scholarly journals THE SYSTEM OF CATEGORIES OF PSYCHOLOGY AND THE CONCEPTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL, SUBJECT OF ACTIVITY AND PERSONALITY: SOME LESSONS OF THE CONCEPTS OF KANT, FICHTE, HEGEL AND SARTRE

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Nikolay Semyonovich Shadrin
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Image Communication ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Logical Nature ◽  
Genetic Continuity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Generic Essence

The categories of psychology are understood as the limit generalizations of various classes of psychical phenomena, including both the corresponding groups of particular concepts and the phenomena not yet subjected to final conceptual identification. They can be understood as the basic determinants of the psychic, having a socio-cultural nature (at the level of the subject of activity and personality) or bio-logical nature (at the level of the individual). The individual, the subject of activity and the personality, not being forms of “psychic”, should nev-ertheless possess special levers of regulation (or self-regulation) of such basic determinants of psyche, as motive, image, communication and action (that indirectly assumes also regulation of all vital activity of the individual subject of life). Not limited to the formula “personality as a transformed individual”, the author reveals the genetic continuity of the levels of the individual, the subject of activity and personality in the aspect of increasing of the degree of manifestation of the generic essence and “essential forces” of man in his individual exis-tence. At the same time, analyzing multilevel human activity from the point of view of “spatial” paradigm (in the aspect of human integration into different spheres of living space), the author finds the key to the relative independence of these levels and to the constant transitions from one of these levels of life activ-ity to another. The justification of the proposed provisions is given on the complex of the corresponding ideas of Kant, Fichte, Hegel and Sartre, taking into account the continuity between them.

METHODOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH OF PERSONALITY SELF-DEVELOPMENT RESOURCES

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Svitlana Kuzikova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Training ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual

The author's approach to the empirical study of the peculiarities of self-development of a person has been  considered. The criteria of self-development as a subject activity have been characterized. Its indicators have been  given.  The  psychological  resources  of  personal  self-development  have  been  singled  out:  the  need  for  self- development as its source and determinant; conditions that ensure its success; mechanisms as functional means and  conditions  for  its  implementation.  Their  essence  has  been  revealed.  The  need  for  self-development  has  been  determined by the actualization of the characteristics of self-development (self-activity, vital activity, development of  self-consciousness) and has been occurred when the content structure of the individual consciousness and the  transformation of semantic entities changed. Conditions of self-development has been defined by mature I of  personality, openness, tolerance to the new, the presence of a conscious goal of self-realization and active life  strategy. Reflection, self-regulation and feedback have been considered as mechanisms of self-development. The  methodical approaches and means of studying the peculiarities and factors of the development of the subject of self- development in adolescence in the process of professional training have been offered, and the results of their  integrated empirical research have been highlighted. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of the level  of actualization of self-development resources among students, discovered with the author's diagnostic method  "DCPSD" (Dispositional Characteristic of Personality of Self-development). It has been proved that psychological  resources as a set of possibilities of development already exist in the psychological reality of a person. It has been  shown that the dominance of the level of self-development resources’ actualization of the individual (and their  combination) can be correlated with the dimensions of the individual psychological space, indicating the individual  peculiarity of the personal self-development organization. It has been noted that, at the same time, actualization,  strengthening and harmonization of all psychological resources of a person self-development, enrichment of its  relations with the environment and other people, and increasing spirituality is necessary for the implementation of  progressive conscious personal self-development. У  статті  розглянуто  авторський  підхід  до  емпіричного  вивчення  особливостей  саморозвитку  особистості. Охарактеризовано критерії саморозвитку як суб’єктної діяльності, наведено його показники.  Виокремлено психологічні ресурси особистісного саморозвитку: потребу в саморозвитку як його джерело і  детермінант; умови, які забезпечують його успішність; механізми як  функціональні засоби і умови його  здійснення.    Розкрито    їх    сутність.    Потреба    в    саморозвитку    визначається    актуалізованістю  характеристик саморозвитку (самоактивність, життєдіяльність, розвиненість самосвідомості) і виникає  при зміні змістової  структури індивідуальної свідомості та трансформації смислових утворень. Умови  саморозвитку  окреслюють  зріле  Я  особистості,  відкритість,  толерантність  до  нового,  наявність  усвідомленої   мети   самоздійснення   та   активної   життєвої   стратегії.   Як   механізми   саморозвитку  розглядаються рефлексія, саморегуляція та зворотній зв'язок. Запропоновано методичні підходи і засоби  вивчення особливостей та чинників становлення суб’єкта саморозвитку в юнацькому віці в процесі фахової  підготовки, висвітлено результати їх комплексного емпіричного дослідження. Особливу увагу приділено  аналізу  рівня  актуалізації  ресурсів  саморозвитку  у  студентів,  виявленого  за  допомогою  авторської  діагностичної методики «ДХСО». Доведено, що психологічні ресурси  як сукупність можливостей розвитку  вже існують у психологічній реальності людини. Показано, що домінування рівня актуалізації ресурсів  саморозвитку особистості ( та їх поєднання) можна співвіднести з вимірами психологічного простору  особистості,   що   свідчить   про  індивідуальну   своєрідність   організації   особистісного  саморозвитку.  Зазначено,  що  в  той  же  час  для  здійснення  прогресивного  усвідомленого  особистісного  саморозвитку  необхідна   актуалізація,   взаємопосилення   і   гармонізація   всіх   психологічних   ресурсів   саморозвитку  особистості, збагачення її зв’язків із навколишнім середовищем та іншими людьми, підвищення духовності.

