scholarly journals Transdermal Patches for Delivery of Beta-Blockers

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
S. Rohaľová ◽  
M. Guman ◽  
T. Wolaschka
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Dissolution Test ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Folding Endurance

Abstract Transdermal matrices containing 1.258 mg/cm2 of propranolol and consisting of ethylcellulose (EC), castor oil, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) or halloysite (HA) were prepared. They were evaluated by tests such as folding endurance, moisture content and absorption, and paddle dissolution test. Of the total amount of propranolol in the samples (20 mg), 28.41% ± 3.30% was released from the EC film after 24 hours, the addition of HA 20.94% ± 1.52% (f1 = 61.82 ± 7.70, f2 = 53.61 ± 4.25) or HPMC 36.05% ± 6.18% (f1 = 34.48 ± 8.79, f2 = 65.02 ± 5.33). The dissolution profiles of HA and HPMC films were compared with each other (f1 = 51.35 ± 12.56, f2 = 59.20 ± 9.43).

scholarly journals Development, characterization, in vitro and ex vivo evaluation of antiemetic transdermal patches of ondansetron hydrochloride and dexamethasone

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 067-078
Author(s):  
Kailash Sahu ◽  
Saman Pathan ◽  
Kapil Khatri ◽  
Neeraj Upmanyu ◽  
Satish Shilpi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Ondansetron Hydrochloride ◽  
Folding Endurance

The idea of delivering drugs through skin is old, as the use is reported back in 16th century B.C. The husk of the castor oil plant in water was placed on an aching head. Today the transdermal drug delivery is well accepted for delivering drugs to the systemic circulation. The aim of this study was to design a compound transdermal patches containing ondansetrone HCL and dexamethasone for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in case of chemotherapy and regular symptom of nausea and vomiting. In the present work, an attempt has been made to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system comprising of Ondansetron-HCl and Dexamethasone in different ratios of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymeric combinations with 15% w/v plasticizer and 5% w/v penetration enhancer were mixed with the polymer solution polymer were using solvent evaporation technique. The patches were further subjected to various characterization studies for prepared transdermal patches along with the thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, % elongation, % moisture content, % moisture uptake, % drug content, In vitro drug permeation study on Franz diffusion cells. Obtained results showed no physical-chemical incompatibility between drugs and polymers. On the basis of results obtained from, tensile strength (18±0.16), folding endurance (126 ± 1 to 68 ± 2), % moisture content (2.9±0.4), % moisture uptake, % drug content (92.41 to 98.9 %), TPEC (Transdermal Patches of Ethyl Cellulose) was selected as optimized formulation. In vitro release of the selected batch, TPEC-1 followed by zero-order and formulation showed 62.69 % drug diffusion within 10 hours. Conclusively, the patches were considered to deliver drugs safely through the skin for a longer period often.

scholarly journals The Pharmaceutical Application of Sulfoxy Amine Chitosan in Design, Development and Evaluation of Transdermal Drug Delivery of Gliclazide

2020 ◽  
pp. 145-161
Author(s):  
Jadhav Rahul Laxman ◽  
Ahire Pallavi ◽  
Yadav Adhikrao Vyankatrao ◽  
Gharge G. Varsha ◽  
Patil Manisha Vyankatrao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Factorial Designs ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Folding Endurance

