scholarly journals Frequency Band and PCA Feature Comparison for EEG Signal Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Wayan Pio Pratama ◽  
Made Windu Antara Kesiman ◽  
I Gede Aris Gunadi
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Digit Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Band Method

The frequency band method is popular in signal processing; this method separates EEG signals into five bands of frequency. Besides the frequency band, the recent research show PCA method gives a good result to classify digits number from EEG signal. Even PCA give a good accuracy to classify digit number from EEG signal, but there are no research shows which one yielded better accuracy between PCA and frequency band to classify digit number from EEG signals. This paper presents the comparison between those methods using secondary data from MindBigData (MDB). The result shows that the frequency band and PCA achieve 9% and 12,5% on average accuracy with the EPOC dataset. The paired Wilcoxon test produces a significant difference in accuracy between methods in the digit classification problem. Experiment with Muse dataset provides 31% accuracy with frequency band method and 24,8% with PCA method. The result is competitive compared to other experiments to classify digit numbers from EEG signals. In conclusion, there is no winner between the two methods since no method fits both datasets used in this research.

scholarly journals Analisis Reaksi Investor di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada Pelantikan Joko Widodo

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Komang Lia Karina ◽  
I Nyoman Sujana ◽  
M. Rudi Irwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Trading Volume ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Stock Trading ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

This study aimed to analyze the reaction of investors on Indonesia Stock Exchange to the inauguration of the 8th President by observing whether there were any significant differences in abnormal returns and stock trading volume activities before and after the event. The observation period used in this study was 10 days, with details of each 5 days before and after the President's inauguration event that occurred on 20 October 2019. This research was quantitative research and used daily transaction data on the market capital as a secondary data source. The samples used were companies that were included in the LQ45 stock index for the period August 2019 - January 2020. A non-parametric test in the form of Wilcoxon test was used to test the hypothesis. The results of this study showed that there were no significant difference in abnormal return and stock trading volume activity in the period before and after the event. This was evidenced by the probability value above the significance level of 5%. Thus, the results of this study were stated that there was no reaction from the investor related to the event of the inauguration of the 8th President in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Penderita Gagal Ginjal Kronik Sebelum dan Setelah Melakukan Hemodialisa

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Virania Arvianti ◽  
◽  
Septian Septian ◽  
Aturut Yansen ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

IntroductionAnemia is the most common occurrence in chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis therapy. In the condition of chronic kidney disease, the decline in kidney function can occur slowly and chronically until the kidneys do not function at all. Hemodialysis is one of the therapies used to replaced kidney function. During hemodialysis, a decrease in hemoglobin levels often occurs, this is due to the disruption of the hormon erythropoietin. Objective:determine the differences in hemoglobin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease before and after hemodialysis at Bhayangkara TK. I Raden Said SukantoHospital. Method: The design of this research is cross sectional using secondary data and the sampling technique of this research was random sampling with a total of 133 patients. Result: The normality test was carried out first using the Kolmogorov-Smirnova test which showed the results were not normally distributed with a sig value of 0.001. the next test was the Wilcoxon test with a sig (2-tailed_ value of 0.002 with an average hemoglobin level of 8,81 g/dL before hemodialysis and 9,09 g/dL after hemodialysis. Conclusion:Based on the results of the study means that there is a significant difference in a patient with chronic kidney failure before and after hemodialysis.

scholarly journals REAKSI PASAR MODAL INDONESIA TERHADAP PERISTIWA PERANG DAGANG AMERIKA SERIKAT DAN CHINA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Yani Rahmawati ◽  
Hendra Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trade War

This research is an event study which aims to analyze the reaction of the Indonesian capital market, especially on LQ45 shares before and after political events that occur abroad. The event that became the object of observation was the trade war that occurred between the United States and China by using 12 events related to trade wars starting from 2014 to 2019, using the abnormal return indicator. The sample in this study are companies that are in the LQ45 stock index. The data used is secondary data in the form of the company's daily closing price and the Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI). The statistical test used to test the research hypothesis is the paired t-test which was tested on 11 events, and there was 1 event using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that the trade war between the United States and China did not result in a significant difference in abnormal returns on LQ45 stocks with the observed period. So it can be said that the Indonesian capital market did not react to the 12 events of the trade war between the United States and China.

