scholarly journals Ekmeklik ve Makarnalık Buğdaylara Uygulanan Çinko Dozlarının Kadmiyum Alımına Etkisi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1713
Author(s):  
Faruk Özkutlu ◽  
Halil Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Durum Wheat Variety

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of zinc application on Cd uptake of bread (Karacadağ) and durum (Harran-95) wheat growing in high Cd concentrations. Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions in Zn-deficient calcareous soil. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replicates. In the experiment, Cd was applied 0 (Cd0) and 10 (Cd10) mg kg-1. The Zn application was 10 mg kg-1 Zn (soil+leaf) (10 mg kg-1 Zn + 3 applications from leaf; 10 mg kg-1 Zn + 8 applications from leaf). The Zn application was started at the end of the tillering stage in ZnSO4.7H2O form at 0.1% dose as 3 (3F) and 8 (8F) times of leaf application per a week. The plants were harvested at grain maturity stage and the Cd and Zn concentrations of grains were determined. The results revealed that Zn concentrations of both bread and durum wheat varieties were significantly increased with the soil Zn and soil+leaf Zn applications. The Cd accumulation in Harran-95 variety with soil Cd treatment was higher than that of Karacadağ variety. The Cd concentration (31 μg kg-1) in the control conditions of Karacadağ varieties increased to 3.616 μg kg-1 in Cd 10 conditions, which was 70 μg kg-1 in control conditions of Harran variety and increased to 8.434 μg kg-1 in Cd10 conditions. However, soil and leaf Zn applications have significantly reduced the grain Cd concentrations of durum wheat variety. Cadmium concentration in Harran-95 cultivar at Cd10 dose was 8.434 μg kg-1 before addition of Zn, and it was decreased to 6.464 μg kg-1, to 7.932 μg kg-1 and to 6.745 μg kg-1 with Zn10, Zn10+3Y and Zn10+8Y applications, respectively. The results showed that the durum wheat variety removed higher Cd than the bread wheat variety. In addition, the decrease in grain Cd concentrations was the highest in durum wheat variety with the soil and leaf Zn applications.

scholarly journals Thermal and radiation effect studies of different wheat varieties in Chhattisgarh plains zone under rice-wheat cropping system

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
J. L. CHAUDHARY ◽  
S. R. PATEL ◽  
N. MANIKANDAN ◽  
RAJESH KHAVSE ◽  
P. K. VERMA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sowing Dates

Field experiment was conducted during Rabi seasons of 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13 at Research and Instructional Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur to examine and study the phenology, accumulation of growing degree days (GDD), heliothermal units (HTU), photothermal unit (PTU) and performance of wheat (Triticum aestivam L.) of four wheat varieties grown under five different sowing dates in factorial Randomized Block Design. It was observed that GDDs got reduced significantly with subsequent delay in sowing time. For our study purpose and as per package of practices, 25 November D1 can be taken as early sowing and D2 - 5 December as timely sowing conditions.  The wheat varieties Amar and Sujata took highest GDD, HTU and PTU to maturity.  On the mean basis the variety Kanchan produced highest grain yield (3147 kg/ha) followed by GW-273 (2947 kg/ha).  The significant reduction in grain yield was recorded when sowing was delayed beyond D2 - December 05.  Among the wheat varieties Kanchan showed better performance in terms of RUE followed by GW-273 and Sujata. Highest HUE was observed in wheat variety Kanchan followed by Sujata and GW-273. Varieties giving higher yield, RUE and HUE are identified under varying growing environments so as to suggest the appropriate sowing dates of wheat varieties in Chhattisgarh plains. GDD is giving consistent results as its variability is least varying between 3.4-5.3 per cent for different varieties and therefore it is reliable index for studying environmental effects on wheat in this region. Lowest RUE was observed under 5 January sowing (D5) in the all varieties which leads to conclusion that this sowing date must be avoided and wheat crop sowing must be completed latest by 25 December to avoid adverse effects on productivity.       

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of DSSAT CERES Wheat Model under Different Thermal and Irrigation Regimes at Prayagraj

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-140
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Prasanna Aggile ◽  
Shradhha Rawat ◽  
Shweta Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Irrigation Levels

The present study was planned to determine the phenology and heat unit requirement of promising wheat varieties under different crop growing environment of Prayagraj, India.  Delay in sowing of wheat results into reduction in the grain yield as the crop exposes to high temperature at phenological stages. A field experiment on wheat (variety PBW-502) was conducted at the farm nursery, College of Forestry, SHUATS, Prayagraj during rabi seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20. The experiment was conducted in factorial randomized block design and replicated thrice with three dates of sowing and five irrigation levels. The yield attributes (grain and biological yield) were significantly influenced by sowing dates and irrigation levels. The significantly highest grain and biological yield were recorded in crop sown on 15th November as compared to other dates of sowing. Among different irrigation levels, grain and biological yield were significantly more in I5 (CRI+ tillering + jointing + anthesis + maturity) treatment over the other irrigation levels. DSSAT CERES-Wheat model suggests good model performance at optimum irrigation at Prayagraj under stress condition.

