scholarly journals Natimortalidade no hospital materno infantil de Barra do Corda-MA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (30) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Luciane Dos Santos da Silva ◽  
Maria Hulda Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Rosane Pereira Martins ◽  
Nilson Dos Santos Loiola

Estudar a natimortalidade é importante por avaliar a vida intra-uterina e refletir possíveis agravos ocorridos na gestação. Objetivou-se estudar os fatores de riscos associados à natimortalidade ocorrida no Hospital Materno Infantil de Barra do Corda - MA de 2017 à 2018. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada em bases indexadas. Demais dados foram obtidos nos prontuários de atendimento do hospital e tabulados nos softwares Excel e BioEstat 5.0. Evidenciou-se que o preenchimento dos prontuários de atendimento ocorreu de forma deficiente, principalmente com relação ao pré-natal e às informações sociodemográficas. Dentre os 70 casos analisados 28 ocorreram entre indígenas, a idade gestacional média dos conceptos foi de 34,6 semanas e houve um maior número de casos em gestantes com 21 anos. Concluiu-se que há a necessidade de rever os procedimentos de atendimento, bem como intensificar as ações de realização e acompanhamento pré-natal, principalmente nas áreas indígenas.Descritores: Morte Fetal, Fatores de Risco, Epidemiologia. Natimortality at the children’s maternal hospital of Barra do Corda-MAAbstract: Studying perinatal mortality is important because it evaluates intrauterine life and reflects possible problems occurring during the pregnancy. The objective of this study was to study the risk factors associated with perinatal mortality occurred at the Barra do Corda Maternal and Child Hospital - MA from 2017 to 2018. The bibliographic research was performed in indexed databases. Other data were obtained from the hospital's medical records and tabulated in Excel and BioEstat 5.0 software. It was evidenced that the filling of the medical records occurred in a poorly way, especially regarding prenatal care and sociodemographic information. Among the 70 cases analyzed 28 occurred among indigenous, the average gestational age of the concepts was 34.6 weeks and there was a higher number of cases in 21-year-old pregnant women. It was concluded that there is a need to review the care procedures, as well as intensify the actions of prenatal care and monitoring, especially in indigenous areas.Descriptors: Fetal Death, Risk Factors, Epidemiology. Natimortalidad en el hospital materno infantil Barra do Corda-MAResumen: Estudiar la muerte fetal es importante porque evalúa la vida intrauterina y refleja los posibles problemas que ocurren durante el embarazo. El objetivo de este estudio fue estudiar los factores de riesgo asociados con la muerte fetal ocurridos en el Hospital Materno Infantil Barra do Corda - MA de 2017 a 2018. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en bases de datos indexadas. Otros datos se obtuvieron de los registros de atención hospitalaria y se tabularon en el software Excel y BioEstat 5.0. Se evidenció que el llenado de los registros médicos se produjo de manera deficiente, especialmente con respecto a la atención prenatal y la información sociodemográfica. Entre los 70 casos analizados, 28 ocurrieron entre mujeres indígenas, la edad gestacional promedio de la descendencia fue de 34.6 semanas y hubo un mayor número de casos en mujeres embarazadas de 21 años. Se concluyó que es necesario revisar los procedimientos de atención, así como intensificar las acciones de atención prenatal y monitoreo, especialmente en áreas indígenas.Descriptores: Muerte Fetal, Factores de Riesgo, Epidemiologia.

