scholarly journals A IGNORÂNCIA INTOLERANTE NÃO COMPREENDE ARTE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Leonardo Marques Kussler

A compreensão artística é restrita por elementos sociais, econômicos, históricos e existenciais de cada sujeito. Consequentemente, no momento de abertura deste para interpretação artística, há um jogo de inúmeras variáveis que permitem ou não que se consiga compreender o discurso da arte. Neste artigo, na primeira seção, propomo-nos a desdobrar conceitualmente a noção de jogo, do ponto de vista filosófico, unindo-o à hermenêutica filosófica gadameriana e a necessidade de se adentrar no que convencionamos chamar de estádio de jogo para que seja possível refletir dialogicamente sobre a arte. Na segunda seção, a proposta é refletir acerca de como se compreende arte, a partir de releituras dos campos da Estética e da Filosofia da Arte, especialmente após a virada da arte contemporânea. Juntamente com o aporte teórico de Arthur C. Danto, abordaremos alguns elementos básicos de variáveis relevantes para se considerar algo como arte ou não e a intolerância de segmentos sociais que degradam a produção cultural por ignorância e incapacidade de entrar no jogo da arte contemporâneo.Palavras-chave: Filosofia. Arte. Jogo.ABSTRACTArt understanding is something restricted by the social, economic, historical and existential elements of each subject. Consequently, in the moment of its opening for artistic interpretation, there is a game of several variables that allow or not to be able to understand the discourse of art. In this article, in the first section, we propose to unfold conceptually the notion of game from the philosophical point of view, joining it to the Gadamerian philosophical hermeneutics and the need to delve into what we call the game stadium so that it is possible to reflect dialogically about art. In the second section, the proposal is to ponder on how art is understood from re-reading the fields of Aesthetics and Philosophy of Art, especially after the turn of contemporary art. Along with the theoretical contribution of Arthur C. Danto, we will address some basic elements of relevant variables to consider something as art or not and the intolerance of social groups that degrade cultural production through ignorance and inability to enter the contemporary art game.Keywords: Philosophy. Art. Game.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Martin ◽  

The word “Badespaß” (to go swimming for fun) refers to the most emblematic feature of bathing in Germanic countries, especially in Germany: fun. Germans go swimming not only to relax or to do sports, but also and above all to have a good time and take their mind off things, with family and friends. The contribution aims to explain the phenomenon of bathing in nature from a societal, literary and artistic point of view. As it is a popular leisure activity par excellence, the reason for bathing outdoors, whether in fresh or salt water, is particularly present in cultural production. We will mainly mobilize recent resources, produced between 1950 and 2020, in order to constitute a representative corpus of primary sources that will contain artistic objects in the broadest sense of the term. They will be textual (books, blogs), visual (works of art, architecture), sound (songs, readings) and audiovisual (films, videos). Using a multidisciplinary analytical grid, we aim to gain a better understanding of the social practices and artistic representations around natural bathing in Germany today.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Bulatova ◽  
Svetlana Melnikova

The aim of the article is to delimitate the art zone for our current era. The problematic relationship between the general public and contemporary art is well known and often discussed. The viewers often find it difficult to relate to contemporary artworks or even to understand why they are considered art. We are searching for the appropriate forms to support the viewers in the quest to improve perception of contemporary art by the public. Among the new approaches, we highlight the conception of contemporary art as based not only the category of beauty, but also the communicative act which can translate important social sense(s). This point of view we have found in conceptions of J. Dickey, A. Danto and E. Oryol. To help an ordinary art consumer discover the social sense, we suggest using facilitative discussion technique designed by American teachers A. Hausen and F. Yenawain, and the mediation technique practiced by the UIBSI (Yekaterinburg). Keywords: contemporary art, communication, message, mediation, excursion, facilitative discussion


Author(s):  
Esperança Jales Ribeiro ◽  
Sara Alexandre Felizardo ◽  
Catarina Martins ◽  
Sofia Campos

