scholarly journals HDV/AIDS awareness among young people and their sexual behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
A. A. Khryanin ◽  
O. V. Reshetnikov ◽  
T. A. Shpiks ◽  
M. V. Russkih ◽  
G. A. Kovalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Medical Engineering ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Regular Partner ◽  
Aids Awareness ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

This article presents the results of a survey carried out among 1,427 Novosibirsk university students (medical, engineering and humanities specializations) with the purpose of assessing their awareness concerning the prevention of HIV and STIs, as well as risky sexual behaviour. The level of knowledge about HIV is shown to be rather high among Novosibirsk university students. However, an insufficient level of awareness concerning rare HIV transmission routes is identified. In addition, the respondents are found to adhere to out-of-date views concerning HIV patients. Female respondents in this age group tend to trust their regular partner, thus neglecting preventive measures. More than half of the respondents have a positive attitude towards using a condom during sexual intercourse.

scholarly journals A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Breast Cancer and Its Preventive Measures among GNM Students in Tripura, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 1943-1948
Author(s):  
Maitri Chaudhuri ◽  
Manamala Das ◽  
Dilip Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Self Examination

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide (22%), and in India (18.5%) it ranks second to cervical cancer. The burden of breast cancer is increasing in both developed and developing countries. India is a vast country with huge population, cultural diversity, geographical variations, diets and habits; sources of information on cancer risk factors are limited. Ageing is the main risk factor for breast cancer. Some of the associated factors related to reproductive and lifestyle includes literacy, diet, age at menarche and menopause, age at first delivery, abortion, and family history of breast cancer. Various pneumonic devices are used in teaching breast self-examination which includes “7Ps” - position, perimeter, palpation, pressure, pattern, practice, and planning, what to do if a change is found in a breast tissue. This study was carried out with the intention of assessing the level of knowledge and prevention of breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE) in female nursing students. METHODS A descriptive study was carried out in the Nurses’ Training Institute, Agartala, Tripura. A total of 100 students present on those days of data collection and who gave consent were included in the study. RESULTS 94 % were in the age group of 18 - 22 (reproductive age group) years. Among the 100 study participants, only 1 % had adequate knowledge followed by 36 % having moderate knowledge and majority (63 %) were under ‘inadequate level of knowledge’. Study showed that, there is a significant association between nursing student’s religion and educational level with the knowledge score on breast cancer and its preventive measures with chi square = 20.46 and chi square = 31.47 respectively at P < 0.05 level of significance. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that the knowledge level of breast cancer among nursing students was poor. Nurse educator has ample opportunity for taking active part in educating the nursing students regarding breast cancer and its prevention. Education is of utmost importance for early detection of breast cancer and reduction of mortality. KEYWORDS Breast Cancer, Adequate, Moderately adequate, Inadequate

scholarly journals Knowledge regarding preventive measures of pressure ulcer among nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Gita Neupane ◽  
Chanda Sah
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Pressure Ulcer ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Medical Complication ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pressure Ulcer Prevention ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Pressure ulcer is a preventable medical complication. Nurses are primarily respon­sible in pressure ulcer prevention. This study was designed to find out knowledge regarding pre­ventive measures of pressure ulcer among nurses. Methods: Descriptive study was conducted among 100 nurses, selected by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. Pretested Self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used and collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 20.0. Results: The findings of the study revealed that nearly half (48%) of the respondents had low knowledge regarding pressure ulcer. Regarding age, majority (52%) of the respondents were of age group 18-27 years. Regarding qualification, 48% of the respondents were PCL nursing and 47% had working experience of 1-5 years. Similarly, 17% of respondents were working in Gynecology ward and 85% had exposed to managed patients with pressure ulcer. Among them, 76% of the respondents had knowledge regarding meaning and 96% had knowledge regarding signs of pres­sure ulcer. Ninety two percent of the respondents had knowledge that position of patients should be changed every 2 hourly, 38% had knowledge that patient’s head should be elevated at or below 300 and 73% had knowledge that normal saline is the best solution to cleanse pressure ulcer. There was statistically significant association of respondents’ level of knowledge regarding ulcer with working department (p=0.001). Conclusions: The study concluded that nearly half of the nurses have low knowledge regarding pressure ulcer. It is recommended to hospital management to conduct in-service education for nurses.