scholarly journals “Eyrena” is a winter durum wheat variety adapted to the abiotic and biotic factors of environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
N. E. Samofalova ◽  
N. P. Ilichkina ◽  
O. A. Dubinina ◽  
E. V. Ionova ◽  
T. S. Makarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
Durum Wheat Variety

The developed winter durum wheat varieties should combine potential productivity with resistance to abiotic and biotic environmental factors through increased adaptability. The purpose of the study is to evaluate a new winter durum wheat variety “Eyrena” according to its productivity, stress factors resistance and grain quality. The current study of the variety sown after peas, maize for grain, sunflower and in green fallow was performed at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2014–2018. There have been presented morphological, biological, economically valuable traits of the variety “Eyrena” included in the State List of the Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation in the North Caucasus Region since 2017. The variety is characterized with a high and stable productivity potential. The average productivity over the years of study in the competitive variety testing (2015–2018) ranged according to the forecrops as follows: 8.47 t/ha (green fallow), 6.99 t/ha (peas), 7.29 t/ha (maize for grain), 6.47 t/ha (sunflower). The average increase to the indicators of the standard variety was 0.52; 0.57; 1.41 and 0.75 t/ha, respectively. The maximum productivity (11.80 t/ha) was obtained in the variant with green fallow in 2018. The new variety, in comparison with the standard one, has an increased heat and drought resistance both in the initial phases of plant growth and development and in subsequent periods of active vegetation, has sufficient winter tolerance, and resistance to the main diseases specific for the region. Qualitative traits of grain, groats, pasta comply with the GOST requirements in the country and existing durum wheat standards. The grain hardness on average over the years of study is up to 90% and higher, nature weight is 804 g/l, falling number is 405 sec., protein content in the grain is 3.9%, gluten content is 25.2%, gluten quality (SDS test) is 37 ml, amount of carotenoid is 600 μg/%, pasta color is 4.3 points. The variety “Eyrena”, having a high productivity potential and stability, a number of positive economically valuable traits, can be a good partner to the varieties of this grain crop in the region.

scholarly journals Deoxynivalenol content in wheat dust versus wheat grain: a comparative study

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sanders ◽  
S. Landschoot ◽  
K. Audenaert ◽  
G. Haesaert ◽  
M. Eeckhout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
The Impact

The present study, set up in the growing season 2011-2012, was designed to obtain quantitative data on the occurrence of deoxynivalenol in wheat grain and the corresponding wheat dust. The field experiment consisted of a complete randomised block design with five wheat varieties sown on a field on which maize was grown in the previous season. The impact of the tillage method and the influence of the wheat variety resistance on the deoxynivalenol content of wheat and wheat dust were investigated. The accumulation of deoxynivalenol in wheat dust was confirmed and a sigmoidal relationship between the deoxynivalenol content in wheat dust versus wheat grain was determined. Deoxynivalenol reduction was obtained by ploughing and by sowing moderately resistant wheat varieties. As wheat dust provides equal results and solves the problem of heterogeneity during sampling of conventional wheat matrix, the sampling of wheat dust can be considered as a promising alternative.

scholarly journals Breeding durum wheat of an alternative growing cycle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Mudrova ◽  
◽  
A.S. Yanovsky ◽  
L.A. Bespalova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Durum Wheat Variety ◽  
Variety Testing

The aim of the research was to create durum wheat variety of an alternative growing cycle with genetically determined increased plasticity and adaptability. Created variety “Cordon” is characterized by high immunity to leaf diseases; it is affected by spike fusarium weaker than the standard one. In terms of yield, the studied variety was close to the highly productive varieties of winter soft wheat ‘Tanya’ and ‘Yuka’. In competitive variety testing in 2016 and 2017, its advantage in productivity compared to varieties of spring durum wheat was noted; high grain quality parameters were saved, too. The frost resistance was also not inferior to the standard variety ‘Krupinka’.

scholarly journals The spring durum wheat variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Yubileinaya’

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
P. N. Malchikov ◽  
M. G. Myasnikova ◽  
T. V. Chukheeva
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Production Region ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Research Institute

