scholarly journals Changes in Serum Mineral Composition During Poxvirus Infection in Sheep and Their Lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Başaran Karademir
Keyword(s):  
Infected Animal ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
Vital Function ◽  
Healthy Sheep ◽  
Serum Zn ◽  
Rapid Healing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Mineral Levels

Minerals have crucial roles in terms of vital function in the organism including hormones, enzymes, cell formation etc. Oxidative stress and related hormones, regarding infectious diseases, affect all functions of body including mineral taking, metabolism and excretion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the pox disease on blood minerals composition of sheep and lambs. This study was conducted on 20 healthy sheep, 20 poxvirus infected sheep and their lambs (Totally 80 subjects). One-shot blood samples from sheep and lambs were collected and serums were separated immediately. Serum mineral levels were analysed in the atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In general, the level of Cu in infected animals was higher than in healthy ones. Zn, Fe, Mg and Na levels of healthy animals were found higher than infected subjects. The difference between healthy and infected animal groups for serum Ca and K levels was not significant. Positive correlations were found between serum Zn, Fe, Mg and Na levels. However, a negative correlation was found between Cu-Zn and Cu-Fe pairs. Consequently, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mg and Na levels in serum, which are vital for animal organisms, showed significant changes in sheep and their lambs during poxvirus infection. To rapid healing or prevention of the diseases, mineral disorders must be corrected urgently.

Objective and Subjective Outcomes in Patients with Hearing Aids: A Cross-Sectional, Comparative, Associational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xunyi Wang ◽  
Yun Zheng ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Jingzhe Lu ◽  
Yan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Objective Tests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Subjective Outcomes

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Outcome assessment for hearing aids (HAs) is an essential part of HA fitting and validation. There is no consensus about the best or standard approach for evaluating HA outcomes. And, the relationship between objective and subjective measures is ambiguous. This study aimed to determine the outcomes after HA fitting, explore correlations between subjective benefit and acoustic gain improvement as well as objective audiologic tests, and investigate several variables that may improve patients’ perceived benefits. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Eighty adults with bilateral symmetrical hearing loss using HAs for at least 1 month were included in this study. All subjects completed the pure tone average (PTA) threshold and word recognition score (WRS) tests in unaided and aided conditions. We also administered the Chinese version of International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA), to measure participants’ subjective benefits. Objective HA benefit (acoustic gain improvement) was defined as the difference in thresholds or scores between aided and unaided conditions indicated with ΔPTA and ΔWRS. Thus, patients’ baseline hearing levels were taken into account. Correlations were assessed among objective audiologic tests (PTA and WRS), acoustic gain improvement (ΔPTA and ΔWRS), multiple potential factors, and IOI-HA overall scores. <b><i>Results:</i></b> PTA decreased significantly, but WRS did not increase when aided listening was compared to unaided listening. Negative correlations between PTAs and IOI-HA scores were significant but weak (<i>r</i> = −0.370 and <i>r</i> = −0.393, all <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). Significant weak positive correlations were found between WRSs and IOI-HA (<i>r</i> = 0.386 and <i>r</i> = 0.309, all <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). However, there was no correlation among ΔPTA, ΔWRS, and IOI-HA (<i>r</i> = 0.056 and <i>r</i> = −0.086, all <i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05). Moreover, 2 nonaudiological factors (age and daily use time) were significantly correlated with IOI-HA (<i>r</i> = −0.269 and <i>r</i> = 0.242, all <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Correlations among objective audiologic tests, acoustic gain, and subjective patient-reported outcomes were weak or absent. Subjective questionnaires and objective tests do not reflect the same hearing capability. Therefore, it is advisable to evaluate both objective and subjective outcomes when analyzing HA benefits on a regular basis and pay equal attention to nonaudiological and audiological factors.

scholarly journals Self-efficacy, Adaptability and Intention of Searching for Vocational Guidance in Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Augusto Matteo Ambiel ◽  
Thaline da Cunha Moreira ◽  
Dianniffer Aparecida Oliveira ◽  
Edson Cardoso Pereira ◽  
Débora Noemi Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Vocational Guidance ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Vocational guidance (VG) involves several variables that can help the individual to make a professional choice and build his or her career. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy for professional choice and career adaptability in high school students, as well as to verify possible differences regarding the intention or not to participate in a VG process. 272 students participated in this study, from a public school, aged between 14 and 19 years, 51.5% female. A Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Self-efficacy Scale for Professional Choice (EAE-EP) and the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale (CAAS-Brazil) were applied. From the Pearson correlation analysis, ANOVA and Cohen’s d, the results indicated positive correlations between the constructs, in addition, it was observed the difference between the students who would like or not to undergo a VG process. Implications for the practice are discussed.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Serum Mineral Levels of Healthy Norduz and Hair Goats Raised in Semi-Intensive Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1795-1802
Author(s):  
Ayşe Özge Demir ◽  
Ferda Karakuş ◽  
Suna Akkol
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Serum Minerals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Ppm Level