Objective: The aim & objectives of this research work was to explore applicability of our previously synthesized sulfoxy amine chitosan in design, development and evaluation of transdermal drug delivery of Gliclazide. Methods: To determine the interaction between excipients used and to find out the nature of drug in the formulation, Fourier transforms infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Colorimetry (DSC) studies were performed. Gliclazide containing transdermal patch were formulated with help of Sulfoxy Amine Chitosan, HPMC, Penetration enhancer Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Glycerine by using solvent casting method.9 formulations prepared by using 32 full factorial designs the effect of formulation variable was studied on % Moisture Content, Folding endurance, % Cumulative drug release at 12 hrs.Formulated transdermal patches were evaluated for various parameters. Results: FTIR & DSC suggest study no drug & polymers interaction .All the prepared transdermal patches were found to be faint yellow in colored, flexible, uniform, smooth, and transparent. The weight of the transdermal patches for different type of formulations ranged between 12.00 ± 0.6 mg & 14.2 ± 0.52 mg. The thickness of the patches varied from 0.171 ± 0.0035 mm to 0.182 ± 0.0026 mm. The moisture content & water vapour transmission rate in the patches ranged from 2.33 to 4.55% & from 0.002246 to 0.003597 mg.cm/cm2 24hrs.XRD diffractogram revealed  pure Gliclazide exhibited characteristic high-intensity diffraction peaks & optimized formulation showed  three peaks in 2θ= 20.6 28.7 and 38.95 with very weak intensities. Optimized batch F7 showed maximum drug release 98.41%. The folding endurance was lies in between 301 and 359. Optimization study was successfully conducted using 32 factorial designs. Conclusion: We concluded that transdermal patches Gliclazide of was successfully formulated with synthesized Sulfoxy Amine Chitosan & evaluated.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch of Thiochochicoside

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Vijendra Pal Singh Rathore ◽  
Komal Tikariya ◽  
Jayanti Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Hydrophilic Polymer ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Folding Endurance

The aim of the study is to formulate and evaluate transdermal patches of Thiocholchicoside In the present study, matrix type were prepared by moulding techniques. This mode of drug delivery is more beneficial for chronic disorders such as Rheumatoid arthritis which require long term drug administration to maintain therapeutic drug concentration in plasma. Transport of drugs or compounds via skin is a complex phenomenon, which allows the passage of drugs or compounds into and across the skin. In the present work an attempt has been made to formulate and evaluate the transdermal patches of Thiocholchicoside using various blends of polymer. The polymeric combinations EC/PVP and EC/HPMC used for the formulation of transdermal patches showed good film forming property. The patches formed were thin, flexible, smooth and transparent. The weight variation tests showed less variation in weight and suggesting uniform distribution of drug and polymer over the mercury surface. The thicknesses of the transdermal patches were found to increase on increasing concentration of hydrophilic polymers like PVP and HPMC.All the patches showed good flexibility and folding endurance properties. The result suggests that the formulations with increased hydrophilic polymer concentration showed long folding endurance. The moisture content in the patches was found to be low and formulations with more hydrophilic polymer concentrations showed more percentage moisture content. The in-vitro drug release studies showed that formulations TDP2, TDP3, TDP4, and TDP5 with increased concentration of hydrophilic polymer showed rapid release. The drug content analysis showed minimum variations suggesting uniform distribution of drug.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSDERMAL PATCHES OF PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HCL

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
SAMIULLAH ◽  
SYED UMER JAN ◽  
RAHMAN GUL ◽  
SYED JALALUDIN ◽  
ASMATHULLAH
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Eucalyptus Oil ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Xrd Studies

Objective: This study was conducted to design a transdermal dosage form of pseudoephedrine HCL and to evaluate its release under controlled rates for sustained transdermal delivery of Pseudoephedrine. Methods: Transdermal patches were prepared by the casting evaporation method. Utilizing eudragit RL100. Patches were characterized by physical appearance, moisture content, thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, tensile strength and stability studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (SCA) and XRD studies. Four different permeation enhancer (Tween 20, thymus oil, castor oil and eucalyptus oil) was employed. In vitro release of drugs was done in the dissolution paddle apparatus. Release studies were performed in distilled water at 37 °C. Scanning electron microscope studies were performed before and after the drug. Results: Transdermal patches with enhancers were formulated successfully with a concentration of 1% (W/V). The patches indicated stable physicochemical characteristics. FTIR, SCA and XRD Studies showed that there were no physical and chemical interactions between excipients and drugs. Results of in vitro permeation studies showed that enhancers used in this study increased drug released. The enhancers showed faster released than no enhancer. This arrangement can be shown as Tween>Eucalyptus oil>Thymus oil and castor oil. Formulation F2 is optimized among all formulations showed an 83.3% release. Conclusion: Transdermal patches of pseudoephedrine were successfully developed by using pseudo epinephrine HCL. These patches proved to be very useful for therapeutic purposes in the pharmaceutical industry without making the patients unconscious, unlike the trivial methods of treatment.

