scholarly journals Sesquiterpene lactones – occurrence and biological properties. A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
KATARZYNA OLESIŃSKA
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Carbon Pathways

Sesquiterpene lactones are secondary metabolites commonly found in higher plants as well as mosses, lichens, and fungi. Currently, over 5000 of such compounds have been identified with a majority isolated from Asteraceae plants. They are characterised by different chemical structures associated with the presence of various carbon pathways and functional groups, which exert an impact on their pharmacological activity. These colourless substances are soluble in fats, alcohols, or water. They are often bitter ingredients regarded as bitter compounds. They are accumulated mainly in leaves, flower parts and seeds; less frequently, they are present in roots. Sesquiterpene lactones exhibit multidirectional biological activity: some of them have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, antiparasitic, antifungal, and bacteriostatic effects. Therefore, high hopes are placed on the medical and pharmaceutical use of these substances. Lactone compounds are also regarded as a potential source of new active substances used in agriculture to combat plant pathogens

Bioprospecting Cryptogams as Potential Source of Unique Biodynamic Phytochemicals with Diverse Pharmaceutical Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brahma N. Singh ◽  
Garima Pandey ◽  
Prateeksha ◽  
J. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Structures

With the advent of green pharmaceuticals, the secondary metabolites derived from plants have provided numerous leads for the development of a wide range of therapeutic drugs; however the discovery of new drugs with novel structures has declined in the past few years. Cryptogams including lichens, bryophytes, and pteridophytes represent a group of small terrestrial plants that remain relatively untouched in the drug discovery process though some have been used as ethnomedicines by various tribes worldwide. Studies of their secondary metabolites are recent but reveal unique secondary metabolites which are not synthesized by higher plants. These compounds can have the potential to develop more potential herbal drugs for prevention and treatment of diseases The present article . deals with the secondary metabolites and pharmacological activities of cryptogams with an objective to bring them forth as potential source of biodynamic compounds of therapeutic value.

scholarly journals Biological activity of 7beta-acetoxywithanolide D isolated from Acnistus arborescens

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2835
Author(s):  
Joze Aparecida Marciano Corrêa ◽  
Diana Fortkamp ◽  
Camila Furtunato da Silva ◽  
Flávio Rocha ◽  
Luiz Humberto Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Pathogen Control ◽  
Solanaceae Family ◽  
Promising Source

Many oomycete species are plant pathogens and are responsible for causing significant losses in agriculture. Currently, plant pathogen control is carried out by chemical, biological and physical methods. However, due to the development of resistance to these methods by some pathogens, it is imperative that alternative methods are developed. Brazilian biodiversity is well-known for its species richness and is considered a promising source of natural products. Among the vascular plants, the family Solanaceae A. Juss. (Solanaceae) is considered one of the largest, with distributions across all tropical and temperate regions of the world. The Solanaceae family presents a high diversity of species of economic importance as sources of food, medicinal and ornamental properties. Plants of this family are sources of secondary metabolites of various chemical classes that possess potential diverse applications. Therefore, chemical and biological investigations of these compounds are extremely important as they present alternatives for their potential use in the control of plant pathogens. Here, we report for the first time, the biological activity of 7beta-acetoxywithanolide D, a compound isolated from Acnistus arborescens, against the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi. With these results, we emphasize the importance of such studies on plant secondary metabolites, which may present coadjuvant options in the control of plant pathogens.

scholarly journals Novel Approach to Classify Plants Based on Metabolite-Content Similarity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Azian Azamimi Abdullah ◽  
Ming Huang ◽  
Takaaki Nishioka ◽  
Md. Altaf-Ul-Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Network Clustering ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Content Similarity ◽  
Metabolite Content

Secondary metabolites are bioactive substances with diverse chemical structures. Depending on the ecological environment within which they are living, higher plants use different combinations of secondary metabolites for adaptation (e.g., defense against attacks by herbivores or pathogenic microbes). This suggests that the similarity in metabolite content is applicable to assess phylogenic similarity of higher plants. However, such a chemical taxonomic approach has limitations of incomplete metabolomics data. We propose an approach for successfully classifying 216 plants based on their known incomplete metabolite content. Structurally similar metabolites have been clustered using the network clustering algorithm DPClus. Plants have been represented as binary vectors, implying relations with structurally similar metabolite groups, and classified using Ward’s method of hierarchical clustering. Despite incomplete data, the resulting plant clusters are consistent with the known evolutional relations of plants. This finding reveals the significance of metabolite content as a taxonomic marker. We also discuss the predictive power of metabolite content in exploring nutritional and medicinal properties in plants. As a byproduct of our analysis, we could predict some currently unknown species-metabolite relations.