1998 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 1852-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Maria Auxiliadora de Aquino ◽  
José Guilherme Cecatti ◽  
Coríntio Mariani Neto

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors associated to fetal death in a Brazilian population. DESIGN: A case control study. SETTING: The Hospital Maternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros in São Paulo. PARTICIPANTS:122 pregnant women with diagnosis of fetal death and gestation age of 20 or more weeks and 244 controls of pregnant women who delivered liveborns. VARIABLES STUDIED: The fetal death (dependent variable), independent variable (the social demographic factors, clinical and obstetrical history, prenatal care indicators and pathological conditions). RESULTS: The risk factors associated to fetal death were abruptio placentae, syphilis, few prenatal care visits, one or more previous stillbirths, hospitalization during pregnancy, diabetes, age above or equal to 25 years, hypertension during pregnancy, anemia and age below 20 years. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the current study might be useful to orientate a primary prevention health program, specially those concerning antenatal care.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 928
Author(s):  
Takuya Okugawa ◽  
Tadayuki Oshima ◽  
Keisuke Nakai ◽  
Hirotsugu Eda ◽  
Akio Tamura ◽  
...  

Background: The frequency of delayed bleeding after colorectal polypectomy has been reported as 0.6–2.8%. With the increasing performance of polypectomy under continuous use of antithrombotic agents, care is required regarding delayed post-polypectomy bleeding (DPPB). Better instruction to educate endoscopists is therefore needed. We aimed to evaluate the effect of instruction and factors associated with delayed bleeding after endoscopic colorectal polyp resection. Methods: This single-center, retrospective study was performed to assess instruction in checking complete hemostasis and risk factors for onset of DPPB. The incidence of delayed bleeding, comorbidities, and medications were evaluated from medical records. Characteristics of historical control patients and patients after instruction were compared. Results: A total of 3318 polyps in 1002 patients were evaluated. The control group comprised 1479 polyps in 458 patients and the after-instruction group comprised 1839 polyps in 544 patients. DPPB occurred in 1.1% of polyps in control, and 0.4% in after-instruction. Instruction significantly decreased delayed bleeding, particularly in cases with antithrombotic agents. Hot polypectomy, clip placement, and use of antithrombotic agents were significant independent risk factors for DPPB even after instruction. Conclusion: The rate of delayed bleeding significantly decreased after instruction to check for complete hemostasis. Even after instruction, delayed bleeding can still occur in cases with antithrombotic agents or hot polypectomy.


2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1087-1092
Author(s):  
Stefanie Stierling ◽  
Ralf-Dieter Hilgers ◽  
Sonja Trepels-Kottek ◽  
Konrad Heimann ◽  
Thorsten Orlikowsky ◽  
...  

Objective Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a severe complication in preterm neonates. This study aims to identify risk factors and comorbidities of PH. Study Design A single-center cohort study on medical records including all preterm neonates of <30 weeks' gestational age was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Germany. The occurrence of PH served as a primary end point. Gestational age, birthweight, sex, multiple births, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), intubation, surfactant, antenatal steroids, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), amniotic infection syndrome, and persistent ductus arteriosus were studied as risk factors. Results In this study, 344 preterm neonates were included, of whom 36 suffered from PH (10.5%). The mean time of the first occurrence was the third day of life (standard deviation [SD]: 1.2). On average, the patients suffered from 1.5 incidents (SD: 0.8) of PH, of whom 50% were severe. Preterm neonates born as multiples (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1, 26.9) and those who suffered from IVH (95% CI: 2.7, 18.9) had a significantly increased risk of PH. ICSI was not an independent risk factor. Conclusion PH is significantly associated with IVH and multiple births but not with ICSI. The identification of patients at risk allows to apply prophylactic strategies of ventilation and pharmacological treatment.


Author(s):  
Olga Katherine Veintimilla Chinga ◽  
María Alicia Fernanda Ledezma Hurtado ◽  
Dadier Marrero González ◽  
Lizeet López ◽  
Hugo Loor Lino

