scholarly journals Arah Kebijakan Sektor Pertanian di Indonesia untuk Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-154
Author(s):  
Ismi Imania Imania Ikhsani ◽  
Feninda Eka Tasya ◽  
Iradhad Taqwa Sihidi ◽  
Ali Roziqin ◽  
Ach Apriyanto Romadhan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Spatial Production ◽  
Utilization Of Technology ◽  
Production Practices

Agricultural policy is a government effort in regulating, controlling aspects of development in the agricultural sector with the aim of maintaining and increasing food yields. The great results of the objectives of agricultural policies will be able to be realized if they can be translated into concrete steps and can be implemented consistently in the field. Agricultural policy directions try to see the concept of policies developed and practices to realize the goals of agricultural policies in Indonesia. This study focuses on institutions, regulations and issues of inadequate budget allocation, human resources that are less qualified in the management of land and agricultural products. The purpose of this study is to describe the direction of Indonesian agricultural policy in facing the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. This research uses qualitative research with a literature review approach. The results showed that there was no synchronization of agricultural policies at various levels of government, low budgets for agricultural development, spatial production practices at the expense of agricultural land in boosting regional income and the low utilization of technology and diversification in the use of agricultural technology showed that agricultural conditions in Indonesia were at an alarming level. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately synchronize agricultural policies at various levels of government and the allocation policies for agricultural development funds.

scholarly journals Impact of Information Technology on Agriculture Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Agricultural Marketing ◽  
Agriculture Development

Agriculture plays an essential role in the economic and social development of Vietnam. However, the agricultural sector faces many challenges, some of which arise from the Industrial Revolution 4.0, such as the application of Information Technology (IT). This paper illustrates the impacts of IT on agricultural development, online agricultural marketing, climate change adaptation, food security, and food safety in Vietnam. Research results show that for the agricultural sector to succeed in the 21st century, Vietnam must intensify its application of IT, make agricultural policy improvements, invest more in education, improve the qualification of receiving science and technology, and identify new agricultural production opportunities for the labour force.

Political Economy of Land Tax in Pakistan

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 839-853
Author(s):  
Sarfraz Khan Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Finance Development ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
Formed Part

Taxation of the agricultural sector is a major instrument for mobilization of the surplus to finance development projects within the agricultural sector and/or the rest of the economy. For many years, the need for a heavier taxation of agricultural land has formed part of the conventional wisdom regarding the ways of extracting agricultural surplus and increasing the tempo of agricultural development in poor countries. Land taxes have both equity and efficiency properties that gladden the hearts of both economists and vocal politicians belonging to urban areas. Taxes on land promote efficiency in the allocation of scarce resources by creating incentives for farmers to increase their effort and reduce their consumption, thus expanding the amount of agricultural produce available to the non-agricultural sectors of the economy. A tax on land has an important redistributive function because its incidence falls squarely on the landlord and is shifted neither forward to consumers nor backwards to suppliers of agricultural inputs; nor does it introduce distortions in the allocation of productive resources.

scholarly journals [Agriculture Land Development Policy According to Islamic Perspective] Dasar Pembangunan Tanah Pertanian Menurut Perspektif Islam

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
Mohd Borhanuddin Zakaria ◽  
Amir Husin Mohd Nor ◽  
Noor Lizza Mohamed Said ◽  
Md. Yazid Ahmad ◽  
Juairiah Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Government

National Agricultural Policy (DPN 1, 1984-1991, 1992-1997 DPN 2, 3 DPN 1998-2010), and the National Agro-Food Policy (DAN 2011-2020) was a transformation of the government to improve the country’s food quality. Various plans have been made through DPN and DAN. However, there are shortcomings in the DPN implemented with the aim of economic development alone. This study aims to put certain mechanisms for the development of the agricultural sector in line with the teachings of Islam which includes holistic human development. The research methodology used in this study is content analysis, analysing data using descriptive approach with a combination of qualitative approach of analyzing the text, including the analysis of documents and official reports, circulars, annual reports, statements of position, financial plan, reports agencies, and transcripts. The study found that the basic development of Islamic farmland is based on the concept of tauhidiyyah, rububiyyah, tazkiyyah, tanmiyyah, khilafah, insaniyyah, akhlaqiyyah which applies Islamic spiritual values including the preservation of the environment and the securities development.   Key Words: National Agricultural Policy (DPN), Development of Agricultural Land, Land Development Concept in Islam.     Dasar Pertanian Negara (DPN 1 1984-1991, DPN 2 1992-1997, DPN 3 1998-2010), dan Dasar Agromakanan Negara (DAN 2011-2020) merupakan satu transformasi kerajaan bagi meningkatkan kualiti makanan negara. Pelbagai perancangan khusus telah dibuat melalui DPN dan DAN. Namun terdapat kepincangan dalam DPN yang dilaksanakan dengan tujuan pembangunan ekonomi semata-mata. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meletakkan mekanisma tertentu agar pembangunan sektor pertanian selari dengan tuntutan Islam yang  merangkumi pembangunan insan secara syumul. Metodologi kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian analisis kandungan, data-data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis melalui pendekatan deskriptif dengan gabungan pendekatan kualitatif iaitu menganalisis teks termasuk menganalisis dokumen-dokumen dan laporan-laporan rasmi,surat pekeliling, laporan tahunan,laporan jabatan, rancangan kewangan, laporan agensi,dan transkrip. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa dasar pembangunan tanah pertanian Islam berteraskan konsep tauhidiyyah, rububiyyah, tazkiyyah, tanmiyyah, khilafah, insaniyyah, akhlaqiyyah yang menerapkan nilai-nilai kerohanian Islam termasuk pelestarian alam sekitar dan sekuriti pembangunan.   Kata kunci: Dasar Pertanian Negara (DPN), Pembangunan Tanah Pertanian, Konsep Pembangunan Tanah Islam.

