Recycling of Oil Fly Ash in the Adsorption of Dyes From Industrial Wastewater

AbstractThe use of oil fly ash after the recovery of heavy valuable metals was investigated. More specifically, its use, as an adsorbent of dyes from industrial wastewater, was evaluated. Methylene blue was used as a model compound to study the adsorption capacity of the proposed carbonaceous residue from metal recovery treatments. The effects of contact time, initial dye concentration, and absorbent dose were investigated. The maximum amount of dye was adsorbed after one hour. Moreover, 1-3 g of residues were necessary for the removal of 200-1000 mg dm–3 from 0.050 dm3 of contacted solution. The Langmuir isotherm model was in good agreement with the adsorption equilibrium data, indicating a maximum monolayer saturation capacity of approximately 40 mg/g at 25 °C. High abatement efficiencies (up to 99 %) were obtained, and the adsorbed dye was released almost immediately by re-contacting with water. The adsorption capacity was at least four times lower than that of commercially available active carbon. The double treatment of oil fly ash with deionised water and hydrochloric acid allows for the extraction of over 85 % of the vanadium, iron, and nickel content in the ash. However, the negligible or zero cost of solid residues, otherwise disposed in landfills, indicates their potential as a valid alternative. The use of oil fly ash for both recovery of heavy valuable metals and the subsequent removal of dyes from wastewater suggest a zero-waste process.

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Effective Poly (Cyclotriphosphazene-Co-4,4′-Sulfonyldiphenol)@rGO Sheets for Tetracycline Adsorption: Fabrication, Characterization, Adsorption Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11061540 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1540

Author(s):

Muhammad Ahmad ◽

Tehseen Nawaz ◽

Mohammad Mujahid Alam ◽

Yasir Abbas ◽

Shafqat Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Surface Area ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

High Adsorption ◽

Clean Environment ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

High Adsorption Capacity ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium Data

The development of excellent drug adsorbents and clarifying the interaction mechanisms between adsorbents and adsorbates are greatly desired for a clean environment. Herein, we report that a reduced graphene oxide modified sheeted polyphosphazene (rGO/poly (cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol)) defined as PZS on rGO was used to remove the tetracycline (TC) drug from an aqueous solution. Compared to PZS microspheres, the adsorption capacity of sheeted PZS@rGO exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 496 mg/g. The adsorption equilibrium data well obeyed the Langmuir isotherm model, and the kinetics isotherm was fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of TC was an exothermic, spontaneous process. Furthermore, we highlighted the importance of the surface modification of PZS by the introduction of rGO, which tremendously increased the surface area necessary for high adsorption. Along with high surface area, electrostatic attractions, H-bonding, π-π stacking and Lewis acid-base interactions were involved in the high adsorption capacity of PZS@rGO. Furthermore, we also proposed the mechanism of TC adsorption via PZS@rGO.

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Adsorption of Cu(II) by Poly-γ-glutamate/Apatite Nanoparticles

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13060962 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 962

Author(s):

Kuo-Yu Chen ◽

Wei-Yu Zeng

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Initial Adsorption ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Poly-γ-glutamate/apatite (PGA-AP) nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method in the presence of various concentrations of poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA). Powder X-ray diffraction pattern and energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the main crystal phase of PGA-AP was hydroxyapatite. The immobilization of γ-PGA on PGA-AP was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the relative amount of γ-PGA incorporation into PGA-AP was determined by thermal gravimetric analysis. Dynamic light scattering measurements indicated that the particle size of PGA-AP nanoparticles increased remarkably with the decrease of γ-PGA content. The adsorption of aqueous Cu(II) onto the PGA-AP nanoparticles was investigated in batch experiments with varying contact time, solution pH and temperature. Results illustrated that the adsorption of Cu(II) was very rapid during the initial adsorption period. The adsorption capacity of PGA-AP nanoparticles for Cu(II) was increased with the increase in the γ-PGA content, solution pH and temperature. At a pH of 6 and 60 °C, a higher equilibrium adsorption capacity of about 74.80 mg/g was obtained. The kinetic studies indicated that Cu(II) adsorption onto PGA-AP nanoparticles obeyed well the pseudo-second order model. The Langmuir isotherm model was fitted well to the adsorption equilibrium data. The results indicated that the adsorption behavior of PGA-AP nanoparticles for Cu(II) was mainly a monolayer chemical adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity of PGA-AP nanoparticles was estimated to be 78.99 mg/g.

