scholarly journals Review of Apophatic Literary Criticism. Notes of a Non-philologist

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
A. Buller
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Arthur Schopenhauer ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Apophatic Theology ◽  
Will To Live ◽  
Philosophical Nature

Apophatic Literary Criticism. Notes of a Non-philologist’ by Marianna Dudareva demonstrates Russian spirit and reflects the immense variety of characters and plots that influence people and manifest the creative power of literature. The author introduces a number of writers, from Sergei Yesenin to Vladimir Korolenko, with unique literary styles and a common apophatic approach to reality. The term apophatic comes from the Greek word to deny and initially referred to religious studies where it served both as a concept and a method. Apophatic theology attempted to approach God by negations rather than affirmations of what God is. M. Dudareva’s work showcases how literature studies instrumentalize the apophatic method of philosophy. This review complements the study with a reflection on the topic of death and its inextricable connection with life. Literature speaks of life and dwells on the struggle for life, that is also key to philosophical thinking. Enough to mention Arthur Schopenhauer and his idea of the will to live. In contrast to philosophy, literature uses a vivid, colorful, and copious language, while philosophy is concerned with universal principles. Some distinguished authors managed to bridge this gap. For instance, Dostoevsky, Nietzsche, and Sartre created works of both literary and philosophical nature. The same can be traced in the short stories by B. Zaytsev and A. Grin, analyzed in the book. B. Zaytsev writes about death approaching us first through others, this idea is also found in V. Jankélévitch’s work Death. Death is never ours for it is always we or our death, but when we see it around it causes anxiety and fear. In Avdot’ya-smert’ (Avdot’ya-Death) the main character says a prayer to be relieved of her mother and son, whom she considers a burden. Once death enters their home it never stops, it gets closer, and at the end of the story it takes Avdot’ya too. In Grin’s Fighting Death, death struck Lorkh falls asleep and herein dreaming is not a harbinger of the darkness of eternal sleep. On the contrary, Lorkh wakes up willful and hopeful, he fights for his life and succeeds. These stories vibrantly illustrate the victory of life over death and death over life as the result of exercising one’s free will. Color in literature is another topic touched upon by the author. M. Dudareva refers to Goethe’s Zur Farbenlehre to speak about contrasts, and R. Steiner to underline the importance of black in creating an image where color range matches the emotional range.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Skreslet Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
Interdisciplinary Methods ◽  
Legal Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Egypt

This introduction sets out the scope of the book’s argument and explains why Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī is such an interesting figure in the history of Islamic legal thought. It describes the reception of al-Suyūṭī’s work at home in Cairo and abroad as well as his lasting legacy. It outlines the analytical framework and the importance of interdisciplinary methods, including discourse analysis, sociolinguistics, anthropology, history, religious studies, and literary criticism to the argument of the book. An explanation of how al-Suyūṭī’s life can inform our understanding of the current situation in modern Egypt is followed by a review of the secondary literature and a full outline of each chapter.

scholarly journals Man, nature, death of V.S. Solovyov and A. Schopenhauer

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-22
Author(s):  
А. Buller
Keyword(s):  
Natural World ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Arthur Schopenhauer ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Human Response ◽  
Philosophical Concept ◽  
Scientific Objectivity ◽  
Will To Live ◽  
Reasonable Answers ◽  
The Mind

In this article the question about the influence of the natural sciences on the philosophical concepts of Arthur Schopenhauer and Vladimir Solovyov was raised. The influence of Kantian transcendental criticism on Schopenhauer's philosophy was studied. It was shown that this influence manifested itself very vividly in the Schopenhauer concept of «will to live». It was established that the ontological status of man as a «phenomenon» had an impact both on Schopenhauer's concept of death and on his ethics of compassion. It was emphasized that the natural world plays an important role in Soloviev’s philosophical concept. According to Soloviev the nature of a person is determined by three needs: «animals, mental and heart», while the ontological basis of all these three needs is life, that is, the ability to «exist». It was indicated that the moral feelings of a person justified by Soloviev – shame, conscience, pity, and reverence – are a kind of human «response» of a rational being to its natural instincts and needs. The parallels between the philosophical views of Schopenhauer and Solovyov were drawn. On the basis of this parallels it was concluded that, despite the significant differences in the worldview of these two very different thinkers in nature, their approach to philosophy was largely identical and was characterized by scientific objectivity, interdisciplinarity, the skill of argumentation, the sharpness of the mind, the desire to give reasonable answers to the «last questions» of philosophy.