scholarly journals Generational Changes in Agriculture: The Influence of Farm Characteristics and Socio-Economic Factors

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Sroka ◽  
Michał Dudek ◽  
Tomasz Wojewodzic ◽  
Karol Król
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Generational Changes ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
The Impact

The increasing importance of large cities (metropolises) poses a range of challenges to the socio-economic functions of the rural and agricultural areas around them. One such challenge is pressure exerted on family-run farms to abandon agricultural activity and on people engaged in such activity to shift to other sectors. This may be a hindrance to successful succession on family farms. The aim of this paper is to present spatial variation in generational changes in farms located around large cities (metropolises) in Poland and to assess the factors affecting the scale of such changes. Special attention was paid to the importance of the location of farms relative to large cities. One innovative feature of the approach presented was to conduct an analysis of generational changes in the agricultural sector at the supra-local level along with an attempt to quantify the impact of large urban centers on that process. The empirical material based on which the conclusions were formulated included official statistics data and information made available by an institution engaged in the implementation of agricultural policy programs financed from European Union (EU) funds, i.e., young farmer payments (Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) pillar I) and measures “Setting up of young farmers” and “Early retirement” (CAP Pillar II). In the executed study, methods of descriptive and multivariate statistics, including regression trees, were used. It was found that socio-economic (exogenous) factors had a significant statistical impact on generational changes in farms. In areas with an attractive labor market and a high level of urbanization, a successful generational shift in farms occurred less often. Nonetheless, generational changes in the agriculture of the analyzed areas were relatively most strongly determined by endogenous factors linked with the economic potential of the farm. Farm characteristics (area of agricultural land and economic size) and the characteristics of managers, including in particular their education, were found to be more important than exogenous factors. In areas where large and economically strong farms dominated and the level of education among farmers was relatively high, generational changes were faster compared to other areas.

scholarly journals Agricultural Policies and Rural Development in Nepal: An Overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-46
Author(s):  
Deepak Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rural Nepal

This paper analyzes agricultural development in terms of policy and implementation in Nepal. More than two-thirds populations in Nepal reside in the rural area and most of them depend on agriculture. Subsistence form of agriculture is common in Nepal. Rural Area and agriculture are interrelated; like two parts of the same coin. The contribution of agriculture to national Gross Domestic Product is remarkable; however, it is declining over the decades. In fact, the agricultural sector cannot attract young people; the trend of migration from rural to urban is significantly increasing. The poverty is exceedingly marked in rural Nepal. The Government of Nepal emphasizes agriculture development in for poverty alleviation. Order to alleviate poverty, rural development, and national economic growth through the policy level. However, available data and qualitative analysis reveal that the outcome from the agricultural sector is not satisfactory due to several factors. In such situation, more than half of the population has been facing food insufficiency. Because of weak policy and implementation, the agriculture sector s been suffering poor outcome. In that way, the government of Nepal along with concerned authorities should effectively implement agriculture policies in order to reduce poverty and rural development. The agriculture-rural accommodating policies and successful performance are crucial for poverty alleviation and rural development.

scholarly journals Towards a common agricultural policy in Africa?

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 301-315
Author(s):  
Blizkovsky Petr ◽  
Grega Libor ◽  
Verter Nahanga
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
African Context ◽  
The Eu

The paper analyses the structure and level of international cooperation among African states in the area of agriculture and rural development. It focuses on the AU and its eight Regional Economic Communities. The international cooperation schemes between the World Bank, EU, FAO and African countries in agricultural policy are reviewed. The paper concludes that, despite numerous cross-border initiatives, governance of agricultural policies in the pan-African context remains fragmented. Policy-making and cooperation schemes need to be stepped up to address continent-wide challenges in the sector. There is an urgent need for the AU and the EU to intensify their cooperation in agricultural policies and development. The AU in collaboration with its regional bodies should establish a common agricultural policy for the continent. Such initiatives need to be Africa-driven and adapted to African needs. The EU should only provide technical know-how and institutional support if welcomed by African partners. Collective action towards rural areas via greater coordination of African agricultural policies and actions would help to develop the missing institutional framework needed for agricultural development in the continent. Fostering economic growth through agricultural development and reforms may also lead to a reduction of migration as witnessed by the EU in the sixties.  

Promoting Healthy Diets and Tackling Obesity and Diet-Related Chronic Diseases: What are the Agricultural Policy Levers?