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The Removal of Crystal Violet from Textile Wastewater Using Palm Kernel Shell-Derived Biochar

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10072251 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 2251 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Phyo Phyo Kyi ◽

Jude Ofei Quansah ◽

Chang-Gu Lee ◽

Joon-Kwan Moon ◽

Seong-Jik Park

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Textile Wastewater ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium Data

In this study, we explored the adsorption potential of biochar derived from palm kernel shell (BC-PKS) as an affordable adsorbent for the removal of crystal violet from wastewater. Kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics studies were carried out to evaluate the adsorption of crystal violet onto BC-PKS. The kinetics adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model, indicating that the rate of adsorption is principally controlled by chemisorption. The adsorption equilibrium data were better fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model with a determination coefficient of 0.954 and a maximum adsorption of 24.45 mg/g. Thermodynamics studies found the adsorption of crystal violet by BC-PKS to be endothermic with increasing randomness at the BC-PKS/crystal violet interface. The percentage removal and adsorption capacity increased with the pH of the solution, as the negative charges on the biochar surface at high pH enhance the electrostatic attraction between crystal violet molecules and BC-PKS. Increasing the BC-PKS dosage from 0.1 to 1.0 g increased percent removal and decreased the adsorption capacity of crystal violet onto BC-PKS. Therefore, biochar from agricultural by-products, i.e., palm kernel shell, can be cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of crystal violet from textile wastewater.

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Hydrothermal Synthesis of Sodalite-Type N-A-S-H from Fly Ash to Remove Ammonium and Phosphorus from Water

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14112741 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 2741

Author(s):

Pengcheng Lv ◽

Ruihong Meng ◽

Zhongyang Mao ◽

Min Deng

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Solute Concentration ◽

Raw Material ◽

Sodium Aluminosilicate ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

One Step ◽

Ft Ir

In this study, the hydrated sodium aluminosilicate material was synthesized by one-step hydrothermal alkaline desilication using fly ash (FA) as raw material. The synthesized materials were characterized by XRD, XRF, FT-IR and SEM. The characterization results showed that the alkali-soluble desilication successfully had synthesized the sodium aluminosilicate crystalline (N-A-S-H) phase of sodalite-type (SOD), and the modified material had good ionic affinity and adsorption capacity. In order to figure out the suitability of SOD as an adsorbent for the removal of ammonium and phosphorus from wastewater, the effects of material dosing, contact time, ambient pH and initial solute concentration on the simultaneous removal of ammonium and phosphorus are investigated by intermittent adsorption tests. Under the optimal adsorption conditions, the removal rate of ammonium was 73.3%, the removal rate of phosphate was 85.8% and the unit adsorption capacity reached 9.15 mg/L and 2.14 mg/L, respectively. Adsorption kinetic studies showed that the adsorption of ammonium and phosphorus by SOD was consistent with a quasi-secondary kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that the equilibrium data were in good agreement with the Langmuir and Freundlich model. According to thermodynamic calculations, the adsorption of ammonium and phosphorus was found to be a heat-absorbing and spontaneous process. Therefore, the preparation of SOD by modified FA has good adsorption properties as adsorbent and has excellent potential for application in the removal of contaminants from wastewater.

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Adsorption of Nickel and Chromium Ions by Amine-Functionalized Silica Aerogel

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201815603014 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 156 ◽

pp. 03014

Author(s):

Sudarat Sertsing ◽

Thanaphat Chukeaw ◽

Sitthiphong Pengpanich ◽

Bawornpong Pornchuti

Keyword(s):

Silica Aerogel ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

Functionalized Silica ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Chromium Ions ◽

Amine Functionalized ◽

Adsorption Capacities ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium Data

In this study, silica aerogel was synthesized by drying at atmospheric pressure and modified further with aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). The amine-functionalized silica aerogel was investigated as an adsorbent for removal of nickel and chromium ions. The effect of contact time, solution pH, and initial solution concentration were studied. The equilibrium was achieved within 60 min. The optimum pH was found to be 4. Adsorption equilibrium data were agreed fairly well with Langmuir isotherm model. Adsorption capacities for nickel and chromium ions were found to be 40.32 mg/g and 46.08 mg/g, respectively.

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Adsorption of Crystal Violet oNto Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon

Progress in Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism ◽

10.3184/146867817x14821527549211 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 269-281

Author(s):

Lvling Zhong ◽

Liang Zhang ◽

Hongliang Shi

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Control Process ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Nitrogen Doped ◽

First Order Kinetics ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Adsorption Desorption

A series of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbons (NDMCs) was prepared using p-phenylenediamine and glyoxal as a carbon source and mesoporous silica as a hard template. N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms indicated that mesopores with a wider distribution exist in NDMCs. Elemental analysis showed that the N content on the surface of NDMC-800 was 9.9at.%, with a result close to 8.4at.% from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The adsorption capacity of NDMCs for crystal violet (CV) in aqueous solution was investigated. Static equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 243.9 mg g−1. Adsorption kinetics data suggested that the adsorption control process follows the pseudo first-order kinetics model. The results showed that this carbon material has the potential for application in adsorption of CV.