  Las distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes pueden generar consecuencias significativas tanto maternas como fetales y neonatales, existiendo diversos factores de riesgo asociados a dicha condición. La prevalencia de las distocias es variable para cada localidad, presentándose en el 0,3 % a de los casos. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los principales factores de riesgo que se asocian a distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes primíparas atendidas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, con 250 embarazadas atendidas en el periodo de enero 2018 a diciembre 2019. Las distocias de los mecanismos del parto en primíparas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos se presentaron con más frecuencia en las edades entre los 20 y 34 años, con grado de instrucción secundaria, y de zonas rurales. Los principales factores de riesgos modificables asociados a distocias fueron los controles prenatales insuficientes, sobrepeso y obesidad de las gestantes; además de ganancia de peso inadecuada durante el embarazo, bajo peso fetal, duración prolongada de la primera fase del trabajo de parto e inducción del mismo. Los factores de riesgos no modificables identificados fueron la presentación de cara, estrechez pélvica, malformaciones uterinas, hipertensión arterial como enfermedad crónica asociada, talla materna menor a 140 cm y parto prolongado de más de 20 horas. Las complicaciones maternas tuvieron una alta incidencia y dentro de ellas, las cesáreas fueron las más frecuentes, mientras que el distress respiratorio fue la complicación neonatal más presentada.   Palabras clave: Distocia, factores de riesgo, peso elevado, malformaciones uterinas, complicaciones.   Abstract Dystocia of the delivery mechanism in pregnant women can generate significant maternal, fetal and neonatal consequences, with various risk factors associated with this condition. The prevalence of dystocia is variable for each locality, occurring in 0.3% of cases. In this sense, the objective of this study was to determine the main risk factors associated with dystocia in the delivery mechanism in primiparous pregnant women treated at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda Hospital. A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out, with 250 pregnant women seen in the period from January 2018 to December 2019. Dystocia of the labor mechanisms in primiparous women at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Hospital occurred more frequently in the ages between 20 and 34 years old, with a secondary education degree, and from rural areas. The main modifiable risk factors associated with dystocia were insufficient prenatal care, overweight and obesity in pregnant women; as well as inadequate weight gain during pregnancy, low fetal weight, prolonged duration of the first phase of labor and its induction. The non-modifiable risk factors identified were face presentation, pelvic narrowing, uterine malformations, arterial hypertension as an associated chronic disease, maternal height less than 140 cm and prolonged labor of more than 20 hours. Maternal complications had a high incidence and within them, caesarean sections were the most frequent, while respiratory distress was the most common neonatal complication.   Keywords: Dystocia, risk factors, high weight, uterine malformations, complications.


Author(s):  
Erwin Chiquete ◽  
Jesus Alegre-Díaz ◽  
Ana Ochoa-Guzmán ◽  
Liz Nicole Toapanta-Yanchapaxi ◽  
Carlos González-Carballo ◽  
...  

IntroductionPatients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Risk factors associated with death vary among countries with different ethnic backgrounds. We aimed to describe the factors associated with death in Mexicans with confirmed COVID-19.Material and methodsWe analysed the Mexican Ministry of Health’s official database on people tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection by real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (rtRT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal fluids. Bivariate analyses were performed to select characteristics potentially associated with death, to integrate a Cox-proportional hazards model.ResultsAs of May 18, 2020, a total of 177,133 persons (90,586 men and 86,551 women) in Mexico received rtRT-PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2. There were 5332 deaths among the 51,633 rtRT-PCR-confirmed cases (10.33%, 95% CI: 10.07–10.59%). The median time (interquartile range, IQR) from symptoms onset to death was nine days (5–13 days), and from hospital admission to death 4 days (2–8 days). The analysis by age groups revealed that the significant risk of death started gradually at the age of 40 years. Independent death risk factors were obesity, hypertension, male sex, indigenous ethnicity, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, immunosuppression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, age > 40 years, and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Only 1959 (3.8%) cases received IVM, of whom 1893 were admitted to the intensive care unit (96.6% of those who received IMV).ConclusionsIn Mexico, highly prevalent chronic diseases are risk factors for death among persons with COVID-19. Indigenous ethnicity is a poorly studied factor that needs more investigation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Contag ◽  
Rahel Nardos ◽  
Irina A. Buhimschi ◽  
Jennifer Almanza