The aim of this study was to determine the some serum minerals and their interactions between in 2, 3 and 4 years-old healthy Norduz (n=45) and Hair (n=31) goats raised in semi-intensive conditions. Mineral levels were determined with Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) in ppm level. Results were calculated as Fe 1.578±0.088 and 1.379±0.095 mmol/L, Cu 1.300±0.067 and 1.303±0.080 mg/L, Zn 0.972±0.029 and 0.937±0.029 mg/L, K 4.574±0.091 and 2.102±0.074 mmol/L, Mg 2.089±0.057 and 4.670±0.098 mmol/L, Mn 2.163±0.152 and 2.215±0.198 mg/L, Pb 0.078±0.005 and 0.087±0.006 mg/L for Norduz and Hair goats, respectively. While the differences in the mineral levels of hair goats were not significant, significant differences has been found between the age groups in terms of K, F and Pb in Norduz goats. In addition, while there was no statistically significant difference between 3-year-old goats, statistically significant differences hs been found for Fe and 2-year-old goats K and Mg in 4-year-old goats. Moreover, with respect to correlation coefficients, positive correlations were obtained both between K-Mg at Norduz goats and between Fe-Cu, Fe-K, Fe-Mg, K-Mg at Hair goats in all years-old groups.

Effects of soils, fertilizers and stocking rates on pastures and beef production on the Wallum of south-eastern Queensland. 3. Relation of liveweight changes to chemical composition of blood and pasture

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (64) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
RF Thornton ◽  
DJ Minson
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Treatment Comparisons ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

During the concluding phase of a six-year grazing trial a study was made of the steers and the pasture material from paddocks annually fertilized with 125 kg ha-1and 250 kg ha-1of superphosphate. Plucked pasture samples from the low and high superphosphate treatments contained 0.11 and 0.15 per cent phosphorus, 0.83 and 0.91 per cent nitrogen and 0.12 and 0.12 per cent sulphur, respectively. The N: S ratio of these samples were 6.8 and 7.6 and the in vitro digestibilities were 41.6 and 44.9 per cent. There were marked seasonal patterns in the concentrations of all components with minimum values in the winter months when liveweight gain was lowest. Greater superphosphate application increased mean liveweight gain (0.29 to 0.41 kg head-1day-1), mean plasma concentrations of both urea-nitrogen (6.3 vs 5.0 mg 100 ml-1) and of inorganic phosphorus (6.7 vs 6.3 mg 100 ml-1). The mean blood sulphate-sulphur concentration of 28 �g ml-I was not influenced by treatment. Comparisons of the levels of nutrients in pasture and blood with published requirements indicated that neither sulphur nor phosphorus were deficient in either treatment. However, the between treatment differences in both nitrogen and phosphorus levels could not be ignored as possible reasons for the difference in animal production between the two levels of superphosphate application. Improved animal performance associated with increased application of superphosphate was probably influenced more by the induced changes in the organic components rather than the mineral levels of the pasture material.

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Galactose-Deficient IgA1 by KM55 in Patients with IgA Nephropathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1196-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Qiongqiong Li ◽  
Yaru Zhang ◽  
Wenya Shang ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Activation Products ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
High Level

Background: Aberrant galactose-deficient IgA1 molecules (Gd-IgA1) are important causal factors in IgA nephropathy (IgAN); however, the detection of Gd-IgA1 in IgAN is complicated and instable. A monoclonal antibody, KM55, which specifically recognizes Gd-IgA1 has been developed. In the present study, we further explored the clinical significance of Gd-IgA1 using KM55. Methods: In this study, we enrolled 75 patients with IgAN and 80 healthy controls and detected the plasma Gd-IgA1 levels using the KM55 ELISA method. We also stained ­mesangial Gd-IgA1 deposition using KM55. Results: We observed that the levels of plasma Gd-IgA1 in IgAN patients were elevated compared to the corresponding levels of healthy controls. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the median of Gd-IgA1. Patients with high Gd-IgA1 levels had significantly higher levels of uric acid (UA) and IgA. The other clinical manifestations demonstrated that there were no differences in age, sex, blood pressure, initial proteinuria, hematuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate and Oxford pathological classification between the 2 groups of patients. In addition, positive correlations were observed between Gd-IgA1 and Bb, C3a, C4d and MAC. Mesangial Gd-IgA1 was positive in IgAN but negative in the normal renal tissue adjacent to neoplasm. We next analyzed the correlation between plasma Gd-IgA1 and mesangial Gd-IgA1 deposition. The results showed that a high level of plasma Gd-IgA1 was related to the deposition of mesangial Gd-IgA1, although the difference was not significant. Conclusion: We verified the elevated level of plasma and ­mesangial Gd-IgA1 in patients with IgAN by KM55, which provided an alternative, easy, and reliable tool for diagnosis and activity assessment of IgAN. The level of plasma Gd-IgA1 positively correlated with levels of UA, total IgA levels, and complement activation products.

