scholarly journals The forgotten names in legal psychology: Erich Wulffen (1862-1936)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Julia Borisovna Plavinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Scientific Contribution ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Legal Psychology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Life Path ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Retrospective Reconstruction

The subject of this research is the life path and scientific legacy of Erich Wulffen (1862-1936) – a prominent representative of the German legal psychology of the late XIX – early XX century. Unfortunately, his works are insufficiently studied in Russia. Therefore, the goal of this study consists in filling the information gaps on the evolution of legal psychology in Germany; analysis of the history of this field of scientific knowledge through the prism of personal biography and scientific contribution of the outstanding German scholar, whose works had a significant impact upon the development of Western European legal psychology. The following methods were applied: historical-functional, comparative-historical, systematization of psychological ideas of E. Wulffen, retrospective reconstruction of the evolution of his scientific ideas, and biographical that allowed determining his contribution to the formation of legal psychology as science. The author comprehensively examines the scientific legacy of Erich Wulffen – a scholar who made a significant contribution to the establishment and development of legal psychology in Germany. The new data is introduced into the scientific discourse allowing to analyze the logics and dynamics of evolution of psychological views, as well as determine the most important ideas of E. Wulffen that retain their relevance at present.

Psychiatry in Portugal: Key actors and conceptual history (1884–1924)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-164
Author(s):  
José Morgado Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Historical Period ◽  
Conceptual History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Ideas

The aim of this article is the study of psychiatry in Portugal between 1884 and 1924, the period when it became institutionalized, and when works that marked its scientific evolution were published. This paper summarizes the various historiographical approaches, and its approach to the subject is closest to the conceptual history carried out by German Berrios in Cambridge. The study attempts to correlate the key actors and their works with the history of different scientific ideas, its differences, and the influences of foreign authors. The diseases, syndromes, symptoms and pathologizations in this historical period were also studied, justifying a constructionist perspective. Finally, the various therapies are discussed, from institutional to pharmacological and psychotherapeutical.

Luke Howard, F. R. S. (1772-1864) and his relations with Goethe

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Atmospheric Electricity ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Early History ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Modern Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rain Cloud

Luke Howard, F.R.S., is an outstanding figure in the history of meteorology (1). His published works, notably The Climate of London (1818) based on his observations, were landmarks in the early history of the subject, while his theories of the causes of rain and the influence of atmospheric electricity on precipitation have been largely confirmed by modern investigation. His most significant contribution to the science, however, was the publication, in 1803, in his ‘Essay on the Modification of Clouds’ (5), of the first classification of the cloud formations on a scientific basis which found general acceptance: his Latin terminology—cirrus, cumulus, stratus and their modifications, including nimbus, the rain-cloud—is still employed in the modern classification of cloud forms (2).

scholarly journals PRESERVING THE MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE RUSSIAN ONOMASTIC SPACE

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Popov ◽  
◽  
Ksenia M. Gerasimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

The subject of analysis in this article is the ranks of proper names that have entered the onomastic space of Russia over the past 75 years, in which the memory of the heroes and events of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 has been preserved. The purpose of the work is to identify the specificity of onomastic units associated with the specified period in the history of our country. The authors of the article suggest calling them heroic toponyms, ergonyms, carabonyms, etc. According to the authors, the onomastic space of the Russian Federation is currently one of the most reliable types of historical memory of the people, since the names, surnames, and occupations of people who have made a significant contribution to the history of a particular settlement, region or country in overall, as well as the names of historical events. The process of this onomastic nomination is presented as part of the state policy of memory. The article examines in the aspect of commemoration toponyms, microtoponyms, oikonyms, urbanonyms, oronyms, carabonyms, astronyms, cosmonyms, ergonyms, as well as modern memorial sports events dedicated to the events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The main attention is paid to heroic toponymy, in particular, the specificity of the commemorative nomination in the settlements on the territory of which during the war years hostilities took place (hero cities, cities of military glory, settlements of military valor) are highlighted. The authors come to the conclusion that reliable information about one of the most difficult periods of Russian history will be reliably transmitted from generation to generation through the onomastic space of Russia.