Abstract.WHEN THE WILL IS NOT ALWAYS A WAY: CONCEPTIONS ABOUT THE IDENTITY OF THE CHILD AND EDUCATIVE ISOMORPHISM (EXPLORATORY STUDY)The conceptions of “who is the child, how develops and learns” are the result of different contributions, including psychology, sociology and pedagogy. In turn, explicit theories and praxis are sustained by paradigms of human subjectivity that coexist in time. It is understood that the implementation of an educative model does not guarantee, by itself, the knowledge of the underpinning fundaments. It is essential to understand the concept of child underlying this praxis and be able to assess where it takes us.only then the educator will be able to solve new problems that are presented in practice. As advocated by social constructionism it is necessary to know that all forms of world comprehension are social and cultural situated, being useful a critical position relation to that we think is given as guaranteed (Gergen, 1995). The study is qualitative and exploratory and involved the collaboration of sixteen educators. The technique used was semi-directive interview. It was found that both groups define identity as a hidden “entity”, on a split between the personal and the social world, providing an abstract and isolated overview of the child. This corresponds to a classical paradigm of human subjectivity designated as representationist (Ribeiro, 2004) that is evidenced in the definition given by the two groups of educators. Regarding educational strategies the results are different in both groups. The first educators were consistent with the initial theorizing, speaking at child-centered pedagogy and discovery. The educators MSM show a different perspective, stating dialogic and collaborative strategies in an attitude of educative isomorphism that meet guidelines model. The study concludes the need and importance of professional training processes in the direction of critical deconstruction of pedagogical models (the epistemological point of view), in order to avoid educational isomorphism not understood in its essential reasons.Keywords: Preschool Education, identity in children, paradigms of human subjectivity, educative isomorphism.Resumo.As conceções sobre “quem é a criança, como se desenvolve e aprende” resultam de contributos diversos entre os quais os provenientes da psicologia, sociología e da pedagogia. Por sua vez, as teorías explícitas e a práxis sustentam-se em paradigmas da subjetividade humana que coexistem no tempo. Entende-se que a implementação de um modelo educativo não garante, por si só, o conhecimento dos fundamentos em que assenta. Torna-se essencial perceber qual o conceito de criança subjacente a essa práxis e estar capaz de avaliar para onde este nos conduz. Só assim o educador estará capaz de resolver os novos problemas que se apresentam à prática. Como defende o construcionismo social é preciso saber que todas as formas de compreensão do mundo são social e culturalmente situadas, sendo útil uma posição crítica relativamente ao que tomamos como certo (Gergen, 1995). Esta investigação tem como objetivo saber quais as estratégias usadas por dois grupos de educadores para promoverem, em contexto pré-escolar, a construção da identidade na criança e ainda conhecer como a definem. Um dos grupos não tem um modelo pedagógico específico, é por isso eclético, o outro implementa o modelo do Movimento da Escola Moderna (MEM). O estudo é de natureza qualitativa e exploratória e contou com a colaboração de dezasseis educadores. A técnica usada foi a da entrevista semi-directiva. Verificou-se que ambos os grupos definem a identidade como “entidade” escondida, numa clivagem entre o mundo pessoal e o social, facultando uma visão de abstrata e isolada da criança. Tal corresponde a um paradigma clássico da subjectividade humana designado de representacionista (Ribeiro, 2004) evidenciado na definição dada por ambos os grupos de educadores. No que concerne às estratégias educativas, os resultados são distintos nos grupos. Os primeiros educadores foram coerentes com a teorização inicial, falando numa pedagogia centrada na criança e na descoberta. Os educadores do MEM evidenciam uma perspectiva diferente, indicando estratégias de natureza dialógica e colaborativa numa atitude de isomorfismo educativo face às orientações do modelo. O estudo conclui sobre a necessidade e importância dos processos de formação dos profissionais no sentido da desconstrução crítica dos modelos pedagógicos (do ponto de vista epistemológico), a fim de se evitarem isomorfismos educativos não compreendidos nos seus fundamentos essenciais.Palavras-Chave: Educação Pré-Escolar, identidade na criança, paradigmas da subjectividade humana, isomorfismo educativo.


