scholarly journals Ausencia de capital social y vulnerabilidad de mujeres jefas de hogar

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Carolina Pinzón Estrada ◽  
María Victoria Aponte Valverde

 Resumen: Este trabajo presenta un análisis de laausencia de capital social de las mujeres cabeza dehogar del barrio Arabia, de la localidad 19 de CiudadBolívar en Bogotá. La descripción está basada en datostomados por medio de encuestas, entrevistas y visitas ala comunidad, que permitieron evidenciar muchos delos problemas por los cuales pasan cada una de estasmadres cabeza de hogar, como la pobreza, la falta deacceso a la educación, tanto para ellas como para sushijos e hijas, el alto índice de desempleo. Como factoradicional que aumenta su vulnerabilidad, encontramosuna situación de desconfi anza en el entorno y debilidaddel tejido social que les hace imposible emprenderacciones para solucionar problemas comunitarios.Palabras claves: Feminización de la pobreza, capitalsocial, mujeres cabeza de hogar.Absence of Social Capital and Vulnerability forWomen Heads of the HouseholdAbstract: This work offers an analysis of the absenceof social capital of women heads of household in theArabia neighborhood, locality 19 Ciudad Bolivar inBogotá. The description is based on data collected insurveys, interviews and visits to the community, showingmany problems faced by each of these women heads ofhouseholds, such as poverty, lack of access to educationboth for themselves and for their children, the high rateof unemployment. As an additional factor increasing theirvulnerability, we fi nd their mistrust of their environmentand weakness of the social tissue that prevents them fromundertaking actions to solve their community’s problems.Keywords: Feminization of poverty, social capital,female – headed households.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Lucía Sandoval ◽  
María Estela Ortega Rubí

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to analyze the participation of different stakeholders, resulting from the implementation of the Public Policy Magical Towns, aimed at sustainable development of Villa Tapijulapa. This investigation is currently underway, however it has been observed that it has been funded development projects, through various government institutions that contribute to Magic Towns Program, which has not been successful, in addition there is a misuse system resources. These issues are presented by the complexity of cooperation, multiplicity of participants and perspectives; and the various attitudes and degrees of involvement of the various stakeholders. As the analysis of the social capital of the community and the characteristics of the agency charged with implementing achieve identify areas of opportunity to propose strategies for improvement.RESUMENEl propósito de ésta investigación es analizar la participación de los diferentes actores sociales, derivada de la implementación de la Política Pública de Pueblos Mágicos, dirigida al desarrollo sustentable de Villa Tapijulapa. Esta investigación actualmente se encuentra en proceso, sin embargo se ha podido observar que han sido financiados proyectos de desarrollo, a través de diferentes instituciones gubernamentales que coadyuvan al Programa de Pueblos Mágicos, los cuales no han sido exitosos, además de existir, un mal uso del sistema de recursos naturales. Estas problemáticas se presentan por la complejidad de la cooperación, multiplicidad de participantes y perspectivas; así como las diversas actitudes y grados de compromiso de los diferentes actores sociales. Por lo que el análisis del capital social de la comunidad y de las características de la agencia encargada de la implementación lograrán detectar las áreas de oportunidad para proponer estrategias de mejora.


2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio García

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la construcción, sustentabilidad y usos del capital social comunitario en un movimiento social argentino que plantea la horizontalidad y la autonomía como valores fundamentales de organización social. A través del análisis de la dinámica de tres tipos de capital social —unión, puente, y nexo—, se observa que el movimiento en cuestión consigue crear rápidamente capital social comunitario y una identidad común diferenciadora. Sin embargo, el capital social rápidamente construido no logra sustentarse en el tiempo, debido a la incapacidad de sus integrantes en generar mecanismos descentralizados y eficientes de monitoreo mutuo, responsabilidad compartida y penalización moral que protejan el bien común y refuercen la identidad comunitaria a través de redes sociales densas.   ABSTRACTThe objective of this article is to analyze the construction, sustainability and uses of community social capital in a social movement in Argentina that identifies horizontality and autonomy as fundamental values of social organization. By analyzing the dynamics of three types of social capital —bonding, bridging and linking— we can observe that the movement studied here is able to rapidly create community social capital and  differentiating common identity. Nevertheless, the social capital rapidly constructed is not sustained over time, because the movement’s members are unable to generate decentralized, efficient mechanisms for mutual monitoring, shared responsibility and moral penalization that will protect the common good and strengthen community identity through dense social networks.