scholarly journals Choosing school underachievement as a way to resist power

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Dzinovic ◽  
Jelena Pavlovic ◽  
Dusan Stojnov
Keyword(s):  
School Success ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Good Education ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Active Choice ◽  
Education School ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Resistance To Power ◽  
The Individual

Underachievement in school is seen as a failure in traditional theories of education. An alternative construction of school underachievement, from the point of view of Michel Foucault? s approach to power and George Kelly's principle of elaborative choice, is offered as the subject matter of this paper. Instead of being construed exclusively as a measure of good education school success can be seen as the effect of normalization based on the power of discourses dominating in a society. In the same time, underachievement can be seen as a form of resistance to dominant discourse, as well as a way of defining identity in accordance with marginalized discourses whose significance is not recognized or respected from the point of school authorities. The prevailing tradition of European rationality treats poor achievement as a case of norm deviation. The individual perspectives are discounted as irrational and disordered behavior, requiring treatment. Kelly however, asserts that claims of irrationality reflect poor understanding of individual perspectives. When individuals resist the dominant discourse and underachieve despite their abilities, they are making an active choice which should be understood from their point of view. The choice someone makes is always an elaborative choice. Thus underachievement may be construed as resistance to power, based on the principle of elaborative choice.

scholarly journals The development of conscious self-regulation of workers of coal industry enterprises as a condition for ensuring the safety of professional activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Stanislavovna Morozova ◽  
Evgeniia Aleksandrovna Medovikova ◽  
Daria Nikolaevna Grinenko ◽  
Anastasiia Evgenevna Kargina
Keyword(s):  
Time Perspective ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Individual

The actual problem of our time at the enterprises of the Kuzbass coal industry is the moment of ensuring the psychological security of the employee's personality. Psychological security is a fairly broad concept that includes many components and is exposed to various factors [2]. The aim of the study is to consider the importance of self-regulation of the individual as a condition for ensuring the safety of the subject of professional activity. The following methods and techniques were used in the study: The method "Style of self-regulation of behavior" by V. I. Morosanova; Test "Meaning-life orientations" by D. A. Leontiev; Questionnaire by H. Zachera and M. Freze "Professional time perspective of the future". The research is based on the development and testing of the technology of psychological and pedagogical influence in the form of reflexive seminars, which allows to increase the level of awareness of self-regulation of subjects of professional activity.

La sociologie de la religion en Grèce

1975 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Anastase Tzanimis
Keyword(s):  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Theological Thought

Sociology of religion has not developed in Greece as it has in the western countries. It is not easy to determine the reasons for the scarcity of studies and research projects con cerning sociology of religion. In fact, neither religion, taken as a universal social phenomenon, nor orthodox theological thought and its application to the individual and to the social, political and economic life of the Greek people have been sufficiently studied from a sociological point of view. Con temporary Greek sociologists have only touched on the subject of religion. Some effort has been made during the last decade by young Greek theologians to properly establish and develop the science of sociology of religion. This effort, however, has, so far, not brought about the anticipated scientific results. Moreover, it has failed to gain the confidence and acknow ledgement in theological and ecclesiastical circles where socio logy as a science is still generally regarded with much re servation. It should be noted that the development of sociology of religion in Greece was first prompted by various Christian — social movements for the purpose of opposing several anti- Christian ideological movements which have appeared since the beginning of our century.