scholarly journals "Jack of Hearts" A. T. Neofitov from the Circle of F. M. Dostoevsky

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-167
Author(s):  
Valentina V. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Legal Representative ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Criminal Network ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Path

The article reconstructs the life path of Alexander Timofeevich Neofitov, the first legal representative of A. F. Kumanina. The recreation is based on the memorial, epistolary, biographic and historic resources introduced into scientific discourse. They include the testimonies from the unpublished memoirs of A. M. Dostoevsky, an unreleased letter by A. G. Dostoevskaya to N. N. Strakhov dated October 18, 1881, which characterizes the Kumanin case as “wretched and bewitched” (Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts. Fund 1159. List 6. File 6. Page 1), materials of the well-known Moscow trial of false-coiners, and other criminal cases (“The Jack of Hearts Club. Criminal trial.” 1877). It also comprises the details from the history of Moscow Academy of Commercial Studies, which Aleksei Alekseevich Kunanin had founded and where he served as a trustee. As a professor of World History at the Academy, A. T. Neofitov became one of the key members of the Jack of Hearts Club criminal network. His involvement in various illegal schemes with the Kumanin inheritance was described in Dostoevsky’s novels <i>Crime and Punishment</i> and <i>The Raw Youth</i>. As a result of the inquiry, we can deduce that due to the fraud conducted by Neofitov, who was the ‘enfant terrible’ among the writer’s relatives, the Kumanin inheritance case turned out to be not only “wretched” and “bewitched,” but highly criminalized.

scholarly journals M. M. Prishvin and N. A. Semashko: literary image of the “gymnasium friend” in works of the writer

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Modestovich Podoksenov ◽  
Valentina Alekseevna Telkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Artistic Interpretation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Revolutionary Ideology

The subject of this article is the analysis of the history of relations between M. M. Prishvin and N. A. Semashko since gymnasium childhood until the last days of life. It is demonstrated that if the biographical material on enduring friendship between Prishvin and Semashko, contained in reminiscences of their contemporaries and works of the writer himself, is given considerable attention, then his diary notes, which significantly transform the representations on true nature of their relations, have not yet become the subject of research. The article employs the method of historical reconstruction of ideological-political context of life of the Soviet society, which gives a better perspective on the peculiarities of artistic interpretation by M. M. Prishvin of the party and state activity of N. A. Semashko. The novelty of this article consists in introduction into the scientific discourse of the new facts from Prishvin&rsquo;s Diary that consisted of 18 volumes and was published only in post-Soviet time &nbsp;(1991-2017), which is a testimony that his relations with the People's Commissar of Public Health N, A, Semashko were often tainted with irreconcilable ideological and worldview discrepancies. It is no coincidence that in his autobiographical novel &ldquo;The Chain of Kashchei&rdquo;, Prishvin portrayed Semashko not only as an ideological supporter of Leninism, but also a nihilist-Nietzschean Yefim Nesgovorov. Morveover, the history of relations with Semashko sheds light on the reasons of Prishvin's disappointment with the revolutionary ideology of Bolshevism.

ORTHODOX COLLECTIONS IN THE FUNDS OF THE MUSEUM OF ARCHEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF THE IEI UFRC RAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
R.M. MUKHAMETZYANOVA-DUGGAL ◽  
◽  
D.A. EFIMOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article analyzes the quantitative and qualitative composition of the collection of the Museum of Archeology and Ethnography of the R.G. Kuzeev Institute for Ethnological Research of the UFRC RAS (MAE IEI UFRC RAS) related to Orthodoxy. It is noted that these items were collected as a result of ethnographic expeditions, donations and purchases, are stored and studied for a long time. The article provides information about the history of the appearance, methods of use, as well as what these objects carried and carry meaning in the religious life of the peoples of Bashkortostan. The conclusion is formulated, according to which, the objects of religious cults from the collection of the MAE are mainly represented by material and pictorial documents. Pictorial sources include icons depicting St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, the Tabyn Mother of God, especially revered in the Southern Urals, saints and sculptural images of the crucifixions of Christ. The material or material sources include crosses (body, altar), items of church utensils, vestments of priests, etc. In general, the objects of religious cults of the peoples of the Southern Urals are a kind of document, evidence reflecting the historical past of the region. The introduction of museum sources into scientific circulation, their comprehensive study will significantly expand and supplement the source base of research. At the same time, the development of the main problems of preservation, use and interpretation of these sources should become the subject of independent scientific research, which can make a significant contribution to the understanding of the cultural heritage of the Southern Urals, Bashkortostan in particular.