scholarly journals Perkembangan Teori Sastra (Suatu Pengantar)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felta Lafamane
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Literary Theory ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Literary Reading ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practical Nature

AbstractNormatively, literary studies are divided into several fields, namely literary theory, literary history, literary criticism, comparative literature and literary studies. Literary theory studies people's views of literature. Literary history seeks to compile and study literary works as part of the process of intellectual history in one society. The history of literary theory can be seen as part of philosophical thinking because the history of literary theory itself is the same as the history of human thought towards art or literary objects which emphasize the more practical nature of the translation of concepts. Literary theory itself can essentially be equated with the science of beauty or aesthetics. Science and theory are certainly one different thing. With such an assumption, writing the history of literary theory is the same as writing aesthetic history in the field of literary arts. However, the history of the theory needs to be known and understood so that there are no mistakes in thinking about these two things. Literary theory itself has various meanings along with the paradigm it carries. Literary theory is defined as a set of ideas and methods used to practice literary reading. Literary theory is also interpreted as a way or step to understand literature. The views in literary theory also experience changes along with the development of human thinking.Keyword: development, literary theory, history, literature

scholarly journals Citra Wanita Tokoh Utama Rani Novel Cerita Tentang Rani Karya Herry Santoso Kajian Kritik Sastra Feminis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Hasindah Mawarni ◽  
Sumartini Sumartini
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Social Image ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Feminist Literary Criticism ◽  
The Family

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui citra wanita dalam sebuah novel karya Herry Santoso berjudul Cerita Tentang Rani. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah feminisme dan dikaji menggunakan kritik sastra feminis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskripsi kualitataif. Adapun permasalahan yang muncul dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana citra wanita tokoh utama Rani yang terdapat dalam novel Cerita Tentang Rani karya Herry Santoso. Dalam artikel ini, ditemukan citra tokoh utama Rani meliputi, citra diri dan citra sosial. Citra diri wanita terdiri dari aspek fisik dan psikis, dalam aspek fisik tokoh Rani digambarkan sebagai wanita muda yang cantik dan sudah berkeluarga, seorang wanita yang pandai memasak serta berpenampilan menarik. Dalam aspek psikis Rani digambarkan sebagai wanita yang kuat, tegas, berani, penyanyang keluarga, berani berpendapat yang dianggap benar, selalu bersikap patuh, sabar dan patuh pada perintah suaminya. Sedangkan, citra sosial terdiri dari citra dalam keluarga dan citra dalam masyarakat. Citra dalam keluarga tokoh utama Rani berperan sebagai seorang istri, anak dan anggota keluarga yang penuh tanggungjawab, menyanyi orangtua. Sedangkan, citra dalam masyarakat Rani berperan sebagai wanita yang aktif, tegas dan disiplin, peduli, bertanggungjawab atas tugasnya sebagai seorang guru. The purpose of this research is to find out the image of women in a novel by Herry Santoso entitled Story About Rani. As for the problem that arises in this research is how the image of the main character Rani is contained in Cerita Tentang Rani Herry Santoso'snovel. The approach used in this study is feminism and studied using feminist literary criticism. The research method used is the quality description method. In this article, the image of Rani's main characters is found, including self-image and social image. Women's self-image consists of physical and psychological aspects, in the physical aspects of the character Rani is described as a beautiful young woman and has a family, a woman who is good at cooking and attractive appearance. In psychic aspects, Rani is described as a woman who is strong, firm, brave, family, daring to think that she is right, always being obedient, patient and obedient to her husband's orders. Whereas, social image consists of images in the family and images in society. The image in the family of the main character Rani acts as a wife, child and family members who are full of responsibility, singing parents. Meanwhile, the image in the Rani community acts as a woman who is active, assertive and disciplined, caring, responsible for her duties as a teacher.  

