Effects of Overt Verbalization of Information before and after Instance Selection on Concept Attainment

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
James D. McKinney
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Instance Selection ◽  
Concept Attainment ◽  
Conjunctive Concept ◽  
Sex Type ◽  
Random Form ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ordered Array

60 undergraduate students solved four conjunctive concept attainment problems. The experimental design varied sex, type of array, and type of verbalization. The stimulus arrays were either in ordered or random form, and Ss were instructed to either verbalize the information they expected to gain prior to a card choice, the information they obtained from their card choice, or were given no verbalization instructions. Under the ordered array, males who verbalized after instance selection showed better performance than those who verbalized prior to instance selection. When the stimuli were randomly arranged, males who verbalized before instance selection were superior to those who verbalized after instance selection. Both verbalization procedures facilitated the performance of females under the ordered array; however, when the stimuli were randomly arranged, verbalization either interfered with or had no effect on performance.

scholarly journals KOMIK SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN STATISTIKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Edwin Adrianta Surijah ◽  
I Made Feby Anggara ◽  
Kadek Indah Yanti ◽  
Ni Luh Wahyu Santika Sari ◽  
Listiyani Dewi Hartika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Learning Tool ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Learning Experiment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conventional Material

Statistics as a tool in Psychology often being considered as difficult by students. This research aimed to examine effectiveness of comic as learning tool to improve Statistics achievement. Participants of this research were thirty undergraduate students and divided into three groups, Experiment (receive Statistics comic as treatment), Control (no treatment), and Comparison (receive conventional material). The effectiveness of comic were showed in changes in Statistics achievement test results (between group experimental design). The result showed significant changes on each group before and after learning. Experiment Group exhibited most impactful change that evidenced can improve students’ achievement in Statistics.

PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR BAYI UMUR 0 – 3 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SOSIAL PALEMBANG TAHUN 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Infant Massage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRAK Tidur merupakan kebutuhan yang harus terpenuhi terutama pada fase perkembangan karena selama tidur akan terjadi perkembangan otak maupun tubuh, sehingga gangguan tidur merupakan masalah yang akan menimbulkan dampak buruk terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi. Kualitas tidur bayi yang baik dapat diciptakan dengan memberikan pemijatan bayi secara rutin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemijatan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur bayi umur 0-3 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Quasy Eksperimental dengan metode One Group Pretest-Postest. Sampel 22 bayi yang dipilih dengan tehnik Total Sampling yang di observasi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pemijatan. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas tidur bayi 0-3 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap kualitas tidur bayi umur 0-3 bulan (p value  0,008 < α = 0,05).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disarankan agar keluarga dan masyarakat memberikan pemijatan secara rutin dan mandiri untuk meningkatkan kebutuhan tidur bayi yang berkualitas.   ABSTRACT Sleep is a human necessity that must be met, especially in the development phase because during sleep will occur the brain and body developments, so that sleep disturbance is a problem that would cause adverse effects on infants’ growth and development. The good quality of sleep can be created by providing the infants massage routinely. This study aimed to prove that the massage could affect the quality of sleep on the 0-3 months old baby. This study used Quasy-experimental design with One Group Pretest-Posttest. The sample 22 infants selected by total sampling technique observed on before and after the massage. The variables measured in this study are the quality of sleep. The results of study indicate that there is an effect of infant massage to the sleep quality on 0-3 months old babies (p value 0,008 < α = 0,05).Based on the results of this study it recommended for the families and communities to provide infant massage regularly and independently to increase the quality of sleep on the baby.  

College Student Commitment and Outdoor Orientation Programming

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-316
Author(s):  
Curt Davidson ◽  
Alan Ewert
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Life ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Reactivity Study ◽  
Outdoor Orientation

Background: Increasingly colleges and universities are utilizing Outdoor Orientation Programs (OOPs) to help incoming students assimilate into college life. These programs have shown promise in recent analyses for enhancing desired outcomes with particular consideration shown to pro-social behavior and retention outcomes. Purpose: To examine how effective OOPs are in preparing students for a successful college student experience, particularly with variables known to influence student success and commitment to college. Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from four universities across the United States. Participants in this study were 205 undergraduate students from 17 to 25 years old who self-enrolled in their respective institutions OOP. This study used the College Student Readiness Inventory to generate a hypothesis concerning the possible effects of an OOP experience concerning predictive and outcomes variables relative to college student commitment. Findings/Conclusions: Using SmartPLS, the main effects of the OOP indicated predictive relationships between Commitment to College and Goal Striving, Communication Skills, Social Activity, Emotional Reactivity, Study Skills, and Social Connection. Academic Self-Discipline, Academic Self-Confidence, and Self-Determination on Commitment to College. Implications: Study findings suggest specific connections between predicting college student commitment before and after an OOP.