2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-128
Author(s):  
Josiane Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Cristiane Marques de Mello

Resumo: O objetivo com este artigo foi discutir as influências do capital social na constituição do campo organizacional do circo contemporâneo no Canadá. Para tanto, considera-se capital social como um conjunto de normas, redes e organizações por meio das quais os indivíduos obtêm acesso a poder e recursos para a tomada de decisão e formulação de políticas. Entende-se que a importância deste trabalho se encontra na relevância do estudo de organizações circenses, pela articulação entre as práticas culturais e econômicas que ocorrem em seu processo organizativo, especialmente no contexto canadense que se configura como referência mundial do campo do circo contemporâneo e ainda pouco estudado na área de Administração, especialmente no contexto canadense que se configura como referência mundial do campo do circo contemporâneo e ainda pouco estudado na área de Administração. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Cidade de Montréal, província de Québec, Canadá, em 2013. Foram entrevistados gestores das três organizações que atuam na regulamentação e disseminação das artes no circo canadense, e de oito das maiores companhias circenses contemporâneas. Os resultados indicam que trabalhar em grandes companhias circenses é um dos meios de constituir o capital social, possibilitando a formação, acesso a redes de profissionais e possíveis parceiros de trabalho. O capital social possibilita a articulação dos artistas em organizações para produzir vias alternativas de acesso a recursos financeiros e a participação em editais públicos de fomento. Uma das contribuições do estudo está nas evidências empíricas, quando da incorporação das práticas de gestão às práticas artísticas circenses.Palavras-chave: Capital social. Campo organizacional. Organizações circenses. Canadá. Artistas. Influences of social capital in the constitution of contemporary circus canadian: a study in Montréal City, Canada Abstract: The purpose of this article is to discuss the influences of social capital in the constitution of organizational contemporary circus field in Canada. Therefore, we consider social capital as a set of rules, networks and organizations through which individuals gain access to power and resources for decision-making and policy formulation. We understand that the importance of this work in the relevance of the study of circus organizations, by the articulation between cultural and economic practices that occur in their organizational process, especially in the Canadian context that is configured as a world reference of the field of contemporary circus and still little studied in the area of Administration. The research was conducted in the City of Montréal, province of Québec, Canada, in 2013. We interviewed managers of the three organizations operating in regulation and dissemination of the arts in Canadian circus, and of eight major contemporary circus companies. The results indicate that work on major circus companies is one way to establish the capital, enabling training, access to professional network of the area and potential working partners. The social capital enables the articulation of artists in organizations to produce alternative ways of access to financial resources and participation in public tenders for development. One of the contributions of the study is in the empirical evidences, when incorporating the practices of management to the artistic practices circenses.Keywords: Social capital. Organizational field. Circus organizations. Canada. Artists.


psicogente ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (45) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ubaldo Enrique Rodríguez ◽  
Zumeina Lucía León Valle ◽  
Guillermo Augusto Ceballos Ospino