“Honor the Power Within”

2018 ◽  
pp. 172-192
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Richey
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Gender Theory ◽  
Cultural Authenticity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spirituality And Religion ◽  
Young Japanese Women ◽  
Japanese Youth

This chapter describes and analyzes the ways in which Japanese youth interest in onmyōji—particularly the disproportionate interest shown by young Japanese women—engages the social realities of contemporary Japanese life., where feelings of uncertainty and precariousness abound. By utilizing a variety of disciplinary approaches to culture—among them those of anthropology, gender theory, history, literary criticism, and religious studies—it seeks to produce a fresh look at how the onmyōji “boom,” now some thirty years in duration with apparently enduring appeal, is relevant to contemporary concerns about cultural authenticity and identity, gender and sexuality, and spirituality and religion in Japan.

Reflections of an Existential Crisis in Søren Kierkegaard’s Aesthetic Conception

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Antanas Andrijauskas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Philosophy Of Art ◽  
Arthur Schopenhauer ◽  
Abstract Thinking ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Existential Crisis ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
The World ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Individual Human

This article considers the principles of philosophical thinking in Søren Kierkegaard’s nonclassical aesthetics. Special attention is given to his radical critique of “false” and “impersonal” rationalism. This does not only mean the rejection of the traditional principles of classical metaphysics which claims “universality” and “universal meaning.” Kierkegaard also bases his philosophy on individual human life, or, in other words, personal existence with its unique inner world. His critique is more profound than that by Arthur Schopenhauer. Kierkegaard develops his own philosophy of “existential crisis,” opposing subjective will and internal changes to abstract thinking and external influences. Kierkegaard’s works initiate the critical or nonclassical stage in Western aesthetics. The main place in it is occupied by the idea of the disharmony of the world: its subjective reflection is “split” consciousness that has lost contact with the traditional concepts of harmony, humanism, goodness, beauty and philosophy of art.

scholarly journals Alif’s Adolescence Crises in Ahmad Fuadi’s The Land of Five Towers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bayu Aji Putra Harianto
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Literary Theories ◽  
Role Confusion

This study aims to describe the crisis of adolescents in the main character in Ahmad Fuadi's The Land of Five Towers. This research shows the adolescence crises that occurred on the main character in the novel The Land of Five Towers and the efforts made by the main character to overcome the adolescence crises. This research is categorized into literary criticism. The objective is to analyze a literary work using literary theories. The object of this study is novel The Land of Five Towers by Ahmad Fuadi. This research focuses on adolescence crises that occur in the main character psychosocially. The researcher uses the theory of psychosocial development by Erik H. Erikson but focus only on the adolescence stage. The data in this study are taken from quotes in the novel in the form of author's explanation of the main character and dialogue between characters. The results showed the following things. First, the form of adolescent crisis experienced by the main character, Alif, in the form of an identity crisis and role confusion. The identity crisis experienced by Alif is shown by finding a different personality with others, the emergence of feelings of doubt and worry, and the emergence of feelings of jealousy and envy. While role confusion experienced by Alif was shown by low self-esteem when dealing with people who were different from him, feeling confusion to adjust to be accepted by society or community, and feeling confused when he wanted to determine or give his role in a society. or community. Second, the efforts made by Alif in overcoming the adolescent crisis are diverse. In overcoming his identity crisis, Alif motivated himself, being optimistic, and showing his identity. Then Alif's efforts in overcoming role confusion are by accepting his identity and the environmental situation, accepting the role given by others, and accepting messages or advice of others. These efforts are obtained from within themselves and the support of others.

scholarly journals JOURNEY «BEYOND THE BODY» IN THE NOVEL OF H. MURAKAMI «KAFKA ON THE BEACH»

ASJ. ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (55) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
A. Matviyenko
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Personal Identity ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hero's Journey ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character