Author(s):  
Vladimir Istomin

The increased interest in the topic of climate change (IC) on the part of the general public can be demonstrated by the fact that the number of search queries on Google with the topic "climate change" has doubled over the past five years. All this creates a field for the study of public opinion on the problem of IC. However, at the moment, there is a gap in the Russian literature in the study of this topic from the point of view of the social sciences; most of the works are devoted to the causes and consequences of this phenomenon from the standpoint of natural sciences and economics. The study aims to identify the differences in the nature of the impact between the "usual" socio-demographic characteristics and other characteristics of the inhabitants of European countries on attitudes towards climate change. The aim of the study is to assess the ability of "familiar" socio-demographic characteristics in comparison with "unusual" characteristics to explain attitudes towards climate change and to differentiate countries by the nature of the impact of these characteristics. The scientific significance of this work is to determine the place of "habitual" socio-demographic characteristics in the study of attitudes towards climate change. From an applied point of view, the nature of the influence of "familiar" socio-demographic characteristics is important when targeting a certain group of people (most often it is determined by such characteristics) in the framework of environmental measures.


2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-354
Author(s):  
G. Akan ◽  
◽  
S. Rakhimzhanova ◽  

This article deals with the training of future specialists in higher education institutions in accordance with the development of society and the requirements for the individual, the student. As it is known, due to the increased requirements for the level of training of future specialists in higher education institutions, the social demand for future specialists is quite high, both for themselves and for the individual. In addition, the formation of motivation for professional training of students in higher educational institutions was considered from the point of view of a stable orientation and motivation system. In the process of professional training, personal development is carried out. The formation of a professional personality begins from the moment of choosing a profession and continues throughout life. Many competitions have shown that the formation of professional training of students in teaching English in higher education institutions is not profitable without motives, needs and interests. Therefore, motives, needs and interests are considered as structural components of motivation.


Author(s):  
Garrett Hardin

Europe-focused histories present the world as it appeared to Europeans and to the cultures derived from that continent. It is said that the New World was discovered in 1492—a statement that would have surprised the Aztecs had they heard it. Adopting for the moment the Eurocentric point of view, we note that whereas before 1492 there were about 24 acres of Europe per European, afterward there were some 120 acres of land per European. The fivefold increase presumes the legitimacy of property gained by conquest. This sudden wealth led to what W. P. Webb called an "age of exuberance." No wonder, as Catton and Riley remarked, "Opportunities thereafter seemed limitless. . . [and] it is not surprising that an optimistic belief in 'progress' developed." The age of exuberance has lasted for over four centuries, but seems to be drawing to a close as the sixth century looms on the horizon. Epicurus proclaimed two important default positions: (1) nothing can be created out of nothing, and (2) no existing thing can be converted into nothingness. These are universally accepted by natural scientists, who view them as conservative statements since they refer to the conservation of things. Are economists conservative, in this sense? The record is mixed. Economists demand that their helpers, the accountants, balance their books exactly; and an economist is likely to tell his beginning students that "There's no such thing as a free lunch." But before the course is far advanced the conservative sense of this incantation seems often to be forgotten. The manmade complexities of the world of finance make it difficult to recognize the underlying conservation of true wealth. Scientists have had an easier time dealing with matter and energy. By 1879 the conservation of these entities had been well established in the natural sciences, but in that year the "single taxer" Henry George (1839-1897) defiantly proclaimed non-conservation in the social sciences (see Box 7-1). Real estate developers and commercial promoters in general still sing George's song.