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S312-S322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Policies And Practices

Background Diet-related chronic diseases are now a serious global public health problem. Public health groups are calling for the agricultural sector to play a greater role in tackling the threat. Objective To identify potential points of policy intervention in the agricultural sector that could be leveraged to promote healthy diets and tackle obesity and diet-related chronic diseases. Methods A review of the literature on the dietary implications of agriculture, a conceptual analysis of the issues, and the identification of relevant examples. Results There are two main potential points of intervention in the agricultural sector that could be leveraged to promote healthy diets: agricultural policies and agricultural production practices. Agricultural policies and practices affect diet through their influence on food availability, price, and nutrient quality, which in turn affects food choices available to consumers. Agricultural policies amenable to intervention include input, production, and trade policies; agricultural production practices amenable to intervention include crop breeding, crop fertilization practices, livestock-feeding practices, and crop systems diversity. Conclusions It is well-known that agricultural policies and production practices influence what farmers choose to grow. Agricultural policies and production practices could also play a role in influencing what consumers choose to eat. To identify how agricultural policies and practices can usefully contribute toward promoting healthy diets and tackling obesity and diet-related chronic diseases, health policymakers need to examine whether current agricultural policies and production practices are contributing to—or detracting from—efforts to attain dietary goals; where and how could agricultural intervention help achieve dietary goals; and whether there are trade-offs between these interventions and other important concerns, such as undernutrition and the livelihoods of agricultural producers. Given the potential of agriculture to contribute to large-scale, population-level dietary improvements, these questions warrant closer attention from health policymakers.

scholarly journals Waldausdehnung im Berggebiet: Prozesse und Entwicklungen in der Schweizer Waldpolitik

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (12) ◽  
pp. 512-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hirschi ◽  
Alexander Widmer ◽  
Willi Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Policy Network ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Forest Expansion ◽  
Forested Areas

Forest expansion in mountain areas: processes and developments in Swiss forest policy The use and protection of mountain landscapes is steered by several public policies, yet forest and agricultural policies play a particularly crucial role due to the relatively large share of forested and agricultural land in those areas. Both forest and agricultural policy are traditional sectoral policies that went through significant changes over the last years. In this article, we focus on the reform efforts in Swiss forest policy with particular attention to the issue of forest expansion in mountain areas. We first describe the relevant forest policy reform processes over the period from the year 2000 to 2012 using the Actor-Process-Event Scheme (APES), and analyze the underlying policy network. We then refer to other policy developments with potentially significant effects on forested areas, including changes in agricultural policy, and discuss the resulting consequences for the specific situation in Swiss mountain areas. The study shows that not only the goals and instruments of the Swiss federal forest policy gradually changed, but also – at least partly – the decision-making structures. Furthermore, it can be shown that the issue of forest expansion in mountain areas has mainly been discussed in the context of forest policy processes. Solutions to the issue, however, will also require appropriate policy instruments in spatial planning and agricultural policy.

scholarly journals Baltic Sea eutrophication status is not improved by the first pillar of the European Union Common Agricultural Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2465-2476
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Jansson ◽  
Hans E. Andersen ◽  
Bo G. Gustafsson ◽  
Berit Hasler ◽  
Lisa Höglind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Fertiliser Use ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract Agriculture is an important source of nitrogen and phosphorous loads to the Baltic Sea. We study how the European Union’s (EU) Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), and in particular how its first pillar, containing most of the budget and the decoupled farm payments, affects eutrophication. To aid our study, we use three simulation models, covering the agricultural sector in the EU, a hydrological nutrient flow model and a model of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea. We compute changes in key eutrophication indicators in a business-as-usual baseline and in a hypothetical situation where the first pillar of the CAP, containing the direct payments, greening and accompanying measures, is not present. Comparing the outcomes, we find that in the scenario without the first pillar, production and agricultural land use is lower, while yields and fertiliser use per hectare are higher, causing less nitrogen and phosphorous loads (0.5 to 4% depending on the basin) and less eutrophication in the Baltic Sea as net effect. We therefore conclude that the policies of the first pillar of the CAP contribute to increased eutrophication in the Baltic Sea.

scholarly journals Land Consolidation for Agricultural Growth in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thu Huong ◽  
Pham Nguyen My Linh ◽  
Vo Thi Van Khanh ◽  
Nguyen Quang Sang ◽  
Le Hoang Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government

In order to effectively restructure agriculture, comprehensive solutions are needed, in which the solution of agricultural land consolidation and concentration must be accompanied by strong reform of the conditions of agricultural production such as organizing good inputs and outputs markets, brand building and protection, strengthening agricultural product quality management, improving the competitiveness of the agricultural sector, respecting market rules, so that the markets can regulate the production scale and technology applied with the orientation and support of the Government, etc. In this way, Vietnam's agriculture can enter a new stage of development. This paper analyzes the current situation of agricultural land consolidation in Vietnam. The authors have clarified the results as well as limitations in agricultural land consolidation for Vietnam. The cause of the limitations in agricultural land consolidation for Vietnam in recent years and recommendations to promote land consolidation for agricultural development in Vietnam in the near future.

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