scholarly journals The Effect of Combination of Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium Polymers to The Physical Properties of Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Ethanolic Extract Patch

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Dian Eka Ermawati ◽  
Galuh Kartikasari
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Gastric Irritation

Celery herbs (Apium graveolens L.) contain apigenin compounds (flavonoids) that are effective as antihypertensiv. Celery herbs used in the form of decoction and oral preparations have a deficiency that is voluminous and can cause gastric irritation. Patches were chosen because it can prevent gastric irritation and reduce the frequency of drug administration because the drug is delivered over the skin with a long duration. This study aimed to know the effect of variations in the ratio of the concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC sodium) polymers to the physical properties of celery herbs ethanol extract patch.This study was conducted with maceration of celery herbs using 96% ethanol and then dispersed in patch made with variations in the concentrations ratio of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3. Patches were tested for physical properties including organoleptic, pH, thickness, weight, folding endurance, and moisture content. Statistical analysis of test data used One Way ANOVA and Paired Samples T Test.The results of statistical analysis showed that the increase concentrations ratio of CMC sodium polymer in the combination of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers could increase the thickness, weight, and moisture content of celery herbs ethanol extract patch. The best patch was formula 2 with the same concentration ratio of HPMC and CMC sodium polymers because it showed the best results with a pH 6,12-6,29, thickness 1,37-1,53 mm, weighting 2,24-2,52 gram, folding endurance more than 300 times, and the moisture content was quite stable.  

scholarly journals Pengaruh Propilen Glikol dalam Patch Dispersi Padat Ketoprofen terhadap Karakteristik Fisika Kimia dan Laju Penetrasinya

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Lidya Ameliana ◽  
Haris Raudhatuzakinah Dwiputri ◽  
Dwi Nurahmanto
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Anti Inflammation

  Ketoprofen is a non steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used as analgesic and anti-inflammation. This research had been done by ketoprofen patch preparation and evaluations aiming to enhance its penetration through the skin using propylene glycol as penetration enhancer. Evaluations included homogenity testing and FTIR for ketoprofen solid dispersion and organoleptic, weight uniformity, thickness, folding endurance, surface pH, moisture content, and penetration rate assay of ketoprofen patch. Penetration rate was determined by paddle type dissolution and the sample was analyzed by spectrophotometry UV-Vis. The value of moisture content and penetration rate were analyzed by One Way ANOVA with confidence level of 95 %. The value of moisture contents were F0 1.17 ± 0.0551 %; F1 1.27 ± 0.0208 %; F2 1.33 ± 0.08 %; and F3 1.43 ± 0.0208 %. The penetration rates of ketoprofen were F0 0.5258 ± 0.0191 µg/cm2.minute; F1 0.6935 ± 0.0613 µg/cm2.minute; F1 0.6935 ± 0.0613 µg/cm2.minute; and F3 1.1260 ± 0.0850 µg/cm2.minute. It can be concluded that the formula with propylene glycol 150 mg/patch can deliver the best penetration rate and moisture content that were fullfill the requirements.   Keywords: ketoprofen, patch, propilen glikol, penetratio enhancer, solid dispersion  

scholarly journals PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF SIMVASTATIN TRANSDERMAL FILM

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Haritha V. Anod ◽  
N. Vishal Gupta ◽  
D. V. Gowda ◽  
Manohar M.
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Transdermal Film

Objective: The objective of the study was to prepare simvastatin transdermal films for the treatment of atherosclerosis and to evaluate the effect of concentration of polymer on penetration enhancement.Methods: Solvent evaporation technique was employed for the preparation of films and the prepared films were evaluated for various physicochemical properties of films such as tensile strength, thickness, surface pH, swellability, drug content, moisture content and folding endurance. In vitro drug, release study and release kinetics were also studied.Results: Tensile strength ranged from 3.56±0.343 to 4.56±0.12 (N/mm²). The films were of uniform weight. Thickness varied from 0.2±0.3 mm to 0.2±0.8 mm. Surface pH ranged from 6.6±0.14 to 6.9±0.16. Percentage swellability ranged from12.1±0.36 to 16.3±0.22. Percentage drug content ranged from 88.4±0.7% to 90.5±0.6% in all the formulation. Percentage moisture content ranged from 0.864 to 1.03%. Moisture uptake was from 2.6±0.24 to 2.9±0.072. The folding endurance test gave satisfactory results and F3 formulation showed maximum drug release.Conclusion: From the study, it was concluded that out of various formulations, the F3 formulation was found to be the optimum formulation with 88% drug release at the fourteenth hour.Keywords: Simvastatin, Transdermal film, Solvent evaporation, Penetration enhancer, Swellability