«Quanta» Language Consciousness and Problems in the Functioning of the Communicative Norms

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Татьяна Черкашина ◽  
Tatiana Cherkashina ◽  
Н. Новикова ◽  
N. Novikova ◽  
О. Трубина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Phenomenon ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the conceptualization of the world from the point of view of its methodological paradigm assessment in the context of the globalizing world. A retrospective analysis of the relationship between language and human speech activity is given. The authors explain the role of language as a socio-cultural phenomenon in the formation of worldview systems that develop in the consciousness with the help of minimal units of human experience in their ideal meaningful representation in special concepts, which allows the individual to think within the boundaries of a certain linguistic picture of the world. Analyzes the problems of the functioning of communicative norms with regard to the hierarchy of the spiritual representations of the world. The article attempts to consider the impact of the “blurring” of the information boundaries of the globalizing world on the cognitive abilities of the individual in the nomination, qualification of the subject, phenomenon, process.

scholarly journals Speech Diagnostics of the Holistic Essence of Personality

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 360-380
Author(s):  
Natalia Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Regulatory Properties ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article is devoted to the current interdisciplinary problem of determining the characteristics of a language personality (the term of Yu. N. Karaulov) according to various parameters of her speech, which is located at the junction of psycholinguistics and psychology. The proposed N.A. Fomina and the scientific concept developed by her together with the pupils for a comprehensive study of personality manifestations in speech activity, which presupposes a systemic consideration of personality traits and a multilevel, multicomponent analysis of the text as a product of individual speech activity. This approach allows you to disclose speech activity in basic features, relationships and relationships, as well as provide a more complete and in-depth description of the individuality of the subject of this activity. The article briefly presents the author's method of polycomponent analysis of the text-statement, giving the opportunity to consider not only its own linguistic (language, speech, meaningful and semantic) characteristics, but also the reflection in it of psychological (motivational, cognitive, dynamic, emotional, regulatory) properties of authors of statements. Integral variables are named – activity, focus and self-regulation, penetrating all the structural components of the personality and revealing its integral essence through the basic properties. The possibilities of speech diagnostics of the holistic essence of the personality, which is reflected in its initiative, sociability, and perseverance, characterizing the activity, direction, and regulation of this activity are shown. Some results of an empirical study of the manifestations of the individual-typological features of these personality traits in her speech are described. Parameters by which it is possible to identify representatives of internally – subject, internally-ergic, productive and semantic, selective and aergic types of organization of initiative, sociability, and perseverance, differing from each other primarily by the ratio of different motives and needs, by means of self-regulation and external dynamic manifestations are indicated.

scholarly journals Interpretation of the Category of Stress Resistance in Psychology

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
Oleksandra O. Kohut
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Systemic Property ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Emotional Balance ◽  
Difficult Situations

The relevance of the study is determined by the ambiguity of the interpretation of the concept of “stress resistance”, as a result of which there are difficulties in providing assistance to persons suffering from extremely difficult situations. The purpose of the study is to provide the author's interpretation of the category “personality stress”, which summarises the various definitions. To achieve this goal, the author relies on a methodology of a systematic approach that provides clarity in the understanding of the studied category, order and the ability to summarise research information that existed in the form of disparate elements of the disclosure of something more holistic. The author's definition of stress resistance as a complex integrative systemic property of personality, where the components of its structure (psychophysiological, emotional, cognitive, volitional) are in a certain ratio and form a holistic structure – a stable internal organisation that determines the quality and development of the system. It has been found that different definitions of the term are used in relation to the conditions of stress and areas of mental personality. It is confirmed that vitality is used to denote the adaptive properties of a person who overcomes extremely difficult living conditions. It is substantiated that stress resistance in extreme conditions indicates physiological endurance and depends on the skills of self-regulation to restore homeostasis in life-threatening situations. It is noted that the term “resilience” is better used in difficult communication, which violates the emotional balance of the individual. It is stated that spiritual stability determines the strength of will of a person seeking freedom. The practical value of the research is that the scientific developments on the subject matter have received a clear structural and systemic basis, which makes provision for opportunities to more objectively and holistically approach the solution of problems related to stress

scholarly journals Concept “Happiness” in the Autobiographical Prose of Vladimir Nabokov

