Tomato varieties and heterotic hybrids for re-growing

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Т.Э. Остонакулов ◽  
О.Х. Муратов
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Resistance To Diseases

Изучали коллекцию ранних и среднеранних сортов и гетерозисных гибридов томата в повторной культуре, на основе комплексной оценки выделили из них перспективные, устойчивые к заболеваниям, вредителям и экстремальным условиям, способствующие получению до осенних заморозков урожая не менее 28-30 т/га, пригодные для потребления в свежем виде и переработки. Эксперименты проводили в 2018-2020 годах на орошаемых лугово-сероземных почвах Самаркандской области. Рассаду высаживали с 5-6 настоящими листьями 25-28 июня по схеме 70×20 см. В статье приведены результаты оценки 35 сортов и гетерозисных гибридов томата в повторной культуре по скороспелости, урожайности, темпам роста, устойчивости к заболеваниям, вредителям и экстремальным условиям произрастания. Самую высокую всхожесть семян (88,6-90,2%) отметили у сортов Дар Заволжья, Новичок, Финиш, Сурхон-142 и гибридов F1 Султон, F1 Ложайин. Самыми высокорослыми (75,1-81,0 см), облиственными (71,2-77,6 шт/раст.) были растения у сортов Дони, Дар Заволжья Финиш, Намуна-70, Солярис и гибридов F1 Султон, F1Ложайин. Урожайность товарных плодов по сортам и гибридам составила 17,7-35,2 т/га. Наибольший товарный урожай (25,1-32,1 т/га) был получен у сортов Новичок, Перст, Дар Заволжья, Финиш, Солярис, Боходир, Мустакиллик-28 и у гибридов F1Амулет, F1 Madera, F1 Ложайи, F1 Султон. При этом прибавка урожая составили у сортов 7,5-10,8, а у гибридов 7,7-14,5 т/га. Доля урожайности от первого и второго сбора у этих выделенных сортов и гибридов была наибольшей и составила 73,4-85,4% от общей урожайности. Выявлено, что широкое возделывание выделенных ранних и среднеранних сортов и гибридов томата в повторной культуре способствует получению до осенних заморозков товарного урожая 25-28 т/га и более, пригодных для потребления в свежем виде, переработки и экспорта. The research is aimed at studying the collection of early and mid-early varieties and heterotic hybrids of tomato in repeated growing and, on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of them, the selection of promising ones, differing in resistance to diseases, pests and extreme conditions, contributing to obtaining a ripe harvest of at least 28-30 t/ha before autumn frosts per hectare, suitable for consumption and processing. The experiments were carried out in 2018-2020 on irrigated meadow-serozem soils of the Samarkand region. Planting of seedlings with 5-6 true leaves in tomato varieties and hybrids was carried out on June 25-28 according to the 70×20 cm scheme. The article presents the results of evaluating 35 varieties and heterotic hybrids of tomato in re-growing by early maturity, harvest, growth rate, resistance to diseases, pests and extreme growing conditions. It was found that the highest seed germination (88.6-90.2%) was observed in the varieties Dar Zavolzhya, Novichok, Finish, Surkhon-142 and hybrids F1 Sulton, F1 Lozhain. The tallest (75.1-81.0 cm), leafy (71.2-77.6 leaves per plant) were varieties Doni, Dar Zavolzhya Finish, Namuna-70, Solaris and hybrids F1Sulton, F1 Lozhayin. The yield of marketable fruits by varieties and hybrids was 17.7-35.2 t/ha. The highest marketable yield (25.1-32.1 t/ha) was obtained in the varieties Novichok, Finger, Dar Zavolzhya, Finish, Solaris, Bohodir, Mustakillik-28, F1 Amulet, F1 Madera, F1Lozhain, F1 Sulton hybrids. At the same time, the yield increase was 7.5-10.8 t/ha for varieties, and 7.7-14.5 t/ha for hybrids. The share of first and second harvesting of these selected varieties and hybrids were the largest and amounted to 73.4-85.4% of the total. It was revealed that the widespread cultivation of selected early and mid-early varieties and hybrids of tomato in repeated growing contributes to the receipt of a marketable crop 25-28 t/ha or more, suitable for fresh consumption, processing and for export, before the autumn frosts.

