabolism in beef cattle. Sixty-three Nellore bulls (412 ± 19 kg BW; 24 months old) were randomly assigned to a completely randomized design in a 2×3 + 1 factorial arrangement (63 pens; one animal/pen) with two Se sources (sodium selenite, ING and Se-yeast, ORG), three concentrations (0.3, 0.9 and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM), and control treatment (without Se supplementation) fed for 90 days. Blood samples were collected on d 0, 28, 56, and 84. Muscle and liver samples were collected at harvest. Hepatic GSSG (P = 0.004), GSH/GSSG ratio (P = 0.030), and GSH-Px (P = 0.004) were affected by Se source x concentration interaction. Oxidized glutathione was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM, but at 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM the ING group was higher than ORG. The liver GSH-Px activity was higher in the ORG group vs. ING at concentration 0.9 and 2.7 mg supplemental Se/kg DM. The GSH/GSSG ratio was the highest in animals fed 0.3 mg supplemental Se/kg DM of ORG. Selenium liver concentration increased linearly with the supplemental Se concentration in the diet (y = 0.0583 + 0.4254x, R 2 = 0.92, P < 0.0001), regardless of source. Total meat cholesterol was greater (P < 0.001) in CON (control) vs. SUP (supplemented, regardless source) group. The muscle GSH-Px activity was higher (P < 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased (P < 0.004) with increasing supplemental Se concentrations. There was an increase on VLDL, glucose, and triglycerides in ORG vs. ING (P ≤ 0.035). In general, serum Se was higher (P < 0.001) in SUP vs. CON and increased with increasing supplemental Se concentration. Lastly, the HMGCR concentration was lower (P = 0.002) in SUP (0.39 ng/mL) vs. CON (0.55 ng/mL). Selenium supplementation with different sources and concentrations has the potential to affect cholesterol metabolism by affecting GSH/GSSG ratio, GSH-Px, and the HMGCR.

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