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Nadezhda S. Stepanova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Vladimir Nabokov ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Artistic Experience ◽  
The Gift ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Artistic Image

«Happiness» is one of the most significant cultural universals, semantically related to the concepts of the spiritual life of a man, the most important element performing meaning-forming and plot-forming role in an artistic work. The study of the reflection of notions about happiness in the autobiographical prose of V. Nabokov in the context of the literary and cultural situation of the first wave of Russian emigration is defined by the specifics of autobiography as a text that is created at the end of life and involves its recognition from the point of view of a person summing up intermediate or final results. The article analyzes the artistic concept «happiness» in the autobiographical prose of V. Nabokov; it determines its individual author’s content that is correlated with the general cultural content of the concept. The article is devoted to the study of the concept «happiness» as a complex emotional and value formation which reflects the universal artistic experience, recorded in the cultural memory, expresses the individual author’s understanding of the essence of objects and phenomena. The conceptual component of the word «happiness» in the creativity of V. Nabokov includes the harmonious fullness of life, freedom, the gift of creativity, the happiness of childhood, family, the hearth, the happiness of love and marriage, the enjoyment of life and its joys, a reflection of the personal history of upbringing and testing. The concept «happiness» implements not only semantic, but also axiological possibilities, reflecting both the own characteristics of the subject of the artistic image and the features of idiostyle of the writer.

scholarly journals Psychodiagnosis of Existential Experiences of Youth

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Lanovenko
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Humanistic Psychology ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Feature ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The Individual

There are many problems in psychological reality that make it impossible for any empirical study to be due to the lack of adequate psychodiagnostic tools. The purpose of this article is to select psychodiagnostic tools that would provide an adequate picture of the characteristics of the experiences of young people their transition period. The existential philosophy became the theoretical basis for revealing the profound and essential content of the normative crisis of adolescence since it was in the works of philosophers in this direction that an attempt was made to reveal the inner world of man in his specific identity. Adaptation of the existential paradigm to psychological practice was made by humanistic psychology, which put forward the principle of focusing on the individual subject and study the holistic personality of an average person as the central methodological postulate. Authors used ideographic or phenomenological methods during the research. Hence, the requirements for choosing an adequate methodical admission of our study were: 1) the possibility of receiving in-depth information about the inner experience of the investigated since this is the level of self-knowledge at which the subject reveals his existence; 2) the ability of the chosen methodology to reveal the individual characteristics of each respondent's maturity; 3) the need to analyze how exactly adulthood influenced the realization of primary existential integration (as a new feature of adolescence) and the subsequent life of the subject; it is about realizing the principle of unity of the entire life path of the respondent, revealing the integrity and continuity of the events of his inner world. Among the existing methodical techniques that can directly lead to the phenomenon under study, we can distinguish the method of conversation, which became for us the fundamental and specified in the exact method of an in-depth interview. The article further provides a methodological justification for receiving in-depth interviews to explore adolescent existential experiences.  

Problem of Spiritually-Moral Education and Its Theoretical and Methodological Reflection

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т. Серебрякова ◽  
T. Serebryakova ◽  
А. Бурханова ◽  
A. Burhanova ◽  
О. Казакова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Moral Formation ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Methodological Reflection

This article reflects the results of a theoretical understanding of the problem of spiritual-moral formation of personality. Relying on the method of theoretical analysis, we note the fact very long and sustained interest of representatives of various branches of anthropology to this issue. Fundamental research in this area was carried out by philosophers, culturologists, sociologists, the results of whose researches, from our point of view, can be regarded as a theoretical, methodological bases for the development of the problem of education of spirituality and morality of the individual from the standpoint of pedagogy. No of less important for the development of technological approaches to optimization of the process of spiritually-moral education of personality you are the works of psychologists. It was the psychologists, analyzing the essential characteristics of spirituality and morals in the first place, bind them with the attitude of the subject, both to the world and to ourselves; associate spirituality and morality as the cognitive and affective processes. The allocation of the spectrum of characteristics that reflect the essence of spirituality and morality of the individual, will allow, from our point of view, to optimize the process of developing technological approaches to solving this problem.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document