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(3-Aminopropyl) Triethoxysilane (APTES) Functionalized Magnetic Nanosilica Graphene Oxide (MGO) Nanocomposite for the Comparative Adsorption of the Heavy Metal (Pb(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II)) ions from Aqueous Solution

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1184162/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

C Donga ◽

S Mishra ◽

A Aziz ◽

L Ndlovu ◽

A Kuvarega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Magnetic Graphene Oxide ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Abstract (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) modified magnetic graphene oxide was synthesized and applied in the adsorption of three heavy metals, Pb(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) from aqueous solution. An approach to prepare magnetic GO was adopted by using (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) as a functionalizing agent on magnetic nanosilica coupled with GO to form the Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2/GO nanocomposite. FT-IR, XRD, BET, UV, VSM, SAXS, SEM and TEM were used to characterize the synthesized nanoadsorbents. Batch adsorption studies were conducted to investigate the effect of solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage and contact time. The maximum equilibrium time was found to be 30 min for Pb(II), Cd(II) and 60 min for Ni(II). The kinetics studies showed that the adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) onto Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2/GO followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics. All the adsorption equilibrium data were well fitted to Langmuir isotherm model and maximum monolayer adsorption capacity for Pb(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) were 13.46, 18.58 and 13.52 mgg-1, respectively. The Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2/GO adsorbents were reused for at least 7 cycles without the leaching of mineral core, showing the enhanced stability and potential application of Fe3O4@SiO2-NH2/GO adsorbents in water/wastewater treatment.

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Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of acid Bordeaux B from aqueous solution by graphene oxide/PAMAMs

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2015.328 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 1217-1225 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Fan Zhang ◽

Shengfu He ◽

Chen Zhang ◽

Zhiyuan Peng

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Ph Value ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Freundlich Model ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Effects Of Media ◽

Better Than

Graphene oxide/polyamidoamines dendrimers (GO/PAMAMs) composites were synthesized via modifying GO with 2.0 G PAMAM. The adsorption behavior of the GO/PAMAMs for acid Bordeaux B (ABB) was studied and the effects of media pH, adsorption time and initial ABB concentration on adsorption capacity of the adsorbent were investigated. The optimum pH value of the adsorption of ABB onto GO/PAMAMs was 2.5. The maximum adsorption capacity increased from 325.78 to 520.83 mg/g with the increase in temperature from 298 to 328 K. The equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich model. The kinetic study illustrated that the adsorption of ABB onto GO/PAMAMs fit the pseudo-second-order model. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was physisorption, and also an endothermic and spontaneous process.

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Effect of Particle Size on Cadmium Removal by Banana Peels

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v72.3922 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohd Ismid Mohd Said ◽

Shaikhah Sabri ◽

Shamila Azman

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Metal Removal ◽

Low Cost ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Banana Peel ◽

Cadmium Removal ◽

Musa Balbisiana ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Contamination of metals in aquatic environment is a worldwide problem because of its toxicity and capability to accumulate in biological chain, as well as persistence in the natural environment. Therefore various expensive technologies have been applied to treat metal-polluted water. In Malaysia there are abundance of banana species available which could provide cheap, low cost and environmental friendly bio-materials. Preliminary study was conducted on two species of banana i.e. Musa balbisiana (Nipah) and Musa acuminata (Kapas). The banana peels were washed, dried and grounded into various range of particle sizes (0.20–1.18 mm). The ability of the adsorbents were determined by agitation of 1.0 g banana peel and 100 ml of cadmium standard solution at the concentration of 100 mg/L. Musa balbisiana showed the highest removal of cadmium at 89.58% from the initial concentration compared to Musa acuminate with the particle size of 0.30-0.60 mm. Adsorption equilibrium data are well described by Langmuir isotherm model. The result also shows that different species have different capabilities to adsorb metal. Hence, their potential as bio-adsorbent could be further be examined for metal removal from wastewater.

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Trimethylamine functionalized radiation-induced grafted polyamide 6 fibers for p-nitrophenol adsorption

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-97397-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shihab Ezzuldin M.Saber ◽

Luqman Chuah Abdullah ◽

Siti Nurul Ain Md. Jamil ◽

Thomas S. Y. Choong ◽

Teo Ming Ting

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Absorbed Dose ◽

Polyamide 6 ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Pseudo Second Order ◽

Adsorption Kinetics And Isotherm

AbstractThe method of pre-irradiation grafting was used with the aid of electron beam (EB) accelerator to accomplish the grafting of polyamide 6 fibers (PA6) with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The extent to which GMA was grafted on PA6 was found to be markedly influenced by the absorbed dose of radiation and the reaction time of grafting. Trimethylamine (TMA) was afterwards employed for the functionalization of GMA-grafted fibers (PA6-g-GMA). A range of analyses (e.g., FTIR, FESEM, XRD, BET, and pHpzc) were carried out to determine the physiochemical and morphological properties of the fibrous adsorbent. p-Nitrophenol (PNP) adsorption from aqueous solution was conducted with the resulting TMA-(PA6-g-GMA) adsorbent. The adsorption behaviour of PNP on the fibrous adsorbent was clarified by investigating the adsorption kinetics and isotherm. According to the results, the adsorption of PNP on TMA-(PA6-g-GMA) reflected the pseudo-second order model. Meanwhile, the isotherm analysis revealed that the best description of the equilibrium data was provided by Redlich–Peterson model, followed closely by Langmuir isotherm model. The achieved adsorption capacity was highest at 176.036 mg/g. Moreover, the adsorption was indicated by the thermodynamic analysis to be spontaneous and exothermic. Regeneration and recycling of the adsorbent was possible for a minimum of five cycles with no reduction in adsorption capacity. It was concluded that the fibrous adsorbent could have applications for the removal of PNP at industrial pilot scale.

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