scholarly journals Eficácia da simulação na autoconfiança de estudantes de enfermagem para ressuscitação cardiopulmonar extra-hospitalar: um estudo quase experimental

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 32694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genesis Souza Barbosa ◽  
Caio Guilherme Silva Bias ◽  
Lorene Soares Agostinho ◽  
Luciana Maria Capurro de Queiroz Oberg ◽  
Rafael Oliveira Pitta Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
The Self ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Confidence Scale

AIMS: To verify the effectiveness of the simulation in the self-confidence of nursing students for extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, before and after, single-group study, was performed with nursing undergraduate students. The sample was recruited among university students who were in the second or third year of graduation and accepted to participate in the research. The intervention protocol consisted of individual participation in a emergency simulated clinical scenario. The simulated scenario adopted consisted of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in extra-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest, using the Mini Anne Plus® low fidelity manikin. In addition to the sociodemographic variables, students' self-confidence for emergency action was analyzed, evaluated by the Self-Confidence Scale, before and after each simulation. Marginal and homogeneous Wilcoxon homogeneity tests were applied, and the accepted significance level was 5%.RESULTS: Thirteen two undergraduate students in nursing between the ages of 18 and 38 participated in the study. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed in the answers of all the questions of the Self-confidence Scale when compared before and after the simulation. There was also a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) in cardiological, respiratory and neurological scores after simulation.CONCLUSIONS: The simulation proved to be an effective educational strategy in increasing the self-confidence of nursing students to perform extra-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

scholarly journals Teaching Process Skills to Pre-Engineers using Situated Learning – A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Maher ◽  
Janelle M. Bailey ◽  
Allan M. Tucka
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Situated Learning ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Physics Students ◽  
The Public ◽  
Two Year College ◽  
Before And After ◽  
K 12

In this case study, undergraduate students presented physics concepts to patrons at a planetarium. This created an early opportunity for these pre-professionals to practice the process skill of oral communication to a lay audience. The case study resulted from working with students participating in a grant called the da Vinci project. It reports on a situated experience pre-engineering and calculus-based physics students had working with their professor to create a brochure and present a physics concept to patrons visiting a public planetarium. Working closely with their professor, students were able to use this required professional skill in a real world (situated) context. This opportunity helped bridge the gap between these pre-professionals’ experiences in training and in their careers in STEM fields. Thirty students attending a two-year college in the Southwestern US self-selected to participate in the project. Each student participant built a kit-based model of a machine, designed an informational flyer aligned to state K-12 physical science standards, and presented informally to the public visiting a planetarium. Data were collected from the students via written reflections before and after the presentation and from email correspondence with their professor. Qualitative analyses of these reflections assessed the students’ progress toward a finished presentation. Results suggest that obstacles to public speaking fluency come from the fear of making mistakes or giving out misinformation. Opportunities to engage in informal public speaking helped overcome these obstacles. Students demonstrated increased confidence in their ability to share their knowledge with the public after undergoing guided informal speaking practice. The opportunity for students to practice public speaking during their undergraduate training can increase confidence and better prepare them for a career.

Comparison of a computer simulation program and a traditional laboratory practical class for teaching the principles of intestinal absorption.

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (6) ◽  
pp. S95 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Dewhurst ◽  
J Hardcastle ◽  
P T Hardcastle ◽  
E Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Epithelial Transport ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Student Centered Learning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Resource Requirements ◽  
Approach Working

Here we describe an evaluation of the effectiveness, compared with a traditional laboratory, of an interactive computer-assisted learning (CAL) program, which simulates a series of experiments performed using isolated, everted sacs of rat small intestine. The program is aimed at undergraduate students of physiology and is designed to offer an alternative student-centered learning approach to the traditional laboratory-based practical class. The evaluative study compared two groups of second-year undergraduate students studying a module on epithelial transport: one group worked independently using the CAL program and associated learning materials, and the other group followed a conventional practical class approach, working in the laboratory under supervision. Knowledge gain of each group was measured by means of a test consisting of a range of question types (e.g., short-answer factual, calculation, interpretation) given to students before and after the module. Student attitude to both approaches was assessed by questionnaire, and the resource requirements were also compared. It was found that the knowledge gain of both groups of students was the same, that students had a positive attitude toward using CAL programs of this type, and that the cost of the conventional laboratory-based approach was five times greater. The potential for integrating CAL programs into the undergraduate curriculum is discussed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Numbered Head Together (NHT) Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Eka Trisianawati ◽  
Tomo Djudin ◽  
Yayuk Dwi Stianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
T Test ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Rectilinear Motion ◽  
Before And After