Objetivo: explorar los niveles de ideación suicida, ansiedad, capital social y calidad de sueño en hombres y mujeres, según edades, en población colombiana durante el primer mes de Aislamiento Físico por pandemia de Covid-19. Método: Estudio exploratorio y en línea, con 484 sujetos. Se utilizaron cuatro Escalas: Escala de Okasha para Suicidalidad (Okasha-IS), ZungSelf-Rating Anxiety Scale-15 (SAS-15), The Personal Social Capital Scale (PSCS) y Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Los instrumentos se registraron en la Web y se suministró mediante WhatsApp, Facebook y E-mail. Resultados: Se encontró un índice de ideación suicida del 40% entre leve a severa. 97% de ansiedad leve a severa. Capital social personal regular (81%) y 23% con poca calidad de sueño. La edad se asoció de manera inversa con valores de IS, SAS y PSQI (p<0,01) y de manera directa con PSCS (p<0,05). Sexo se correlacionó positivamente con SAS-15 (p<0,01) y PQSI (p<0,05). Mediante Análisis de Varianza se encontró diferencia significativa en hombres en los valores del IS y PQSI (p<0,01) y en mujeres hay diferencia significativa en los valores de IS, SAS-15 y PQSI (p<0,01) en diferentes grupos de edades. Conclusiones: Las mujeres son más propensas a sentir ansiedad e ideación suicida asociados con Aislamiento Físico y bajo capital social, lo que puede desencadenar problemas psicológicos mayores. Los jóvenes menores de 20 años siguen siendo un grupo de mayor riesgo a padecer psicopatologías profundas, desencadenando suicidios. El presente estudio se adhiere a la idea de usar el término de distanciamiento Físico y no Aislamiento Social, dado que las relaciones sociales se mantienen desde niveles diferentes al contacto físico.  


Author(s):  
Francisco Javier De Lorenzo Gilsanz

El término capital social es uno de los más utilizados en la literatura especializada de las últimas décadas. De hecho, resulta un concepto claramente evocador de diferentes contenidos pero difícilmente medible, en función de la definición que se haga de él. A partir de un trabajo de desagregación en componentes y de una propuesta metodológica concreta, hemos tratado de elaborar un índice sintético para medir el capital social y otro para los bienes relacionales. El contenido fundamental de este artículo recoge dicha propuesta y su aplicación sobre jóvenes (entre 18 y 29 años) que, teniendo o no la nacionalidad española, cuenten con un pasado migratorio familiar reciente (es decir, hijos de inmigrantes) y que residan desde hace un mínimo de 15 años en nuestro país. Además, se ha establecido una comparativa entre quienes constituyen nuestro campo de estudio y otros dos grupos distintos con los que comparten características importantes pero se diferencian en aspectos significativos: adultos inmigrantes residentes en España con los que comparten procedencia cultural y jóvenes españoles de entre 18 y 29 años sin pasado migratorio familiar reciente con los que comparten edad y, en muchos casos, nacionalidad.The term social capital is one of the most used in the specialized literature of recent decades. In fact, it is a concept clearly reminiscent of different contents, but difficult to measure, depending on the definition used. From a work of disaggregation into components and a concrete methodological proposal, we have tried to elaborate a synthetic index to measure the social capital and another one for the relational goods. The fundamental content of this article includes this proposal and its application to young people (between 18 and 29 years old) who, with or without Spanish nationality, have a recent past of family migration and a minimum of 15 years in our country. In addition, a comparison has been established between those who make up our field of study and two other groups with whom they share important characteristics but differ in significant aspects: immigrant adults living in Spain with whom they share cultural background and young Spaniards between 18 and 29 years old without recent family migration past with whom they share age and, in many cases, nationality.


2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (49) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Angelo Serpa ◽  
Alexandre Matos Contreiras Pereira ◽  
Raísa Santos Muniz