The living, the dead, and the expected dead: variation in life span yields little bias of proportional abundances in bivalve death assemblages

Paleobiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Kidwell ◽  
Thomas A. Rothfus
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Population Turnover ◽  
Marine Bivalves ◽  
Death Assemblages ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Biological Relationship ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations

All else being equal, species with short life spans are expected to be overrepresented in time-averaged death assemblages relative to their standing abundance in the living community, but the magnitude of the distortion of proportional abundance and assemblage evenness has received little attention. Here, information from 30 data sets on the living and dead abundances of marine bivalves in local habitats is combined with a global compilation of bivalve life spans to determine whether bias from mortality rate can explain observed differences in species proportional abundances. Although bivalve maximum life spans range from one to 75 years in these data sets, indicating annual mortality rates of 0.97 to 0.09, the “life span bias” (LB) of a species–the difference between its proportional abundance expected dead and that observed alive–is consistently small in magnitude (average change <2%, maximum about 20%) and random in sign relative to observed discordance (OD = difference between that species' proportional abundance observed dead and that observed alive). The aggregate result for 413 living species occurrences is a significantly positive but weak correlation of OD to LB, with only 10% of variation in OD explained. The model performs better among longer-lived species than among shorter-lived species, probably because longer-lived species conform better to the model assumption that species maintain a constant proportional abundance in the living assemblage over time. Among individual data sets, only seven exhibit significant positive correlations between OD and LB. The model also under-predicts the cases where a death assemblage is dominated by a species that is shorter lived than the dominant species in the living assemblage, indicating that some factor(s) other than or in addition to mortality rate is responsible for OD. We can find no evidence of preservational bias linked to life span, for example through body size. This negative outcome reflects a weak biological relationship between life span and living abundance among bivalves in local habitats, contrary to the terrestrial paradigm, and points toward a simpler model of time-averaged death assemblage formation where higher abundances reflect (under-sampled) past populations. Contrary to long-held expectations, variation in population turnover among species is not a major source of taphonomic bias in time-averaged death assemblages among bivalves and perhaps among other marine groups: bias must arise largely from other factors.

scholarly journals Akurasi petugas dalam penentuan sisa makanan pasien rawat inap menggunakan metode taksiran visual skala comstock 6 poin

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Susyani Susyani ◽  
Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono ◽  
Toto Sudargo
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plate Waste ◽  
Accuracy Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Hospital Wards

Background: bserving plate waste is categorized as a simple way but yet still needs evaluation. When many foods are wasted, a dietitian should quickly respond and know the best way how to overcome the matters. There are three accurate ways to determine plate waste: plate waste weighing, visual estimation, and 24 hours recall. The application of each method really depends on its purposes. According to previous researches there are significant and positive correlations between the visual estimation of Comstock Scale and plate waste weighing. Visual estimation, moreover, has more advantages as it is easy to apply, cheap, and less time consuming. Considering those advantages, visual estimation needs to be socialized and considered as a new accurate method besides weighing methods.Objective: The objective of this study is to know the medical official accuracy in determining plate waste using visual estimation of 6 point Comstock Scale.Methods: An observational study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. Subjects were nurses and meal servants from hospital wards. Before the meal served to the patient the food is weighed, than the observers officer has to observed portion sized. After the patient having meal, plate waste should be estimated using Comstock Scale by the officer after that the plate waste have to be weight to know the actual weigh. The accuracy difference between two groups in determining plate waste using Comstock Scale were analysed with t-test.Results: There was significant differences of accuracy (p=0.01) between nurse group and meal servant in estimating wasted rice and wasted meat (p=0.02). The difference were not due to the job factor but the significant of various meal (p=0.0001). The work experience is a significant factor in the accuracy of plate waste (p=0.42). There was no correlation between kind of job and kind of meal (p=0.47), and kind of meal with the work experience (p=0.79).Conclusion: Visual estimation of 6 point Comstock scale could be used by both nurses and meal servant in determining plate waste.