Risk of venous thromboembolism following surgical treatment of superficial venous incompetence

VASA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Barker ◽  
Felicity Evison ◽  
Ruth Benson ◽  
Alok Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
One Year

Abstract. Background: The invasive management of varicose veins has a known risk of post-operative deep venous thrombosis and subsequent pulmonary embolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate absolute and relative risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following commonly used varicose vein procedures. Patients and methods: A retrospective analysis of secondary data using Hospital Episode Statistics database was performed for all varicose vein procedures performed between 2003 and 2013 and all readmissions for VTE in the same patients within 30 days, 90 days, and one year. Comparison of the incidence of VTEs between procedures was performed using a Pearson’s Chi-squared test. Results: In total, 261,169 varicose vein procedures were performed during the period studied. There were 686 VTEs recorded at 30 days (0.26 % incidence), 884 at 90 days (0.34 % incidence), and 1,246 at one year (0.48 % incidence). The VTE incidence for different procedures was between 0.15–0.35 % at 30 days, 0.26–0.50 % at 90 days, and 0.46–0.58 % at one year. At 30 days there was a significantly lower incidence of VTEs for foam sclerotherapy compared to other procedures (p = 0.01). There was no difference in VTE incidence between procedures at 90 days (p = 0.13) or one year (p = 0.16). Conclusions: Patients undergoing varicose vein procedures have a small but appreciable increased risk of VTE compared to the general population, with the effect persisting at one year. Foam sclerotherapy had a lower incidence of VTE compared to other procedures at 30 days, but this effect did not persist at 90 days or at one year. There was no other significant difference in the incidence of VTE between open, endovenous, and foam sclerotherapy treatments.

Complexity Measures of Brain Electrophysiological Activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Klonowski ◽  
Pawel Stepien ◽  
Robert Stepien
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Deterministic Chaos ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Complexity Measures ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity ◽  
Signal Complexity ◽  
Physiological Sleep ◽  
The Brain

Over 20 years ago, Watt and Hameroff (1987 ) suggested that consciousness may be described as a manifestation of deterministic chaos in the brain/mind. To analyze EEG-signal complexity, we used Higuchi’s fractal dimension in time domain and symbolic analysis methods. Our results of analysis of EEG-signals under anesthesia, during physiological sleep, and during epileptic seizures lead to a conclusion similar to that of Watt and Hameroff: Brain activity, measured by complexity of the EEG-signal, diminishes (becomes less chaotic) when consciousness is being “switched off”. So, consciousness may be described as a manifestation of deterministic chaos in the brain/mind.

Effectiveness Of Toilet Training Education On Mother's Behavior And Toddler Age Toilet Training Ability (18-36 Months)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Hafiko Andresni ◽  
Zahtamal Zahtamal ◽  
Winda Septiani ◽  
Mitra Mitra ◽  
Lita Lita
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Knowledge ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Toilet training is an effort to train children to be able to control and urinate (BAK) and defecate (BAB). Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children at toddler age. Toilet training is one of the main tasks of children in toddler age which is very important to be done to create independence in children in controlling BAK and BAB and children know the parts of the body and their functions. Data in 2012 shows that ± 60% of parents do not teach toilet training to children from an early age. The aim of the study was to find out the effectiveness of toilet training education on maternal behavior and toilet skills in toddler age training (18-36 months). The study was conducted in July-August 2018. This type of quantitative research used the design of the Quasy pretest and posttest experiment with non-equivalent control group design. Samples were 36 mothers and 36 children with purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used Paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Man-Whitney test an Independent t test. The results showed that toilet training education through lecture methods, modules and maze games was more effective than toilet training education through lecture and leaflet methods on children's knowledge and abilities. Conversely, for the role of mothers in supervision there is no significant difference in effectiveness. Health education is recommended in health promotion programs to increase maternal knowledge, the role of mothers and the ability of toilet training children independently. Keywords: Toilet training, Lecture method, Module, Maze game, Leaflet, Knowledge, Role of mother, Children's ability.

THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN CAN THO CITY, 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
Chu Cao Minh ◽  
Thang Vo Van ◽  
Dat Nguyen Tan ◽  
Hung Vo Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Medicine ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Can Tho City

Background: The criteria set of assessing hospital quality in Vietnam in 2016 was revied from the criteria set in 2013 by the Ministry of Health in order to help hospitals to self-assess towards improvinge quality of hospitals in the international integration context. The study aimed to assess the quality of public hospitals in Can Tho City according to the revised criteria set of the Ministry of Health in 2016 and compare the quality among three hospital ranks (including grade I, grade II, and grade III) via to 5 groups of quality criteria. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using secondary data analysis was applied to assess the service quality of 7 general public hospitals in Can Tho City. Results: The average total score of 7 hospitals is 245 and the average for the criteria of 7 hospitals is 2.99, which is just satisfactory. In the criterion of quality, criterion D and E had the lowest scores compared to the other three groups. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.076) among the mean scores for the three hospital categories. Conclusion: The quality of public hospitals in Can Tho city in 2016 only reached moderately good level (2.99). Interventions should be developed to improve the quality of hospitals, with particular emphasis on improving the quality of criteria groups D and E. Key words: Quality, hospital, medicine, health, public, Can Tho