The article examines the phenomenon of traveling «beyond the corporeality» of the characters of Haruki Murakami's novel Kafka on the Beach. Special attention is paid to the bodily transformations of the characters, going beyond the limits of physicality, as signs of the loss of personal identity. The article also compares the «bodily journeys» of the main character of the novel with the passage of the labyrinth, which also symbolizes the rite of initiation. The relevance of the research is due to the need to fill in the existing gaps in modern literary criticism on the problems of bodily metamorphoses considered in the designated context, as well as on the study of the creative heritage of H. Murakami in general. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that the novel by H. Murakami, chosen as the object of research, is analyzed through the prism of the phenomenological theory of corporeality by V. Podorogi, special attention is paid to the concept of «the body outside the norm». The work also reflects the ideas about the physicality and identity of J. Baudrillard, F. Nietzsche, M. Yampolsky et al. It is proved that in the novel the phenomenon of the hero's journey inside his own body is both a sign of the loss of personal identity and a way of acquiring this identity.

scholarly journals CITRA PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL CERITA TENTANG RANI KARYA HERRY SANTOSO; TINJAUAN KRITIK SASTRA FEMINIS* (The Image of Women in the Novel Entitled Cerita Tentang Rani by Herry Santosa: A Feminist Literary Criticism)

ALAYASASTRA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Choerul Anam
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Feminist Criticism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Feminist Literary Criticism ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Research Types

This study aims to describe the image of women in Herry Santoso's novel: Cerita Tentang Rani in the perspective of feminist literary criticism. The method applied in the research is a qualitative one. The purpose of the qualitative method leads the writer being able to get to know the in-depth history of the research environment by applying descriptive research types. Feminist criticism theory of Rosemarie Putnam Tong and gender theory of Judith P. Butler were applied in this research. The results of this study prove that the image of the main character, Maharani, is a strong and tough woman. The images of the woman cover 1) the image of women in her relation with Allah Swt (God); 2) the image of women in her relation with herself; and 3) the image of women in her relationship with others. Keywords: female image, feminist literary criticism, Novel Cerita Tentang Rani.

THE LINGUO-COGNITIVE ASPECT OF EKPHRASTIC REFERENCES IN A LITERARY TEXT (BASED ON THE WORKS BY D. RUBINA AND M. ATWOOD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
Polina I. GAVIN ◽  
Olga B. PONOMAREVA
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
English Language ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Resonance Model ◽  
Art Object ◽  
Literary Device ◽  
Visual Construction

The following article explores ekphrasis as a literary device in the context of the Russian and English language literary texts. The phenomenon of ekphrasis is regarded to be a relatively researched area in the literary criticism. However, the majority of the existing research focuses on the visual representations in the verbal medium, thereby neglecting the aspect of the reader’s possible interpretation of an ekphrastic description and its stylistic expression in a literary text. Thus, the aim of this article is to identify the specific language patterns constructing ekphrastic references in the Russian and English language literary texts by conducting a comparative linguo-cognitive analysis of ekphrastic intertextual references in Dina Rubina’s ‘On the Sunny Side of the Street’ (2006) and Margaret Atwood’s ‘Cat’s Eye’ (1988). The research is based on the comparative linguo-cognitive analysis combining the following cognitive poetic techniques: the ‘figure — ground’ dichotomy, the model of literary resonance, and the narrative interrelation theory. The analysis of the figure-ground relations in ekphrastic descriptions has shown that the main character takes the figure position and becomes a pronounced attractor, thereby exerting an affective influence on the reader’s perception. The application of the literary resonance model confirms this claim by identifying typical semantic, syntactic and stylistic features (attractors) of the character in the analysed ekphrastic passages. The comparison of an ekphrastic description to a passage which it is based on has revealed the characteristic parallelism of their syntactic and semantic patterns. In part, parallel constructions contain specific intertextual references that create links to an art object, thus actualising the representation of a picture in the reader’s perception. A comparative linguo-cognitive analysis of ekphrastic references in Russian and English literary texts has shown the possible intratextuality of ekphrastic references, which establish the relationships between plots within the narrative. Additionally, in both literary texts, ekphrastic references imitate the visual construction of an object of art at the semantic, syntactic and textual levels and, as a result, accentuate the metaphorical realisation of the presented artefact.

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