scholarly journals A growth model for water distribution networks with loops

2021 ◽  
Vol 477 (2255) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashin Sugishita ◽  
Noha Abdel-Mottaleb ◽  
Qiong Zhang ◽  
Naoki Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Positive Correlations

Water distribution networks (WDNs) expand their service areas over time. These growth dynamics are poorly understood. One facet of WDNs is that they have loops in general, and closing loops may be a functionally important process for enhancing their robustness and efficiency. We propose a growth model for WDNs that generates networks with loops and is applicable to networks with multiple water sources. We apply the proposed model to four empirical WDNs to show that it produces networks whose structure is similar to that of the empirical WDNs. The comparison between the empirical and modelled WDNs suggests that the empirical WDNs may realize a reasonable balance between cost, efficiency and robustness in terms of the network structure. We also study the design of pipe diameters based on a biological positive feedback mechanism. Specifically, we apply a model inspired by Physarum polycephalum to find moderate positive correlations between the empirical and modelled pipe diameters. The difference between the empirical and modelled pipe diameters suggests that we may be able to improve the performance of WDNs by following organizing principles of biological flow networks.

scholarly journals PSVII-5 Zinc overload in weaned pigs: tissue accumulation, pathology, and growth impacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
Carson De Mille ◽  
Nicholas K Gabler ◽  
Eric R Burrough
Keyword(s):  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Serum Zn ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Feed Analysis ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

Abstract Pharmacological concentrations of zinc (Zn, 2000-3000 ppm) are commonly fed to nursery pigs. However, diet manufacturing errors can result in supra-pharmacological concentrations of Zn (>4000 ppm) being fed. Clinical and phenotypic data reflective of Zn associated morbidity in modern genotype pigs are poorly defined. Therefore, the study objective was to characterize the effect of dietary Zn overload on nursery pig performance, body mineral concentrations and pathologic changes. Fifty-five 21 d old weaned pigs (4.50 ± 0.2 kg BW) were randomly assigned to one of five Zn diet treatments for 21 d. Diets included: 1) Control no additional Zn (NC), 2) 6000 ppm Zn for 21 d (Zn6), 3) 6000 ppm Zn for 7 d plus 4000 ppm Zn for 14 d (Zn64), 4) 3000 ppm Zn for 7 d and no additional Zn for 14 d (Zn3), and 5) 3000 ppm Zn for 7 d plus 2000 ppm for 14 d (Zn32). All pigs were bled and weighed at d 0, 7 and 21, and ADFI and G:F were determined for the overall 21 d test period. Thereafter, all pigs were necropsied for histopathology and serum, tissue and feed trace mineral concentrations were determined. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer adjustment in JMP. Overall pig ADG, ADFI and G:F was not statistically different between treatments. Feeding greater than 6000 ppm Zn increased pancreatic Zn concentrations compared to other groups (P < 0.001), and pancreatic apoptosis was more frequent in pigs fed supra-pharmacological levels of Zn (P < 0.0001). Hepatic and serum Zn levels were highest in diet 2 and 3 pigs compared to the other diets (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0003 respectively) and only pigs from these treatments had serum Zn >2.0 ppm or hepatic Zn >500 ppm. Accordingly, these mineral levels should warrant further feed analysis if expected inclusion rates are 3,000 ppm Zn or less.

scholarly journals Structure Dependence of Poisson’s Ratio in Cesium Silicate and Borate Glasses

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2837
Author(s):  
Martin B. Østergaard ◽  
Mikkel S. Bødker ◽  
Morten M. Smedskjaer
Keyword(s):  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Silicate Glasses ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Borate Glasses ◽  
Oxide Glasses ◽  
Topological Constraint ◽  
Binary Glass ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations

In glass materials, Poisson’s ratio (ν) has been proposed to be correlated with a variety of features, including atomic packing density (Cg), liquid fragility (m), and network connectivity. To further investigate these correlations in oxide glasses, here, we study cesium borate and cesium silicate glasses with varying modifier/former ratio given the difference in network former coordination and because cesium results in relatively high ν compared to the smaller alkali modifiers. Within the binary glass series, we find positive correlations between ν on one hand and m and Cg on the other hand. The network former is found to greatly influence the correlation between ν and the number of bridging oxygens (nBO), with a negative correlation for silicate glasses and positive correlation for borate glasses. An analysis based on topological constraint theory shows that this difference cannot be explained by the effect of superstructural units on the network connectivity in lithium borate glasses. Considering a wider range of oxide glasses from the literature, we find that ν generally decreases with increasing network connectivity, but with notable exceptions for heavy alkali borate glasses and calcium alumino tectosilicate glasses.

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