<p>Neste artigo, busca-se problematizar os processos de complexificação dos campos de produção e consumo em dois bairros populares, os bairros Brasil, em Vitória da Conquista, e Pernambués, em Salvador, através da identificação, da caracterização e da análise das centralidades de comércio e serviços, de suas dinâmicas internas e relações com a área da qual fazem parte na cidade. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica relativa à temática e à metodologia, a aplicação de questionários para empreendedores e público consumidor, realização de entrevistas com empreendedores, bem como a sistematização, a tabulação e a análise dos dados obtidos foram os principais procedimentos metodológicos utilizados, objetivando-se traçar os perfis sociais dos dois grupos, vistos aqui como agentes nos processos de complexificação das centralidades identificadas nos bairros. As pesquisas realizadas entre 2015 e 2016 buscaram também fomentar o debate sobre a existência ou não de um processo de ascensão de uma “nova classe média”, discurso tão amplamente divulgado pelo governo brasileiro e difundido pelos veículos de comunicação nos últimos anos. A análise de dois bairros populares em contextos urbano-regionais diferenciados no estado da Bahia nos permite afirmar que é inegável o processo de complexificação das centralidades de comércio e serviços nestes recortes. Por outro lado, há um evidente empobrecimento do capital social dos empreendedores entrevistados em ambos os bairros (lazer restrito, falta de tempo para os amigos e para frequentar equipamentos culturais), o capital escolar/cultural permanecendo praticamente inalterado e a continuidade dos estudos na universidade dependendo de um enorme esforço pessoal daqueles que se dispõem a fazê-lo. Percebe-se também que a ascensão social, ou melhor, a inserção pelo consumo pode interferir na vida de relações sociais dos bairros populares analisados, com o empobrecimento do capital social de empreendedores (e consumidores).</p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> comércio e serviços, ascensão social, bairro popular, bairro empreendedor, Salvador, Vitória da Conquista.</p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>This paper aims to discuss the processes of complexification of the fields of production and consumption through the identification, characterization and analysis of trade and services centralities, its internal dynamics and the relations sustained by them within the area of the city in which they are located. We proceeded the studies in two popular neighborhoods in two different cities in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The first neighborhood is called Brazil and it is located in Vitoria da Conquista and the second is called Pernambués and it is located in Salvador. In addition to bibliographical research on both, the subject and methodology, we applied questionnaires for entrepreneurs and consumers, conducted interviews with entrepreneurs and proceeded its systematization, tabulation and analysis of the data obtained as the main methodological procedures in this study. By choosing to do so, we aimed to portray the social profiles of the two groups (entrepreneurs and consumers), seen here as active agents in the processes of complexification of the centralities identified in the neighborhoods. The surveys that were conducted between 2015 and 2016 intended to promote the debate about the possibility of existence of the process of ascension of a "new middle class" in Brazil, a discourse extensively disseminated by the government and by the media in recent years. The analysis of the two popular neighborhoods in different urban-regional contexts in the state of Bahia allows us to affirm that the process of complexification of the centralities of commerce and services in these localities is undeniable. On the other hand, there is a discernible impoverishment of the social capital of the entrepreneurs interviewed in both neighborhoods (restricted leisure, lack of time for friends and to attend cultural facilities), school/cultural capital remaining practically unchanged and the continuity of university studies (when applied) depending on a huge personal effort of those who are willing to do so. It is also noticeable that social ascension, or rather, insertion through consumption, can interfere in the social life of the residents of the popular neighborhoods analyzed resulting in the impoverishment of the social capital of the entrepreneurs (and also of the consumers).</p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"><strong>Keywords</strong>: commerce and services, Social ascension, Popular neighborhoods, Entrepreneurial neighborhoods, Salvador, Vitória da Conquista</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (33) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Monique de Saint Martin

Portador de um dos mais prestigiosos títulos e nomes, herdeiro de uma grande família da nobreza militar que “serviu a França por 500 anos”, ex-aluno da Ecole Polytechnique, diretor-presidente de uma das filiais da Schneider, o décimo segundo duque de Brissac, que se casou com May Schneider, uma descendente de uma das maiores famílias de industriais, é a realização do aristocrata perfeito, possuindo um notável conjunto de qualidades e características distintivas. O capital social herdado de sua família e que ele jamais deixou de manter e valorizar, ao mesmo tempo em que sabia, ocasionalmente, reconvertê-lo, está, sem dúvida, na raiz desta concentração de riquezas. Centro de uma rede de relações com uma extensão e densidade excepcionais, o duque de Brissac adquiriu desde a infância, nos estabelecimentos de ensino secundáriode “boa companhia” que frequentou, a arte e o gosto de cultivar as relações herdadas, e de as ampliar. A análise das memórias do duque de Brissac e de várias obras escritas por outros membros de sua família permitiu reconstruir a história desse empreendimento de acumulação e gestão de capital social.Palavras-chave: Capital social. Redes de relações. História. Brissac.A GREAT FAMILYThe bearer of one of the most prestigious titles and names, the heir to a great family of the military nobility in which “they have servedFrance for 500 years”, a former pupil of the Ecole Polytechnique, managing-director of one of the sister-companies of the SchneiderCorporation, the Twelfth Duke of Brissac, who married May Schneider, a descendant of one of the greatest ironmasters families, is therealisation of the perfect aristocrat, possessing a remarkable aggregate of qualities and distinctive features. The social assets handed down to him by his family which he has constantly built up, maintained and exploited while knowing, whenever the occasion demanded, how to reconvert it, are, without doubt at the root of this concentration of riches. At the focal point of an exceptionally widespread and dense network of relations, the Duke of Brissac has acquired, from infancy and later in “well-bred” High Schools, a taste for cultivating and extending the kinship networks devolved on him through inheritance. The analysis of the memoirs of the Duke of Brissac and of several works written by other members of his family has enabled the author to trace the history of this pursuit of the accumulation and management of social assets.Keywords: Social capital. Networks. Family. History. Brissac.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selviana