THE IDEOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF PEASANT EXILE IN 1930-1940 (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE OSTYAKO-VOGULSKY NATIONAL DISTRICT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6/1) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Tatyana V. KOZYREVA
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
System Development ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Settlements ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

History of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug is an integral part of the Russian history. Event of regional history are often becomes the subject of study of a wide range of researchers. The purpose of the article is to analyze the ideological and socioeconomic factors of the peasant exile in 1930-1940 on the example of the OstyakoVogulsky National District. The work presents an analysis of state policy towards kulaks. The Orders presented in the article, the Decrees, the analysis of the policies pursued by the Soviet authorities, allow us to consider the ideological foundations of the kulak exile. Socio-economic factors reflect the process of special settlements system development, the use of forced labor of special settlers in the Ostyako-Vogulsky National District, its ways and measures. Describes the process of settlement of Ostyako-Vogulsky National District special resettlers. Special villages were organized in areas where there was a shortage of labor. Special settlers contributed to the active development of the Ostyako-Vogulsky National district. The author highlights the issues of employment in rural areas of special settle, as well as associated difficulties and their overcoming. Shown their contribution in development of the economic potential of the region, various sector of the economy. The data presented in the article confirm that the settlers made up the bulk of the workforce in the forestry and fishing industries of the region and made a significant contribution to the development of the district. Forced resettlements of dekulakized peasants contributed to fundamental changes in the district. There was an increase in the population of the OstyakoVogulsky National District, new settlements appeared due to special settlements.

СЛОВО О Н. П. ФЕТИСКИНЕ (памяти ушедшего друга), "Методология и история психологии"

2018 ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Владимир Александрович Мазилов
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Sports Psychology ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Family Psychology ◽  
Legal Psychology ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Path ◽  
Number Of Publications

November 24, 2017 suddenly the life of Nikolay Petrovich Fetiskin, the famous and authoritative Russian psychologist, ended. V. A. Mazilov, the psychologist and his closest friend, shares his memories and experiences, involuntarily assesses the life path of N. P. Fetiskin, his personality, scientiic research, organizational, pedagogical and publishing activities. N. P. Fetiskin is a man with a broad soul, ebullient energy, sociable and cheerful, appreciating the life in all its manifestations, a caring friend and family man, easy on the rise, ready to help even strangers. N. P. Fetiskin's field of research interests is diverse: methodology and history of psychology, psychophysiology, psychology of emotions, labor psychology, social psychology, organizational psychology, pedagogical psychology, family psychology, ethnopsychology, sports psychology, legal psychology, gender psychology, stress psychology, acmeology, deviantology, addiction psychology, psychodiagnos-tics, psychological publicism, etc. Throughout his life, N. P. Fetiskin mastered new horizons of science, conducted innovative research, brought up a large number of scientific disciples. Under his direction, the scientiic collectives worked successfully, what is relected in a large number of publications. N. P. Fetiskin's departure from the life is a grievous loss for the family, friends, fellow scientists, this is a great loss for Russian psychology.