Abstract Background Somali women deliver at greater gestational age with limited information on the associated perinatal mortality. Our objective is to compare perinatal mortality among Somali women with the population rates. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study from all births that occurred in Minnesota between 2011 and 2017. Information was obtained from certificates of birth, and neonatal and fetal death. Data was abstracted from 470,550 non-anomalous births ≥37 and ≤ 42 weeks of gestation. The study population included U.S. born White, U.S. born Black, women born in Somalia or self-identified as Somali, and women who identified as Hispanic regardless of place of birth (377,426). We excluded births < 37 weeks and > 42 weeks, > 1 fetus, age < 18 or > 45 years, or women of other ethnicities. The exposure was documented ethnicity or place of birth, and the outcomes were live birth, fetal death, neonatal death prior to 28 days, and perinatal mortality rates. These were calculated using binomial proportions with 95% confidence intervals and compared using odds ratios adjusted (aOR) for diabetes, hypertension and maternal body mass index. Results The aOR [95%CI] for stillbirth rate in the Somali cohort was greater than for U.S. born White (2.05 [1.49–2.83]) and Hispanic women (1.90 [1.30–2.79]), but similar to U.S. born Black women (0.88 [0.57–1.34]). Neonatal death rates were greater than for U.S. born White (1.84 [1.36–2.48], U.S. born Black women (1.47 [1.04–2.06]) and Hispanic women (1.47 [1.05–2.06]). This did not change after analysis was restricted to those with spontaneous onset of labor. When analyzed by week, at 42 weeks Somali aOR for neonatal death was the same as for U.S. born White women, but compared against U.S. born Black and Hispanic women, was significantly lower. Conclusions The later mean gestational age at delivery among women of Somali ethnicity is associated with greater overall risk for stillbirth and neonatal death rates at term, except compared against U.S. born Black women with whom stillbirth rates were not different. At 42 weeks, Somali neonatal mortality decreased and was comparable to that of the U.S. born White population and was lower than that of the other minorities.


2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110504
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Yoon ◽  
Ok-Hee Cho

Pressure injuries (PIs) are one of the most important and frequent complications in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or those with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of PIs in patients with TBI admitted to the ICU. In this retrospective study, the medical records of 237 patients with TBI admitted to the trauma ICU of a university hospital were examined. Demographic, trauma-related, and treatment-related characteristics of all the patients were evaluated from their records. The incidence of PIs was 13.9%, while the main risk factors were a higher injury severity score, use of mechanical ventilation, vasopressor infusion, lower Braden Scale score, fever, and period of enteral feeding. This study advances the nursing practice in the ICU by predicting the development of PIs and their characteristics in patients with TBI.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-118
Author(s):  
Tália Lorenzo Silva ◽  
Karla Biancha Silva de Andrade ◽  
Daniel Gomes de Sousa ◽  
Andrezza Serpa Franco ◽  
Ana Lucia Cascardo Marins ◽  
...  