2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Cordero-Gutiérrez ◽  
Libia Santos-Requejo

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the underlying differences in the intention to participate in online commercial experiments through the social network considering users’ gender and age. Design/methodology/approach The model of this paper uses two relevant variables, trust and attitude, to test the behavioral intention. There were 269 data sets from social network’s users. Factorial analysis and linear regression were used in the analysis of the data obtained to investigate the differences in gender and age in the intention to participate in online commercial experiments. Findings The results of this paper show that there exist differences among women and men, and among youthers and adults. Women and youthers are the most desirable groups to conduct commercial experiments through social networks. Research limitations/implications From the point of view of the academics, this paper increases the knowledge of social network’s possibilities as a marketing tool. Practical implications This study and its conclusions are relevant for entrepreneurs in any field who want to reach their customers through a horizontal social network because they can improve the online experiments’ profit. Entrepreneurs can know and understand their customers better, taking into account their wishes, tastes and interests through when participating in a commercial experiment. Originality/value This paper describes the possibilities that social networks like Facebook offer entrepreneurs to know the intention of users to participate in an online commercial experiment. Moreover, the differences in gender and age allow in adapting the contents of the online commercial experiments to get better results. In addition, this research contributes to the investigation in the possibilities of social networks as marketing tools.


Author(s):  
Lars Clausen

There are different social actors (or “collective social actors”) in a disaster who may have differing ideas on the “ideal passenger in a disaster”.This is an euphemism; it includes a gang of hijackers. Any suggested human failure in a complicated technical environment might be threatened or committed deliberately. Some attitudes of the ideal passenger, as seen from the point of view of the pirate, show that: i) the passenger ought to keep quiet, should not panic and should readily obey orders of the hijackers and must be easily persuaded by bullying tactics; and ii) the passenger must be selective in observing his situation —neither apparently looking at anybody nor recognizing anything, except to obey the commands he might receive from the hijackers.This one did not want the disaster to happen, e.g., a rescue team. It also has an “ideal passenger” in mind: i) he should not panic, and should keep quiet, after having given a signal that he is alive and needs help; ii) he should follow orders and should place his trust in personnel; and iii) he should do his best to help himself and identify emergency situations in his co-passengers and help them. The moment rescuers arrive he has to change his role and follow orders.This is the company operating the flight, as presented by the pilot and his crew: i) this party is interested in a quiet and non-panicking passenger; ii) expect him to follow their advice on trust; and iii) require him to take precautions seriously; i.e., reading the emergency regulations put in front of his seat, without unduly worrying about them, but remembering them when disaster strikes.


The article is devoted to the current situation in the art world, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences. Humanity has found itself in a new world of limitation and isolation. Art cannot be displayed in classic exhibition format. Recently, it seemed that the philosophy of art space is an exhibition format. art exhibitions, galleries, museums of classical and modern art, provided a global connection between various representatives of humanity. This was the unifying language of society. Art found itself in a pandemic situation. Art, as a means of communication, responds to an environment that is changing. The space in which art will be represented must also change. This problem requires philosophical reflection and analysis of issues: How can art be represented? The article discusses how the interaction of the viewer and the art-object. It is analyzed whether physical space is important for the interaction of the viewer and the object of art. The article concludes that art is not a place, but a moment. The moment creates discourse. Art in a situation of isolation and pandemic remains the language of communication. contemporary art has a social context. It is a tool for understanding the sociocultural reality of a pandemic and isolation. Our analysis of the situation shows that in the present situation, the spectator no longer a passive observer. It is directly interpreter path art, embodies and represents the art. It does not create a copy; it provides original new content. The article concludes that contemporary art is simultaneously connected and not connected with the place. Art is treated as the embodiment of discourse. Art is a new language that has a social context. Art is a tool of cognition of sociocultural reality. We understand art as a complex text.


2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-372
Author(s):  
G. Akan ◽  
◽  
S. Rakhimzhanova ◽  

This article deals with the training of future specialists in higher education institutions in accordance with the development of society and the requirements for the individual, the student. As it is known, due to the increased requirements for the level of training of future specialists in higher education institutions, the social demand for future specialists is quite high, both for themselves and for the individual. In addition, the formation of motivation for professional training of students in higher educational institutions was considered from the point of view of a stable orientation and motivation system. In the process of professional training, personal development is carried out. The formation of a professional personality begins from the moment of choosing a profession and continues throughout life. Many competitions have shown that the formation of professional training of students in teaching English in higher education institutions is not profitable without motives, needs and interests. Therefore, motives, needs and interests are considered as structural components of motivation.


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