scholarly journals Production and evaluation of particleboard made of sawdust and sugarcane bagasse with polyurethane resin based on castor oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Raissa Pravatta Pivetta ◽  
Ana Laura Soler Cunha Buzo ◽  
Estéfani Suana Sugahara ◽  
Sérgio Augusto de Mello da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Sugar Cane Bagasse ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Pressing Time ◽  
Polyurethane Resin ◽  
Nominal Density

Among the goals for sustainable development in Brazil, studies have been conducted to better use of industrial and agricultural waste to promote adequate final disposal of these and generate new materials that minimize the exploitation and use of natural resources. In this work, the proposal is to make and evaluate boards with nominal density of 0.80 g.cm-3 using sugar cane bagasse, sawdust and polyurethane resin derived from castor oil. Thus, three treatments with different percentages of particles and 10% of PU-castor were proposed for the preparation of boards that were pressed with a pressure of 50 kgf.cm-2, a temperature of 100°C and a pressing time of ten minutes. The boards were evaluated for their physical properties (density, moisture content and swelling) and mechanical (static flexure and perpendicular traction) according to NBR 14810: 2-2013 and presented average values density of 936 to 937 kg.m-3, swelling after 24 hours of 5.0 to 7.2%, modulus of resistance to static bending of 22 to 23 MPa and perpendicular traction of 0.71 to 0.87 MPa. The results obtained with the tests indicate the great potential of use of sugarcane bagasse and sawdust to produce boards of high density particles.

scholarly journals Formulation and Development of Transdermal Patches of Piroxicam

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Saurabh Agrahari ◽  
Atul Sharma ◽  
Sachin Kumar ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Manoj Kumar Sagar
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
The Given

The aim of the given study was to formation as well as development of patches of piroxicam. Piroxicam basically a steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Less dosage result in the longer  duration of action which make these patches a remarkable in curing the infection for the increase of transdermal properties of the patches various batches were prepared using hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and poly vinyl pyrrolidone for best result various parameters are considered like thickness,weight are considered during various test in different batches and the last are i.e. the 6th batch comes good result batch 6th show best evaluation parameter whereas batch 7th show a 95 % release of drug there parameters including moisture content and above mention were tested and were evaluated for best possible result.      

scholarly journals FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL TRANSDERMAL FLIM FROM HIBISCUS ROSA SINENSIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
S. DHANALAKSHMI ◽  
N. HARIKRISHNAN ◽  
M. DEVI ◽  
V. KEERTHANA ◽  
VIJAYALAKSHMI
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Patch ◽  
Diffusion Study ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Diffusion Studies ◽  
In Vitro Diffusion ◽  
Present Study Attempt ◽  
Folding Endurance

Objective: In this present study attempt was made to formulate transdermal patches contains phytoconstituents. The naturopathy does not involve any adverse effects. Methods: Hibiscus rosasinensis aquous extracts was prepared. Transdermalpatches were prepared using drug with two different polymers. The prepared transdermal films were evaluated for their physiochemical characteristics such as physical appearance, weight uniformity, thickness, folding endurance; moisture content, surface pH, Tensile strength. The in-vitro diffusion study was carried out using rat membrane. These parameters indicates the successful release of drug from the fabricated patch. Results: With the overall observation it was concluded that the. Conclusion: Fabrication of transdermal patch is successfully worked and subjected to diffusion study. Diffusion studies are carried out by using a fresh rat membrane. Phosphate buffer (6.6) is used as a solvent. Samples are collected for 24 h and absorbance is measured by using UV spectrophotometer at 226 nm. It showed the successful release of drug from the fabricated patch.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document