scholarly journals Recent Advances of Biologically Active Substances from the Marchantiophyta

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Asakawa
Keyword(s):  
Contact Dermatitis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Dna Polymerase Β ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Active Substances

The Marchantiophyta (liverworts) produce a number of terpenoids, aromatic compounds and acetogenins, several of which show interesting biological properties, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, allergenic contact dermatitis, insecticide, insect antifeedant, cytotoxic, piscicidal, muscle relaxing, plant growth regulatory, anti-HIV and DNA polymerase β inhibitory, anti-obesity and neurotrophic activities. The isolation and chemical structures of the active compounds are discussed.

Biologically active secondary metabolites from Actinomycetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Solecka ◽  
Joanna Zajko ◽  
Magdalena Postek ◽  
Aleksandra Rajnisz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Genus Streptomyces ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Potential Source

AbstractSecondary metabolites obtained from Actinomycetales provide a potential source of many novel compounds with antibacterial, antitumour, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic and other properties. The majority of these compounds are widely used as medicines for combating multidrug-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Members of the genus Streptomyces are profile producers of previously-known secondary metabolites. Actinomycetes have been isolated from terrestrial soils, from the rhizospheres of plant roots, and recently from marine sediments. This review demonstrates the diversity of secondary metabolites produced by actinomycete strains with respect to their chemical structure, biological activity and origin. On the basis of this diversity, this review concludes that the discovery of new bioactive compounds will continue to pose a great challenge for scientists.

Chemical diversity and bioactivity of marine sponges of the genus Oceanapia: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisham S. Singh ◽  
Supriya Tilvi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Acetylenic Acids

: The marine sponges of the genus Oceanapia sp. is comprised of more than 50 species and are distributed in the seas around the tropical and subtropical regions. They are mainly found in the northern Indian oceans, Japan, and the south pacific coast. They are highly colored and known to be a rich source of various secondary metabolites, particularly, alkaloids. Several other secondary metabolites were also reported from this genus which include terpenes, sphingolipids, ceramides, cerebrosides, acetylenic acids, and thiocyanatins, etc. Many of these compounds isolated from this genus exhibited various biological properties including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-HIV, ichthyotoxicity and nematocidal activities. Although several secondary metabolites have been reported from this genus, a dedicated review of the chemicals and biological activities of this genus is so far lacking. Keeping this in mind this review describes the various chemical entities isolated from the sponges of the genus Oceanapia detailing their chemical structures along with their reported biological properties.

Bioprospecting Cryptogams as Potential Source of Unique Biodynamic Phytochemicals with Diverse Pharmaceutical Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brahma N. Singh ◽  
Garima Pandey ◽  
Prateeksha . ◽  
J. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Structures

<p>With the advent of green pharmaceuticals, the secondary metabolites derived from plants have provided numerous leads for the<br />development of a wide range of therapeutic drugs; however the discovery of new drugs with novel structures has declined in the past few<br />years. Cryptogams including lichens, bryophytes, and pteridophytes represent a group of small terrestrial plants that remain relatively<br />untouched in the drug discovery process though some have been used as ethnomedicines by various tribes worldwide. Studies of their<br />secondary metabolites are recent but reveal unique secondary metabolites which are not synthesized by higher plants. These compounds<br />can have the potential to develop more potential herbal drugs for prevention and treatment of diseases The present article . deals with the<br />secondary metabolites and pharmacological activities of cryptogams with an objective to bring them forth as potential source of<br />biodynamic compounds of therapeutic value.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><span>DOI: </span><a id="pub-id::doi" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.21756/cba.v1i1.10958">http://dx.doi.org/10.21756/cba.v1i1.10958</a></p>

scholarly journals Taxonomic Insights and Its Type Cyclization Correlation of VolaTile Sesquiterpenes in Vitex Species and Potential Source Insecticidal Compounds: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6405
Author(s):  
Ighor C. Barreto ◽  
Anderson S. de de Almeida ◽  
José G. Sena Sena Filho
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Insecticidal Compounds ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