Adolescents are surrounded by social environment in their daily life which becomes their social capital. In this study, the social capital includes significant people in adolescents’ life, such as: parents, teachers, and friends, from which the measurement of adolescent social capital is based upon. Respondents in this study consisted of 250 adolescents, of which 46 percent were men. The results of psychometric tests demonstrated a good validity and reliability of the developed scale through internal consistency and construct validity testing. The scale was proficient in measuring the similar constructs of social capital: social interaction, trust, and shared vision. Given the good psychometric properties, the developed scale is reliable to be used to measure social capital for adolescents.


STUDIUM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Otero Luque

Resumen Este ensayo analiza la manera tan negativa en que Emilia Pardo Bazán representa al matrimonio en Los pazos de Ulloa (1886). Se intenta mostrar que el escepticismo de la autora, al presentar esta institución social como un proyecto fallido, constituye una protesta feminista contra la soflama masculina hegemónica del siglo xix, que aceptaba como válido únicamente el vínculo conyugal bendecido por la Iglesia y/o sancionado por el Estado. Con este objetivo, se estudian algunos factores que afectaban las relaciones maritales de las mujeres de aquella época, tales como la percepción que se tenía de la mujer—como agente civilizador y como inductora del mal—, las expectativas sociales de la mujer casadera y casada, el alto valor atribuido a la virginidad prenupcial y a la maternidad, la doble moral en el ejercicio de la sexualidad, la subordinación de la mujer al hombre y la violencia doméstica física y mental. Palabras clave: Los pazos de Ulloa, Emilia Pardo Bazán, virginidad, maternidad, matrimonio, civilización y barbarie.   Abstract In this essay, I analyze Emilia Pardo Bazán's negative portrait of marriage in The House of Ulloa (1886). I attempt to show that the author's skepticism of this social institution, which she presents as a failed project, is a feminist protest against the 19thcentury hegemonic masculine discourse that considered Catholic marriage and/or legal marriage as the only acceptable forms of a conjugal bond.  With that intention, I comment on several key factors that affected women’s marital relationships at that time. For example, the dual perception of women both as civilizing agents and as a temptation to sin and subsequent perdition, the social expectations from a maiden and from a married woman, the high value attributed to prenuptial virginity and of maternity, the double standards for men and women in the expression of their sexuality, the subordination of women to men, and domestic physical and mental violence, among other. Key words: Los pazos de Ulloa, The House of Ulloa, Emilia Pardo Bazán, virginity, maternity, marriage, civilization and barbarism\e.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Ika Nursyafitri

Mining in Mawar Hamlet, Kumbang Village, Pelangi District, Pasuruan Regency is a type of illegal mining, but mining activities have been carried out since 1984 until now. So this research aims to analyze the social capital of the owner of the excavation in maintaining the C quarry in the Rose Village with the established network. The method used is a qualitative research method to explore more complete data, and uses a case study approach because an incident in 2015 was marked with the issue of illegal mining permits that were evicted by the Civil Service Unit (Satpol PP of Pasuruan Regency). This study uses the theory proposed by Pierre Bourdie about social capital. Social capital can be related to economic capital, cultural capital, and symbolic capital. Thus, the emergence of the capital generated by the owner of the excavation originated from the habitus as a daily habit carried out by the agent, the network relationships formed were also strategies to strengthen the agent's position. Keywords: Social Capital, Galian C Mining, Illegal Mining


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document