The Middle Volga region is traditionally a production region of high-quality durum wheat. For sustainable grain crop production, a system of durum wheat varieties’ breeding is being developed here. For its diversification there has been developed the new variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Yubileinaya’. The breeding process from hybridization of the variety to its study in the competitive variety testing was carried out in the experimental plots of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture. The competitive variety testing was carried out in parallel at the Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology. There was conducted the ecological and geographical study in the KASIB system for 2 years (in 2017 and 2018) in 9 eco-points of various institutions in Russia and Kazakhstan. During the period of the variety development (2004–2020) there were spring and summer droughts, one being very strong and 6 being strong, 2 being strong spring and one strong summer droughts, one moderate spring-summer and one moderate spring drought. In the same period, there was an epiphytotics of various pathogens for 5 years. When studied in the competitive variety testing, there were severe spring-summer droughts in 2016, 2018, 2019; there was an epiphytotics of leaf blotches (fusarium, pyrenophorosis) and stem rust in 2016. The years 2017 and 2020 were favorable for the grain yield formation. The realized productivity of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Yubileinaya’ was 6.04 t/ha at FSBSI FANTSA (Altai Research Institute of Agriculture) in 2018. In the competitive variety testing of the Samara Research Institute of Agriculture, the new variety productivity exceeded that of the standard one on 0.25 t/ha for 5 years. According to drought resistance, resistance to leaf rust, the variety had an advantage over the standard one. The variety is resistant (R/MR type of resistance) to leaf blotches, grain and pasta quality is at the standard level. The purpose of the current work was to describe the methods of development, properties and testing traits of the new variety.

scholarly journals Evaluation of septoria (Septoria nodorum) tolerance in wheat varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Dagiimaa Ivanov ◽  
Otgonbayar Baasansuren ◽  
Mayagmarsuren Yadamsuren ◽  
Ulziisaikhan Davaasambuu
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Septoria Nodorum ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Disease Progress ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Other World

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the ascomycete fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph S. tritici) is currently one of the most serious foliar disease of wheat in Mongolia and other world regions characterized by temperate and wet environment during growing season. Fifty-one  wheat genotypes with different resistance levels were evaluated in natural conditions for their reaction to S. tritici attack during 2017-2019 year. The experimental design was a randomized block design with two replications. Disease rating was visually recorded by using the scale (0-9) in two different times and crop stages (Z53-1/4 head out and Z70-milk development). There were also calculated the Septoria Progress Coefficient (SPC) and Area under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) for each wheat genotype evaluated. SPC was low for the higher genotypes comparatively with the shortest ones leading to the conclusion that disease progress is higher as plant height is low (r=-0.96**). The same aspect was also emphasized by the waek correlation between plants height and disease progress height (r=0.28**).The shortest genotypes showed higher necrosis percentage and AUDPC values. There was also a correspondence between genotype susceptibility and AUDPC showing that the most susceptible wheat cultivars recorded higher AUDPC values. The highest AUDPC values while Darkhan-201 (131), Darkhan-218 (163) and Omskau-36 (82) had the best resistance reaction to S. tritici attack. Зусах буудайн сортуудад септориоз (Septoria nodorum) өвчний тэсвэрлэлтийг үнэлсэн дүн Сүүлийн үеийн газар тариалангийн менежмент болон практик арга нь ээлжлэн тариалалтын сэлгээг баримтлахгүй жил дараалан үр тарианы ургамлыг тариалах болсон зэрэг нь навчны өвчлөл болон түрүүний өвчлөл ихсэх зүй тогтол ажиглагдаж байна. Талбайн нөхцөлд нийт 51 сортод септориоз өвчин тэсвэрлэлтийн үнэлгээг ерөнхий мөрддөг 0-9 баллаар буудайн түрүүлэлтээс, сүүн болц хүртлэх хугаанд ажиглалт хэмжилт хийсэн. Септориозийн тархалтын коэффициент (SPC), өвчний тархалтын муруй (AUDPC)-г тооцолсон. Септориоз өвчин тэсвэрээр Дархан-201, Дархан-217, Омская-36 сортууд тэсвэртэй ангилалд хамаарагдаж байна. Тэсвэртэй сортууд нь өртөмтгий сортууд өвчлөлийн хувьд 81.0-737.7 хэлбэлзэл ихтэй нь сортуудын хооронд ялгаа их байгааг өвчний тархалтын муруй нь (AUDPC) –ийн утга харуулж байна. Өвчний тархалтын муруй (AUDPC) нь ургамлын өндөр болон өвчлөлтийн өндрийн хязгаар (r=-0.78**) сөрөг хамааралтай. Харин  өвчний тархалтын хувь нь септориозийн тархалтын коэффициент (r=0.789**), өвчлөлтийн өндрийн хязгаартай (r=0.651**) нягт хамааралтай байна. Септориоз өвчний хор хөнөөлийн коэффициентыг гаргахад ургацыг 22.4-67.2%-иар бууруулаж байна. Септориоз өвчний халдвар ихсэх тусам ургацын бууралт нэмэгдэх зүй тогтол ажиглагдаж байна.  Түлхүүр үг: AUDPC, септориоз, өвчин тэсвэрлэлт, сорт

scholarly journals Yasenka’ is a new word in obtaining the ‘golden grain’ of durum wheat

