Behavioral Strategies of the European Consumer with Impact on the Diversity of Bioresources

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Simona Nicoleta Stan ◽  
Amalia-Gianina Străteanu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Security Cooperation ◽  
European Consumer ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Eu

Abstract On the international scene, Europe expresses its views and acts concerted at an economic and political level, from trade and trade agreements to citizens’ safety and security as priority areas. Member States’ security cooperation has become routine. But the EU-27 is still the main promoter of European citizens’ food safety and security through sustained, transparent and sustainable deners, in order to combat climate change, limiting the use of bioresources conservation of genetic resource biodiversity. One of the strongest enemies of biodiversity is “poverty” and protection against it necessarily implies improving the well-being of humanity and fighting against underdevelopment.

scholarly journals The impact of climate change on European agricultural policy

European View ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Warming World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Principal Contributor ◽  
The Eu

Agriculture in the context of climate change is often a provocative subject because agriculture is both heavily impacted by the warming world and also a principal contributor to climate change. As efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions increase, the EU is pushing all sectors to integrate measures to combat climate change. This article argues that the agricultural sector has instigated a process of integrating climate concerns. However, these efforts will not lead to a large number of disruptive changes in the agricultural sector. While the EU is putting climate change firmly on the agricultural agenda, ranking the issue even higher than the environment, the Union’s primary goal is still to support the income of farmers. Hence, the EU’s intentions will likely lead to raising awareness of the issue of climate change in the context of agriculture but will not lead to any transformative changes in European agricultural policymaking.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the Emission Trading System in the EU and Italy in the 2030 Climate and Energy Framework. Brief Notes on Climate Change Litigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Eu Ets ◽  
Emission Trading System ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Polluter Pays Principle ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Eu Emissions Trading System ◽  
The Eu

The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is an important tool of the EU’s strategy to combat climate change, as it aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, according to the “polluter pays” principle. The EU ETS is more effective than environment taxation that has had little application, as it is difficult to determine the amount of tax and how it should be applied to companies and consumers [1].

scholarly journals Sostenibilidad social en la industria 4.0. Desafío para la UE-2030 = Social sustainability in industry 4.0. Challenge for the EU-2030

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Esperanza Macarena Sierra Benítez
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
The Eu

Resumen: Para 2030, el año en que la Industria 4.0 se establecerá plenamente en la sociedad europea, Europa debe superar grandes desafíos si no quiere perder esa combinación de democracia, derechos sociales y un estado avanzado de bienestar que de alguna manera se ha convertido en su marca registrada. La UE cuenta con dos ámbitos de actuación para afrontar dichos retos: el internacional (acuerdos comerciales, Alianza UE-África, Agenda 2030), y el propio ámbito de la UE (pilar europeo de derechos sociales). Entendemos que es fundamental que los acuerdos comerciales no sólo incluyan cláusulas que aseguren el cumplimiento de unos estándares determinados en materia de medio ambiente y ámbito laboral, sino que así mismo garanticen su efectividad (por ejemplo, mediante la supervisión de la OIT). Igualmente, para asegurar la efectiva aplicación del pilar europeo de derechos sociales, es necesario dotarlo de instrumentos normativos suficientes que garanticen su cumplimiento.Palabras clave: protección social, acuerdos internacionales, pilar europeo de derechos sociales, sostenibilidad social, industria 4.0.Abstract: By 2030, the year in which Industry 4.0 will be fully established in European society, Europe must overcome great challenges if it does not want to lose that combination of democracy, social rights and an advanced state of well-being that somehow has become its trademark. In order to meet these challenges, the EU can count on two lines of action: the international area (trade agreements, EUAfrica Alliance, 2030 Agenda), and the EU itself (European pillar of social rights). We understand that it is essential that trade agreements not only include clauses that ensure compliance with certain standards regarding the environment and work environment, but that also guarantee their effectiveness (for example, through ILO supervision). Likewise, to ensure the effective application of the European pillar of social rights, it is necessary to provide sufficient normative instruments to guarantee its compliance.Keywords: social protection, international agreements, European Pillar of social rights, social sustainability, Industry 4.0.

scholarly journals Social Capital and Disaster Resilience in the Ninth Ward

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9(3)) ◽  
pp. 400-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Bounce Back