Sexual Dimorphism among the Kathmandu University Students Assessed by Anthropometric Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 20469-20472
Author(s):  
Shakya R ◽  
Bhattacharya SC ◽  
Shrestha R
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
University Students ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Males And Females

Objectives: To observe the sexual dimorphism among the young adult age group ranging from 18-21 years, of Kathmandu University students by measuring craniofacial circumference and canthal distances. Rationale of the study: These data could be useful for establishing the craniofacial standards and adds an implementation on plastic surgery, crime detection as well as in the industrial field. Method: 300 clinically normal students of Kathmandu University aged between 18-21 years were examined for the study. Fronto-occipital circumference, outer and inner canthal distances were measured. All the parameters were compared between males and females. Result: The cranial circumference as well as the inner and outer canthal distance in males was found to be significantly higher as compared to the females. Conclusion: The results concluded that sexual dimorphism remarkably exists in young adults of Kathmandu University students.

scholarly journals Trends of Stomach Cancer in Central Serbia

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Miodrag M. Stojanovic ◽  
Natasa K. Rancic ◽  
Marija R. Andjelkovic Apostolovic ◽  
Aleksandra M. Ignjatovic ◽  
Mirko V. Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Incidence Trend ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Somach cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The objective of the paper was to analyze the incidence and mortality trends of stomach cancer in Central Serbia in the period between 1999–2017. Materials and Methods: trends and annual percentage change (APC) of the incidence and mortality rate with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by joinpoint regression analyses. The optimal number of Joinpoints was identified using the Monte Carlo permutation method. The trend was considered to be significantly increasing (positive change) or decreasing (negative change) when the p-value was below 0.05 (p < 0.05). Results: the total number of new cases was 16,914 (10,873 males and 6041 females) and the total number of mortality cases was 14,790 (9348 in and 5442 in females). Almost one third (30.8%) of new cases were registered in the 60–69-year age group, and new cases were significantly more frequent in males than in females (30.8% vs. 29.02%, p < 0.001). Joinpoint regression analysis showed a significant decrease of incidence trend in females during the 2000–2015 period with APC of −2.13% (95% CI: −3.8 to −0.5, p < 0.001). An insignificant decrease in incidence trend was in males with APC of −0.72% (95% CI: −2.3 to 0.9, p = 0.30). According to the joinpoint analysis, a significant decrease of mortality trends both in males during 2000–2015 with APC of −2.21% (95% CI: −1.6 to −7.5, p ≤ 0.001 and in females, during the same period, with APC of −1.75% (95% CI: −2.9 to −0.6, p < 0.001) was registered. From 2015 to 2017, a significant increase of mortality was registered with APC of 44.5% (95% CI: from 24.2 to −68.1, p ≤ 0.001) in females and in males with APC of 53.15% (95% CI: 13.5 to −106.6, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: a significant decrease of stomach cancer incidence trend in females and insignificant decrease of incidence trend in males were determined in Central Serbia. Based on presented results, the mortality trend decreased significantly both in males and in females during 2000–2015, and from 2015 to 2017 we recorded a significant increase in mortality in both sexes. We found significantly more new cases in women than in men in the age group of 40–49, and the mortality of stomach cancer was significantly more frequent among females compared to males in the age groups 30–39, as well as in the 50–59 age group. There is a need for improving recording and registration of new cases of stomach cancer, especially in females. Urgent primary and secondary preventive measures are needed—introducing stomach cancer screening and early detection of premalignant changes. Urgent primary and secondary preventive measures are needed.