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
А. А. Mudrova ◽  
A. S. Yanovsky ◽  
L. А. Bespalova ◽  
А. N. Borovik
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Russian Federation

The purpose of the current study was to develop a new drought-resistant initial material, adapted to local conditions and spring durum wheat varieties on its basis. Due to the method of intraspecific hybridization and individual selection, there has been developed the spring durum wheat variety ‘Yasenka’ in the F5 hybrid combination obtained from crossing the varieties ‘Lilek x Nikolasha’. The developed variety is short-stemmed, middle maturing, resistant to drought and lodging. Its potential productivity is high, due to the maximum yield of 6.44 tons per hectare obtained in 2017 when sowing after peas. On average, over three years of competitive variety testing (2015–2017), its yield was 6.02 tons per hectare, which is higher than that of the varieties ‘Volnodonskaya’ on 1.08 and ‘Nikolasha’ on 0.40 tons per hectare. There has been found an advantage in terms of productivity over other varieties when sowing at a later date. Grain and pasta quality indicators are high. When evaluating grain according to the international standard ISO 21415-2, the variety ‘Yasenka’ showed a high Gluten Index (94) and a Minolta color index “b” (30), which corre- sponds to the world quality level. Under natural conditions, it is characterized by field resistance to the main leaf fungal diseases. Against the background of artificial infection, there has been established high resistance to head smut, powdery mildew and hard smut, resistance to septoria blotch and brown rust, moderate susceptibility to head blight. The variety has been included into the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation since 2018 and it’s protected by the patent of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Respons Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Jagung Di Tailing Tambang Timah Terkontaminasi Kadmium Setelah Inokulasi Bakteri Indogenus

Agrologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginawanti Hindersah ◽  
James Matheus
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Bacterial Proliferation ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Soil Cd

Contaminant levels of cadmium (Cd) in tin mine tailings often exceeds the upper limit.  Relatively high Cd content might  decrease crop yields and threatened food chain. Bioremediation by using  indigenous microbes to lower soil Cd shoud be done prior to use tailings for cultivation. The objective of this experiment was to obtain information about the capacity of  indigenous bacterias to induce bacterial proliferation  in the rhizosphere, corn growth during the early vegetative stage and change the concentration of Cd in soil and plants. Pot experiment was set up in  a Randomized Block Design consist of several combination of  two bacterial isolates and their doses.  Maize seeds were sown in  tailings from the mine site on the island of Bangka and inoculated with indigenous bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial inoculation increased number of bacteria in the rhizosphere  and plant height, but only isolates BKH1 with a dose of 5 mL/plants that increased plant dry weight. Soil Cd content decreased when inoculated by bacteria although not statistically significant, while the effect of inoculation on plant Cd uptake was inconsistent.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PARAMETERS IN DIFFERENT WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) VARIETIES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona VAGUSEVICIENĖ ◽  
Sonata KAZLAUSKAITĖ ◽  
Aiste JUCHNEVICIENĖ ◽  
Asta BYLAITE ◽  
Audrone ŽEBRAUSKIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Alcohol Extract

Dynamics of photosynthesis pigments in the leaves of different varieties of winter wheat during the vegetation period is analyzed in the paper. The accumulation of pigments in the plant depends on the physiological activity, growth and development of the plant, therefore the composition and content of photosynthesis pigments chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids reflect the general condition of the plant. The ratio of chlorophyll a / b for normal photosynthesis activity in the leaves of the plant should be at least 1:3. The object of the research is different varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - 'Artist', 'Edvin', 'Skagen', 'Bertold' and 'Viola'. Field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University in 2015-2016. Soil type was identified as IDg8 - k (LVg - p - w - cc) - shallow calcareous luvisol (Calc (ar) i - Epihypogleyic Luvisols). Agrochemical parameters of the soil were determined using accepted analytical methods. The content of photosynthesis pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) in green leaf mass was determined in 96% ethyl alcohol extract applying spectrophotometric Wettstein method, “Genesys” 6 spectrophotometer. The photosynthesis productivity (Fpr) was calculated according to the formula: Fpr = 2 (M2-M1) / (L1 + L2) T. The accuracy of the data analysis was estimated according to the standard measurement deviation from the mean. The highest content of photosynthesis pigments has been accumulated by winter wheat variety 'Skagen'. The best result has been observed at the end of nodding stage. A lower content of photosynthesis pigments has been found in the leaves of 'Edvin', 'Viola' and 'Artist' varieties. The highest photosynthesis productivity of all winter wheat varieties has been recorded at the end of nodding stage, and decrease of photosynthesis productivity has been observed since milk maturity stage.

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