The conventional wisdom in disaster management is that communities exhibiting social capital are more likely to bounce back after disaster. This paper examines the link between social capital and resilience to disasters and climate change through an examination of New Orleans’ Lower Ninth Ward neighborhood before and after Hurricane Katrina. Using archives and interviews to examine the neighborhood’s recovery, the paper finds evidence for the existence of social capital and the properties of community resilience in the Lower Ninth Ward before the storm. Social capital and resilience proved to be fragile because the neighborhood was particularly vulnerable and lacked political power. Attempts to use social capital and community resilience alone as part of a strategy to combat climate change should take into account older notions of vulnerability and political power as important ingredients in community well-being. Este artículo analiza la relación entre capital social y resiliencia ante los desastres y ante el cambio climático a través de una observación del barrio de Lower Ninth Ward de Nueva Orleans antes y después del huracán Katrina. Utilizando archivos y entrevistas para examinar la recuperación de esa área, el artículo encuentra pruebas de que ya antes del huracán había capital social y las cualidades propias de la resiliencia comunitaria en el Lower Ninth Ward. El capital social y la resiliencia resultaron ser frágiles porque el barrio era especialmente vulnerable y carecía de poder político. Los intentos de utilizar el capital social y la resiliencia comunitaria como parte de la estrategia para combatir el cambio climático deberían fijarse en nociones más antiguas de vulnerabilidad y de poder político como ingredientes importantes para el bienestar comunitario.

scholarly journals Emerging Marine Biotoxins in Seafood from European Coasts: Incidence and Analytical Challenges

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Estevez ◽  
David Castro ◽  
Ana Pequeño-Valtierra ◽  
Jorge Giraldez ◽  
Ana Gago-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Marine Biotoxins ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The presence of emerging contaminants in food and the sources of the contamination are relevant issues in food safety. The impact of climate change on these contaminations is a topic widely debated; however, the consequences of climate change for the food system is not as deeply studied as other human and animal health and welfare issues. Projections of climate change in Europe have been evaluated through the EU Commission, and the impact on the marine environment is considered a priority issue. Marine biotoxins are produced by toxic microalgae and are natural contaminants of the marine environment. They are considered to be an important contaminant that needs to be evaluated. Their source is affected by oceanographic and environmental conditions; water temperature, sunlight, salinity, competing microorganisms, nutrients, and wind and current directions affect the growth and proliferation of microalgae. Although climate change should not be the only reason for this increase and other factors such as eutrophication, tourism, fishery activities, etc. could be considered, the influence of climate change has been observed through increased growth of dinoflagellates in areas where they have not been previously detected. An example of this is the recent emergence of ciguatera fish poisoning toxins, typically found in tropical or subtropical areas from the Pacific and Caribbean and in certain areas of the Atlantic Sea such as the Canary Islands (Spain) and Madeira (Portugal). In addition, the recent findings of the presence of tetrodotoxins, typically found in certain areas of the Pacific, are emerging in the EU and contaminating not only the fish species where these toxins had been found before but also bivalve mollusks. The emergence of these marine biotoxins in the EU is a reason for concern in the EU, and for this reason, the risk evaluation and characterization of these toxins are considered a priority for the European Food Safety Authorities (EFSA), which also emphasize the search for occurrence data using reliable and efficient analytical methods.

scholarly journals Climate Change Policy:

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Anil Patel ◽  
Olivia June Bloodworth ◽  
Vishal Ashok Kumar Unnadkat ◽  
Seetal Assi ◽  
Ashni Asit Badiani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Revenue Recycling ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

With the UK leaving the EU in 2020, its policies to combat climate change currently remain undecided. One policy discussed in this report is a carbon tax. This report finds that implementation of a carbon tax will require a favourable political climate, public attention and an appropriate cost, with a starting price of £40 per tonne of CO2 emitted, gradually rising to £100-125/tCO2 (1). Also, to be politically acceptable, there must also be ‘revenue recycling’, with some of the proceeds of the carbon tax being redirected to public services (2,3).

scholarly journals Impact of climate changes on food safety related issues in the case of Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Mihaela Cristina Drăgoi ◽  
Irina Gabriela Rădulescu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Health Related

Climate change and economic development have both an increasing impact on human health and on the quality of life. The reverse assumption is also true, since, for improving economic and social development and well-being, the human activity is affecting the environment. This paper presents some of the alarm signals of various international institutions and entities regarding several challenges the current modern society is facing: climate change, disruptive weather events, food safety implications, health related issues, economic losses. Based on previous studies which demonstrated a direct connection between climate changes and weather conditions and the outbreak of infectious diseases and threats for the food safety chain, the main research objective is to determine whether this hypothesis is also valid in the case of Romania. Thus, the conducted analysis takes into consideration variations of temperature and precipitation in relation to new cases of food-borne diseases in order to determine if this connection is statistically significant as it was in other regions of Europe and of the world previously examined by scholars.