scholarly journals Can the cytokine adsorber CytoSorb® help to mitigate cytokine storm and reduce mortality in critically ill patients? A propensity score matching analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Scharf ◽  
Ines Schroeder ◽  
Michael Paal ◽  
Martin Winkels ◽  
Michael Irlbeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Saps Ii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background A cytokine storm is life threatening for critically ill patients and is mainly caused by sepsis or severe trauma. In combination with supportive therapy, the cytokine adsorber Cytosorb® (CS) is increasingly used for the treatment of cytokine storm. However, it is questionable whether its use is actually beneficial in these patients. Methods Patients with an interleukin-6 (IL-6) > 10,000 pg/ml were retrospectively included between October 2014 and May 2020 and were divided into two groups (group 1: CS therapy; group 2: no CS therapy). Inclusion criteria were a regularly measured IL-6 and, for patients allocated to group 1, CS therapy for at least 90 min. A propensity score (PS) matching analysis with significant baseline differences as predictors (Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, renal replacement therapy, IL-6, lactate and norepinephrine demand) was performed to compare both groups (adjustment tolerance: < 0.05; standardization tolerance: < 10%). U-test and Fisher’s-test were used for independent variables and the Wilcoxon test was used for dependent variables. Results In total, 143 patients were included in the initial evaluation (group 1: 38; group 2: 105). Nineteen comparable pairings could be formed (mean initial IL-6: 58,385 vs. 59,812 pg/ml; mean SAPS II: 77 vs. 75). There was a significant reduction in IL-6 in patients with (p < 0.001) and without CS treatment (p = 0.005). However, there was no significant difference (p = 0.708) in the median relative reduction in both groups (89% vs. 80%). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the relative change in C-reactive protein, lactate, or norepinephrine demand in either group and the in-hospital mortality was similar between groups (73.7%). Conclusion Our study showed no difference in IL-6 reduction, hemodynamic stabilization, or mortality in patients with Cytosorb® treatment compared to a matched patient population.

scholarly journals Eye-blink artifact removal from single channel EEG with k-means and SSA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Maddirala ◽  
Kalyana C Veluvolu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Singular Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Blink Artifact

AbstractIn recent years, the usage of portable electroencephalogram (EEG) devices are becoming popular for both clinical and non-clinical applications. In order to provide more comfort to the subject and measure the EEG signals for several hours, these devices usually consists of fewer EEG channels or even with a single EEG channel. However, electrooculogram (EOG) signal, also known as eye-blink artifact, produced by involuntary movement of eyelids, always contaminate the EEG signals. Very few techniques are available to remove these artifacts from single channel EEG and most of these techniques modify the uncontaminated regions of the EEG signal. In this paper, we developed a new framework that combines unsupervised machine learning algorithm (k-means) and singular spectrum analysis (SSA) technique to remove eye blink artifact without modifying actual EEG signal. The novelty of the work lies in the extraction of the eye-blink artifact based on the time-domain features of the EEG signal and the unsupervised machine learning algorithm. The extracted eye-blink artifact is further processed by the SSA method and finally subtracted from the contaminated single channel EEG signal to obtain the corrected EEG signal. Results with synthetic and real EEG signals demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over the existing methods. Moreover, the frequency based measures [the power spectrum ratio ($$\Gamma $$ Γ ) and the mean absolute error (MAE)] also show that the proposed method does not modify the uncontaminated regions of the EEG signal while removing the eye-blink artifact.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Kynurenine Metabolism and Its Effect in Mitochondrial Function in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 124-125
Author(s):  
Raul Castro-Portuguez ◽  
Samuel Freitas ◽  
George Sutphin
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Nad Synthesis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kynurenine Metabolism

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent cancer in the liver. The majority of ingested tryptophan is processed in the liver through the kynurenine pathway, the endpoint of which is de novo NAD+ biosynthesis. Dysregulation of tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism and NAD+ synthesis may promote mitochondrial malfunction, tumor reprogramming, and carcinogenesis. Using a publicly available gene expression dataset from liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) samples available through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 371), we employed Principal Component Analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering, gene-pattern expression profiling, and survival analysis to cluster patients and determine overall survival. Our analysis of genes encoding kynurenine pathway enzymes determined that patients with high QPRT expression had a poor prognosis with decreased median survival, with no effect on the maximum survival. There is a significant difference in the survival between patients with high QPRT expression relative to patients with high HAAO/AFMID expression (HR = 1.2, [95% CI 0.5-1.8] P = 0.0181, Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon Test). Patients with high QPRT expression have higher survival rates compared with low QPRT expression (HR = 1.4, [95% CI 0.9-2.2] P = 0.0344, Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon Test). To test the consequences of kynurenine-pathway inhibition in mitochondrial function and morphology we use 4-Cl-3HAA, an irreversible HAAO inhibitor, and observed a small increase in mitochondrial fragmentation in HepG2 cells after 24 hours of treatment. We conclude that kynurenine metabolism may be useful as a biomarker to predict patient prognosis among HCC patients. In ongoing work, we are testing QPRT inhibitors in cell culture as a potential adjuvant for chemotherapies.

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