A Descriptive study to assess the level of knowledge regarding Menopause among rural women of age group 45-55 years at Kot Bhalwal, Jammu

2021 ◽  
pp. 315-316
Author(s):  
Deva Pon Pushpam. I.
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Western World ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Age Range

One of the most important stage in women`s life is menopause. The word menopause simply refers to the last menstrual period which is defined by not having had a period in 12 months. The average age of menopause in western world is 51 years while as in India it is 47.5 years and the normal age range for the occurrence of menopause is somewhat between the age of 45 and 55 years. A descriptive study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge regarding menopause among rural women of age group 45-55 years at Kot Bhalwal, Jammu. The objectives were to assess the level of knowledge regarding menopause among rural women of age group 45-55 years at Kot Bhalwal, Jammu and to associate the level of knowledge regarding menopause with their selected socio demographic variables. Quantitative approach, descriptive research design was used. 100 women of 45–55 years age who fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected using purposive sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was developed for the study. The tool was tested for content validity and reliability prior to the study. The collected data was tabulated, analysed and interpreted by using descriptive and inferential statistics and findings showed that majority of the sample 97(97%) had below average level of knowledge, 3(3%) had average level of knowledge and 0(0%) had above average level of knowledge and there was no significant association between the selected socio-demographic variables and the level of knowledge.

scholarly journals Prevention of HIV transmission in the UK: what is the role of male circumcision?

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. MacDonald ◽  
J. Humphreys ◽  
H. W Jaffe
Keyword(s):  
Male Circumcision ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv

scholarly journals Self-efficacy in protecting oneself against HIV transmission

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Sofie Van Pelt ◽  
Anne Ryen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
General Health ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Main Determinants

This article deals with the complexity of health behaviour from a self-efficacy perspective, and shows the naivety in assuming knowledge as the main guide to better protection against HIV. The authors accentuate the importance of local knowledge when developing health strategies as in the case of protection against HIV, in this case for female university students in Malawi. Being part of a transition period, these students have to handle complex and at times opposing expectations. This makes HIV protection into a complex social- and health issue. However, the close association between universities and rational thinking has for long made public health see self-efficacy as one of the main determinants in general health behaviour. By seeing health behaviour as complex, this study explores into how female university students perceive their own self-efficacy in protecting themselves against HIV in Malawi with a HIV score of approximately 12%. The study is based on data from Chancellor College in Zomba, Malawi. The authors point to the potential of a closer collaboration between social work and public health in issues of both a social and a health nature, as in the case of HIV protection.

scholarly journals Sexual behaviour and risk of sexually transmitted infections in young female healthcare students in Spain

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Navarro-Cremades ◽  
Antonio Palazón-Bru ◽  
Dolores Marhuenda-Amorós ◽  
María Isabel Tomás-Rodríguez ◽  
Fina Antón-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Activities

Background.Several authors have examined the risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI), but no study has yet analyzed it solely in relation with sexual behaviour in women. We analyzed the association of sexual behaviour with STI risk in female university students of healthcare sciences.Methods.We designed a cross-sectional study assessing over three months vaginal intercourse with a man. The study involved 175 female university students, without a stable partner, studying healthcare sciences in Spain. Main outcome variable: STI risk (not always using male condoms). Secondary variables: sexual behaviour, method of orgasm, desire to increase the frequency of sexual relations, desire to have more variety in sexual relations, frequency of sexual intercourse with the partner, and age. The information was collected with an original questionnaire. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) in order to analyze the association between the STI risk and the study variables.Results.Of the 175 women, 52 were positive for STI risk (29.7%, 95% CI [22.9–36.5%]). Factors significantly associated with STI risk (p< 0.05) included: orgasm (not having orgasms →OR = 7.01, 95% CI [1.49–33.00]; several methods →OR = 0.77, 95% CI [0.31–1.90]; one single method →OR = 1;p= 0.008) and desiring an increased frequency of sexual activities (OR = 0.27, 95% CI [0.13–0.59],p< 0.001).Conclusions.Women’s desire for sexual activities and their sexual function were significant predictors of their risk for STI. Information about sexual function is an intrinsic aspect of sexual behaviour and should be taken into consideration when seeking approaches to reduce risks for STI.

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