The “Peoples’ Climate Case” summarized

elni Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Hugo Leith ◽  
Roda Verheyen ◽  
Gerd Winter
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
Higher Rank ◽  
Dangerous Climate Change ◽  
The Eu

The case, dubbed the people’s climate case, is brought by children and their parents, working in agriculture and tourism in the EU and abroad who are and will increasingly be adversely affected in their livelihoods and their physical well-being by climate change effects such as droughts, flooding, heat waves, sea level rise and the disappearance of cold seasons. They are supported and joined by an association of indigenous Sami youth. The applicants are engaged in a range of economic activities, including the cultivation of crops, forestry management, animal herding, and eco-tourism. For each of the families, climate change has in some cases already curtailed their activities and livelihoods. The Defendants are the European Parliament and the Council of the EU. These are the institutions of the Union responsible for the adoption of the legal acts challenged by this application. The Applicants are represented by the three authors of this article. They bring two related applications concerning the responsibility of the Union for emissions of greenhouse gases (‘GHGs’), leading to dangerous climate change. They contend that the Union has failed and continues to fail to meet its urgent responsibilities to limit the emission of GHGs, in breach of its binding obligations of higher rank law. This breach currently manifests in three recently adopted legal acts of the European Parliament and the Council, which cover different sectors of the economy.

scholarly journals Externalising Europe’s energy policy in EU Free Trade Agreements: A cognitive dissonance between promoting sustainable development and ensuring security of supply?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Alexandra Marhold
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Security Of Supply ◽  
The Eu

It is no secret that while the European Union (EU) has taken up commitments to combat climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Paris Agreement and its own 2020 and 2030 climate and energy package strategy, the Union continues to be heavily dependent on the import of fossil fuels from abroad. One may even say that this leads to a cognitive dissonance, i.e. the discomfort which ensues if one holds two contradictory values, with respect to the externalisation of the Union’s energy and sustainable development policy. On the one hand, the EU aims to become a global frontrunner in the field of promoting renewable energy and sustainable development. This expresses itself through the inclusion of specific chapters on Trade and Sustainable Development in the EU’s Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) (standard since the 2011 EU-South Korea FTA). On the other, the EU realises that it is imperative to secure the Union’s security of energy supply, still largely guaranteed by fossil fuels. Therefore, the Union in parallel attempts to eliminate discriminatory practices in international fossil fuel trade in its bilateral agreements (e.g. in the EU-Ukraine Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement). This paper will explore the root causes of this cognitive dissonance and research what elements could contribute to ensuring more coherence in EU external energy policy. The objectives of sustainable development and security of supply are not necessarily contradictory per se. However, clearer delineations between the two objectives are necessary in EU external relations in general, and in the Union’s FTAs more specifically. This also applies to relations between Member States and the Union in this area, as well as to the interactions between the relevant EU institutions tasked with energy, sustainable development and the environment.

An analysis of major environmental threats to human security in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-139
Author(s):  
Naresh Bhakta Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Environmental Threat ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
The Government

The paper mainly analyses the environmental threats focusing on climate change to human security in Nepal. Major aspects of human security are interlinked and interconnected in our context. Among them, human security offers much to the vibrant field of environmental security in Nepal. Environmental threats are linked to the overall impact on human survival, well-being, and productivity. A great deal of human security is tied to peoples’ access to natural resources and vulnerabilities to environmental change. The major environmental threats in our context is the climate change which have widespread implications for Nepal, causing impacts to water availability, agricultural production, forestry, among many other detrimental effects. The critical threat of environmental security needs to be taken into serious consideration to save our succeeding generation. This article primarily interpreted the government action towards emerging environmental threat based on realist approach. For the study of theme of this article, descriptive and analytical research has been used to draw present major environmental threats in Nepal. With consideration to factors, this article attempted to identify the major environmentally vulnerable areas that are likely to hamper the overall status of human security in Nepal. This paper also tried to suggest the measures to enhance the environmental security considering prospects and policy focusing on Nepalese diverse aspects.

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