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: 1) hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran NHT, 2) perbedaan hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran NHT, dan 3) besar efektivitas model pembelajaran NHT terhadap hasil belajar siswa dikelas X SMAN 1 Sungai Raya. Metode penelitian ialah metode eksperimen (Pre-Experimental Design) dengan One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas X IPA SMAN 1 Sungai Raya yang terdiri dari 5 kelas. Sampel penelitian ini ialah kelas X IPA5 sebagai kelas eksperimen, dengan menggunakan teknik purporsive sampling.  Instrumen untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa menggunakan tes essay. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji rata-rata, uji pair sample t-test, dan effect size.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) terdapat peningkatan skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa dari 45,0 menjadi 77,8, 2) Dari hasil analisis data menggunakan uji pair sample t-test dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan hasil belajar siswa sebelum dan setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran NHT, dan 3) Nilai Effect Size sebesar 2,2 yang termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran NHT pada materi gerak lurus berubah beraturan berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Raya. This study aims to analyze: 1) student learning outcomes before and after applying the NHT learning model, 2) differences in student learning outcomes before and after applying the NHT learning model, and 3) the effectiveness of NHT learning models on student learning outcomes in class X SMAN 1 Sungai Raya. The research method is the experimental method (Pre-Experimental Design) with One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The study population was all students of class X Science at Sungai Raya 1 State High School consisting of 5 classes. The sample of this study is class X IPA5 as an experimental class, using purposive sampling technique. Instrument to measure student learning outcomes using an essay test. Data were analyzed using an average test, pair sample t-test, and effect size. The results show that: 1) there is an increase in the average score of student learning outcomes from 45.0 to 77.8, 2) From the results of data analysis using pair sample t-test can be concluded that there are significant differences in student learning outcomes before and after applying the NHT learning model, 3) Effect Size values of 2.2 which is included in the high category. It was concluded that the application of NHT learning  model affecting the learning outcomes of class X students of  SMAN  1 Sungai Raya, of the subject matter rectilinear motion with constant acceleration.

scholarly journals TEFL and COVID-19: use of digital materials and their impact on efl learners' speaking accuracy and fluency

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3B) ◽  
pp. 729-741
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Besharati ◽  
Golnar Mazdayasna ◽  
Ali Akbar Jabbari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Digital Storytelling ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Placement Test ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Digital storytelling has been around in foreign language contexts for at least two decades and showed to be a promising technique for teaching different language skills. This study aimed at investigating the effect of using two types of digital storytelling, i.e. asynchronous and synchronous digital storytelling, on the EFL learners' speaking performance in terms of accuracy and fluency. To this end, a quasi-experimental design with an experimental and a comparison group was devised. Sixty-five intermediate EFL learners were conveniently selected based on their scores on Oxford Placement Test. The speaking module of Preliminary English Test (PET) was used to measure the participants' speaking accuracy and fluency before and after the intervention. The results of the study indicated that both groups made a significant improvement after the course. Nevertheless, the asynchronous digital storytelling group outperformed the synchronous one after the intervention.

scholarly journals Learning with Leaflet of Electronegativity (LoEN): Enhancing Students' Understanding on Electronegativity, Chemical Bonding, and Polarity

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
E. Erlina ◽  
C. Cane ◽  
D. P. Williams
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Classroom Discussion ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research has reported that many high-school and undergraduate students have difficulty explaining the relationship between polarity and electronegativity even though they may be familiar with the concept of polarity. This study aims to address these misconceptions using a leaflet and assess its effectiveness using questionnaires and concept testing.  A simple, colorful printable leaflet was produced and distributed to students in Indonesia. The Leaflet on Electronegativity (LoEN) provided students with an overview of the theoretical basis of the concepts and guidance on applying these principles. The leaflet format is cheap and easy to mass-produce, which is an important factor given the limited access to other types of appropriate learning resources in Indonesia. The leaflet formed the basis of a classroom discussion activity. Visualization is known to play an important role in constructing students' conceptual understanding, so the leaflet made extensive use of diagrams to explain relevant concepts. The leaflet was printed in full color to make it visually appealing and facilitate student learning. Students were tested before and after learning with the LoEN. A Paired-sample t-test using SPSS is used to compare the pretest and posttest scores to measure the effectivity of the LoEN.A statistically significant improvement in scores (p = 0.000) was achieved, which indicates that using the LoEN in the classroom helps students understand the topic. Also, students' positive responses signify that the LoEN provides an engaging way to learn the concepts.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Web Cek Riska sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Ibu Mendeteksi Dini Risiko Tinggi Kehamilan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Martini ◽  
Irna Nursanti ◽  
Giri Widakdo
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Web Application ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Pregnancy

This study aimed to determine the effect of the risk checks web application on the knowledge of mothers to detect high risk early in pregnancy. The research design used in this study was a quasi-experimental design with one group design without control. The results showed that the mean difference before and after the intervention was 13.00, with a p-value of 0.000. In conclusion, the risk check web application can increase mothers' knowledge to detect high risk early in pregnancy.   Keywords: Web Application, High-Risk Pregnancy

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