Sesquiterpenes (SS) are secondary metabolites formed by the bonding of 3 isoprene (C5) units. They play an important role in the defense and signaling of plants to adapt to the environment, face stress, and communicate with the outside world, and their evolutionary history is closely related to their physiological functions. This review considers their presence and extensively summarizes the 156 sesquiterpenes identified in Vitex taxa, emphasizing those with higher concentrations and frequency among species and correlating with the insecticidal activities and defensive responses reported in the literature. In addition, we classify the SS based on their chemical structures and addresses cyclization in biosynthetic origin. Most relevant sesquiterpenes of the Vitex genus are derived from the germacredienyl cation mainly via bicyclogermacrene and germacrene C, giving rise to aromadrendanes, a skeleton with the highest number of representative compounds in this genus, and 6,9-guaiadiene, respectively, indicating the production of 1.10-cyclizing sesquiterpene synthases. These enzymes can play an important role in the chemosystematics of the genus from their corresponding routes and cyclizations, constituting a new approach to chemotaxonomy. In conclusion, this review is a compilation of detailed information on the profile of sesquiterpene in the Vitex genus and, thus, points to new unexplored horizons for future research.

scholarly journals Biological Activity of Naturally Derived Naphthyridines

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4324
Author(s):  
Gabriela Chabowska ◽  
Ewa Barg ◽  
Anna Wójcicka
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Terrestrial Environments

Marine and terrestrial environments are rich sources of various bioactive substances, which have been used by humans since prehistoric times. Nowadays, due to advances in chemical sciences, new substances are still discovered, and their chemical structures and biological properties are constantly explored. Drugs obtained from natural sources are used commonly in medicine, particularly in cancer and infectious diseases treatment. Naphthyridines, isolated mainly from marine organisms and terrestrial plants, represent prominent examples of naturally derived agents. They are a class of heterocyclic compounds containing a fused system of two pyridine rings, possessing six isomers depending on the nitrogen atom’s location. In this review, biological activity of naphthyridines obtained from various natural sources was summarized. According to previous studies, the naphthyridine alkaloids displayed multiple activities, i.a., antiinfectious, anticancer, neurological, psychotropic, affecting cardiovascular system, and immune response. Their wide range of activity makes them a fascinating object of research with prospects for use in therapeutic purposes.

Phytochemical Study and Biological Activity of Three Fern Species of the Asplenium Genus Growing in Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venelin Petkov ◽  
Iva Slavova ◽  
Desislava Teneva ◽  
Tzvetelina Mladenova ◽  
Plamen Stoyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Phytochemical Study

Background: Ferns are underestimated as medicinal plants, and their use in traditional medicine is limited despite their diversity. Most of the research on their healing properties and phytochemical composition related to their biological activity has been focused on the secondary metabolites synthesized by ferns. Objective: In this study, we aimed to make an in-depth chemical characterization of three ferns widely spread in Bulgaria – Asplenium ceterach L., Asplenium scolopendrium L., and Asplenium trichomanes L. Methods: Micro elemental analysis was carried out using ICP-MS. Standard laboratory methods were used to determine the content of proteins, fats, and fatty acids. Chromatographic methods were applied to quantify some secondary metabolites. Two antioxidant methods and two antimicrobial tests were used to evaluate the biological properties of the ferns tested. Results: Micro elemental analysis showed that these ferns could be a useful source of zinc and iron. Protein content slightly varied among the species (13.6% – 18.4% of the dried plant weight). Thevariation in oil content was negligible (3.1% – 4.0%, dry weight base); oil composition was dominated by saturated fatty acids. Some principal classes of secondary metabolites, individual phenolic acids, and flavonoids were quantified. The extract obtained from Asplenium ceterach L. demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity. Fern extracts showed moderate antimicrobial activity against six of the 14 microorganisms tested. Conclusion: The results obtained may reveal new areas of application for ferns and are a solid basis for comparison with the same species growing in other geographical and climatic conditions, which may affect their healing properties.

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