Objective: To identify the risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and discuss the nursing care from the perspective of good practices in order to minimize it. Method: Cross-sectional, retrospective, quantitative study carried out from January to December 2015, using documentary analysis through medical records. Results: Eighty-seven medical records were selected. The male sex prevailed with 67.8% (59), with a mean age of 58.8 ± 10.4. It was seen that 6 patients (6.8%) used contrast injections between 100 ml or more and 32 (36.8%) presented alterations in hematocrit values. Concerning the risk for nephropathy, 24 (27.6%) presented moderate to very high risk. Conclusion: Risk factors for CIN are common in patients who undergo PTCA. Thus, discussing nursing care that can collaborate in the identification and prevention of kidney injury is strategic and contributes to good practices. Objetivo: Identificar factores de riesgo para nefropatía inducida por contraste (NIC) en pacientes sometidos al procedimiento de angioplastia coronaria transluminal percutánea (ACTP) y discutir los cuidados de enfermería en la perspectiva de las buenas prácticas para minimizarla. Método: Estudio transversal, retrospectivo, cuantitativo, realizado de enero a diciembre de 2015, utilizando análisis documental mediante registros médicos. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 87 registros. El sexo masculino prevaleció con el 67,8% (59), con un promedio de edad de 58,8 ± 10,4. Se notó que 6 (6,8%) utilizaron inyecciones de contraste entre 100 ml o más y 32 (36,8%) presentaron cambios en los valores de hematocrito. Sobre el riesgo para nefropatía, 24 (27,6%) presentaron de moderado a altísimo. Conclusión: Factores de riesgo para NIC son frecuentes en pacientes que realizan ACTP. Así, discutir cuidados de enfermería que puedan colaborar en la identificación y prevención del problema renal es estratégico y contribuye a buenas prácticas. Objetivo: Identificar os fatores de risco para nefropatia induzida por contraste (NIC) nos pacientes que se submeteram ao procedimento de angioplastia coronária transluminal percutânea (ACTP) e discutir os cuidados de enfermagem na perspectiva das boas práticas para minimizá-la. Método: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, quantitativo, realizado de janeiro a dezembro de 2015, que utilizou análise documental através de prontuários. Resultados: foram selecionados 87 prontuários. O sexo masculino prevaleceu com 67,8% (59), com uma média de idade de 58,8 ±10,4. Verificou-se que 6 pacientes (6,8%) utilizaram injeções de contraste entre 100 ml ou mais e 32 (36,8%) apresentaram alterações nos valores de hematócrito. Quanto ao risco para nefropatia, 24 (27,6%) apresentaram de moderado a altíssimo. Conclusão: Fatores de risco para NIC são frequentes nos pacientes que realizam ACTP. Assim, discutir cuidados de enfermagem que possam colaborar na identificação e prevenção da injúria renal é estratégico e contribui para boas práticas.


2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Lissette Messana ◽  
◽  
Ivette Castillo ◽  
Yaite Hernández ◽  
Niurka Manresa ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayami Martínez Sosa ◽  
Oswaldo Vásconez Hatt ◽  
Katherine Rosero Arboleda ◽  
Fabian Zurita Alvarado ◽  
Mónica Hernández Lojano ◽  
...  

By the ending of 2019 a new type of coronavirus was identified named SARS-CoV 2, and now known to be the etiological agent of the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Known as coronavirus 2019 disease or (COVID-19) constitutes a challenge for the world in many unknown aspects and problems in public health. In Ecuador the first reported of a confirmed appeared on February 29 2020, and in March 12 an emergency health status is declared. Objective: To determine the epidemiological characteristics and factors related to death and survival in patients with COVID-19. Design: The study is of transversal retrospective design, the patients chosen were those seen in the respiratory or suspicious of COVID-19 area of Hospital Vozandes Quito between March 2 and April 30. Demographic data and related risk factors for mortality were obtained using the EPI-1 individual form, epidemiological research files, the VI Epi system and electronic promptuary of patients. Results: 250 patients were obtained for this study, 87 of those were confirmed COVID-19, out those eight died and 79 were alive at the ending of the follow up. Regarding the severity of illness, 61% of the patients were classified as mild and 6 % critical (p =<0.001). Elevated values of CRP (OR 1 IC 95% 1.000 – 1.024), age about 55 years old to diagnosis (OR 42,040 IC 95% 36,320 – 47,760) and the presence of hiporexia (OR 24 IC 95% 1.183 – 504.413) were associated with higher mortality levels amongst COVID-19 positive patients. Conclusions The majority of COVID-19 cases showed no serious manifestations, were treated symptomatically and home isolation. Elevated values of CRP and the presence of hiporexia at the diagnosis are factors consistently with death. Future investigations are required to determine the risk factors associated with worst clinical course and prognosis.


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