Sociology and Idealism in Britain 1880–1920

1978 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Collini
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Metaphysical Tradition ◽  
Classical Sociology ◽  
Intellectual Climate

It is something of a commonplace in the history of sociological theory that during the classical period of the development of the subject, when Weber and Durkheim and others were formulating the stock of ideas upon which subsequent theory has so largely drawn, no significant contribution was forthcoming from Britain. Parsons' The Structure of Social Action was probably the most influential single source of this view, and it is one which was subsequently popularized by Hughes, Annan and others. It is now sufficiently well established to have been taken as the explanandum in several recent essays. Where the explanation has been looked for in intellectual terms, this has generally involved some variation on the theme of the ‘curious strength of positivism’ in British thought. The gist of this claim is that the intellectual climate in Britain was (and is) marked by a tradition of empiricism in philosophy and individualism in social thought which was unreceptive to the abstract theory and the social-structural concepts which are integral to classical sociology. The significance of the British empirical tradition in philosophy has been particularly insisted upon. This makes it all the more important to point out that it was precisely during this period that what is generally referred to as Idealism was the dominant philosophy in Britain, a philosophy characterized by its thoroughgoing rejection of nominalism and empiricism in favour of the metaphysical tradition derived mainly from Kant and Hegel, a philosophy, I shall argue, which was potentially a fruitful basis for the development of sociological theory.

scholarly journals Cultural-historical psychology and V.A. Romenets’ creativity

2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-77
Author(s):  
Petro Myasoid
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Psychological Dimension ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
Life Path ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
The Individual

The study is dedicated to the 95th anniversary of the birth of a prominent Ukrainian scholar, Academician V. Romenets (1926–1998) – the founder of cultural and historical psychology, the author of the theory of deed. The purpose of the study is to analyze ways of explaining the nature of the mental that exist in cultural and historical psychology, to characterize the work of the scholar and deepen the understanding of the subject of this discipline, and to analyze the theory of deed and take the next steps. The first part of the study characterizes the history and current state of cultural and historical psychology, the leading theories in this area, the problems that are not solved. It is stated that the authors of works in this field are just beginning to look in the direction, where the prominent Ukrainian scholar has already paved the way with Herculean efforts and ideas of great significance content. The article substantiates the proposition that the theory of deed of V. Romenets fills cultural-historical psychology with the real content and brings it to a fundamentally new level of development. The second part of the study presents the positions of the concept that sets the guidelines for analyzing the work of V. Romenets, periodization of creativity; the theory of deed is characterized as an explanation of the nature and essence of objectification of mental in action as a cornerstone of historical human existence in culture. According to V. Romenets, the image of a person in the history of culture appears as evidence of the psychology of the era, on this basis, the historical levels of formation of psychological knowledge are distinguished. The components of the theory of deed is given to the words of the scholar: the theory of creativity, the history of world psychology, historical psychology, the life path of a person, philosophy of the transitory, the theory of the sources of human life, a person as an inspiring personality, canonical psychology. The definitions of the components of the main triad in V. Romenets’ thinking are given: person – deed – world. It is noted that due to the work of the scientist, psychology is filled with proper humanistic content and highlights the cultural and historical mission of this science, which is to remind people of the responsibility for what has been done and has not been done, for what has been done and has been lost. It is claimed that the system of knowledge created by the scholar has no analogs in world psychology. The third part of the study analyzes Romenets’ solution to psychology’s main problem, represented by the relationship “subjective – objective”. In this regard, the place of the scholar’s creativity in Ukrainian and world science is determined. It is shown that the theory of deed is constructed by thinking, which is implemented as a deed, the theory of deed is a historical-logical-psychological product, its completion is the logical conclusion of the history of psychology. It is shown that the creativity of V. Romenets is in line with the leading trend in the history of epistemology, which runs from dualism to increasingly meaningful monism. A provision on the principle of involvement is introduced, which fixes the fact of a person’s direct presence in the cognitive process and is further deepened by the idea of the identity of thinking and being. It is shown that the principle of involvement essentially characterizes the creativity of V. Romenets and opens the possibility to see that psychological cognition is carried out by a particular scholar and that the individual in this process lies in the realm of natural as historical-logical-psychological. That which in epistemology acts as anthropocentrism, in psychology arises as the basis of the anthropological approach, the subject of which is the mental of a person as a directly present way of being inherent in it in the being of the world. The positions of the anthropological approach are formulated, it is noted that the approach is formed in the process of analyzing the creativity of V. Romenets and serves to study human life in its specific psychological dimension.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document