scholarly journals Cultural Management Practices for Commercial Tigernut Production in Southern Ontario, Canada

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Evan Elford ◽  
Jim Todd ◽  
Peter White ◽  
Rachel Riddle ◽  
John O’Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Cultural Management ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
N Fertility

To foster development of Ontario commercial tigernut (Cyperus esculentus var. sativus) production, this study was conducted to identify cultural management practices that increase tuber yields. The agronomic practices of field preparation (hilled vs. not hilled), regular irrigation vs. natural rainfall, varying rates of nitrogen (N) fertility, and early season weed management were evaluated. Irrigation had no significant impact on total fresh weight, dry weight, and marketable yield over 2 growing seasons. Similarly, yields from plants grown in hilled rows vs. flat beds over two seasons showed no significant differences. Tigernut yields did not show a response to increasing rates of N up to 150 kg·ha−1. A critical weed-free period of 3 weeks resulted in an 844% yield increase over the nonweeded control. Overall, the results indicate that in general, tigernut requires few inputs to produce a viable commercial yield under Ontario growing conditions.

Varieties of sweet potato and features of their cultivation technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Т.Э. Остонакулов ◽  
А.А. Шамсиев
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Sprout Formation ◽  
Yield Formation

В 2017–2019 годах изучены сортообразцы сладкого картофеля на староорошаемых лугово-сероземных почвах Зарафшанской долины. Цель исследований – комплексная оценка сортообразцов батата в условиях Зарафшанской долины по скороспелости, росту, развитию, интенсивному размножению, формированию урожая, компактности клубней в гнезде, продуктивности, урожайности и лежкости клубней и выделение из них перспективных, а также разработка приемов агротехнологии получения высоких урожаев для данных условий. Почвы опытного участка характеризуются благоприятными агрофизическими и водными свойствами и низким содержанием гумуса, нитратного азота, подвижного фосфора и содержанием обменного калия от низкого до среднего. Сравнивали 18 сортообразцов батата. Выделенные сортообразцы изучали при ширине междурядий 70 и 90 см со схемой 70×25 и 90×20 см по 1, 2 и 3 растения в гнезде. Для получения рассады сортообразцов батата брали по 40 клубней и высаживали 20–22 февраля в пленочной теплице при температуре 15–18 °C, заделывая их на глубину 3–5 см. Влажность почвы поддерживали на уровне 65–70%. Через 7–10 дней после высадки почки начинают прорастать, а через 43–48 дней формируется рассада высотой 12–15 см, готовая для высадки в поле. Высадка рассады, как и других рассадных культур (томата, перца, баклажана) – по схеме 70×20–25 см во второй-третьей декаде апреля. Уход включал в себя междурядную обработку (культивация), прополку, борьбу с сорняками, подкормку, поливы. Уборка урожая – в конце сентября-начале октября с помощью картофелекопателя. В результате исследований выделились сорта по скороспелости, дружности формирования ростков, ускоренному размножению, продуктивности, компактности клубней в гнезде и с высоким товарным урожаем – Сочакинур, Хар-Бей и Япон. Возделывание этих сортообразцов по схеме 70×25 и 90×20 см способствует получению товарного урожая высокого качества не менее 43–48 т/га. In 2017–2019, studies were conducted on the study of varieties of sweet potatoes on old-irrigated meadow-gray-earth soils of the Zarafshan valley. The purpose of the research is a comprehensive assessment of sweet potato varieties in the conditions of the Zarafshan valley in terms of early maturity, growth, development, intensive reproduction, yield formation, compactness of tubers in the nest, productivity, yield and keeping quality of tubers and the selection of promising ones, as well as the development of methods of agricultural technology for obtaining high yields for given conditions. The soil is characterized by favorable agrophysical and water properties and low content of humus, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and a low-average content of exchange potassium. Eighteen sweet potato varieties were compared. The selected variety samples were studied with a row spacing of 70 and 90 cm with a scheme of 70×25 and 90×20 cm for 1, 2 and 3 seedlings in the nest. To obtain seedlings of sweet potato varieties, 40 tubers were taken and planted on February 20–22 in a film greenhouse at a temperature of 15–18 °C, seeding to a depth of 3–5 cm, the soil moisture was maintained at 65–70%. 7–10 days after planting, the buds began to germinate, and after 43–48 days, seedlings were formed with a height of 12–15 cm, which is ready for planting in the field. Planting seedlings in the field is carried out, as well as other seedlings (tomato, pepper, eggplant) according to the scheme 70x20–25 cm in the second or third decade of April. Growing includes inter-row processing (cultivation), weeding, weed control, top dressing, watering. Harvesting in late September, early October with a potato digger. As a result of the research, varieties were identified in terms of early maturity, sprout formation, accelerated reproduction, productivity, compactness of tubers in the nest and ensuring a high marketable yield – Sochakinur, Xar-Bey, and Japon. The cultivation of these varieties according to the scheme 70×25 and 90×20 cm contributes to the production of a commodity crop at 43–48 t/ha with good qualities.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF REMOTE CROSS IN THE CITRUS CROPS SELECTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Kulyan
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Citrus Germplasm ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Primary Test ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Positive Traits

The Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops has the citrus germplasm collection, in total over 150 genotypes of various origins including 30 wild and semi-wild relatives. As a result of controlled hybridization in 17 crossings combinations of with the participation of relatives of citrus plants, new 769 hybrid offspring were obtained, which combine the traits of both the maternal and paternal genotypes. Analyzing the populations, promising combinations were highlighted: C. reticulata × Fortunella margarita (47.1%); C. x natsudaidai × 3252 (42.1%) and C. reticulata × C. reticulata ‘Cleopatra’ (40.9%) to create the gene pool of distant hybrids. From the mentioned combinations of crossings the greatest percent of seedlings which phenotypes tend to cultivated varieties was received. This hybrid material is a valuable source for isolating forms that are resistant to extreme environmental factors. According to phenotypic characteristics, hybrids were divided into three categories: I – Cultural, II – Semi-wild and III – Wild. Of the first category, the largest number 87 prospective forms were selected, and can be of interest for further breeding. As a result of the study of interspecific hybrid seedlings, 137 promising forms have been identified, which are carriers the complex traits such as dwarfism, thornless, early maturity and increased winter hardiness. From this set 17 genotypes were selected, which received the status of an elite forms, which successfully pass the primary test, and will be also useful in further breeding work for creating sources with a complex of positive traits and on breeding new varieties of citrus crops resistant to growing conditions.

THE EFFECTS OF SEX AND AGE OF MALE AT CASTRATION ON GROWTH AND CARCASS QUALITY OF YORKSHIRE SWINE

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Charette
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Effect On Growth

The effects of sex and age of castration of males on growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics in bacon type swine were measured using 16 pigs each as gilts, entire boars, and boars castrated at birth, 6, 12, 16, and 20 weeks of age. Castration at 20 weeks was too late since some pigs reached 200 pounds live weight before that age. Boars consumed less feed daily than barrows and gilts, were thinner in loin fat, and yielded a higher percentage of shoulder than gilts. The carcasses of boars and gilts were longer, had less fat covering over the shoulder and back, a larger area of loin, and a higher iodine number than those castrated late. Acceptability tests showed that sex or age of castration did not affect the flavour, odour, or tenderness of the meat.Purebred breeders can delay castration for better selection of boars without any serious effect on growth, physical carcass characteristics, and feed requirements. Although the market discriminates against boars, it appears questionable whether castration is necessary when boars are slaughtered at 200 pounds before they reach the age of 150 days.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the average performance of topcrosses among food and grain type soybean

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto K. Yokomizo ◽  
Natal A. Vello
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Vegetable Soybean ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

The food type soybean (exotic) are, in general, non-adapted to the Brazilian growing conditions. A breeding strategy to develop adapted food type soybean should involve crossing exotic with the available grain type genotypes. We evaluated the performance of topcrosses among food type and grain type soybeans. Best progenies showed different performance rates in each environment and they were not always the same in the different environments and joint analysis of lodging (L), plant height at maturity (PHM) and agronomic value (AV) was essential to avoid selection of plants with good performance for one trait and bad for another.) Piracicaba autumn environment (PA) caused low individual plant yield performance (IPY), and consequently, cultivation was not economically viable in this period. Best progenies presented appropriate trait averages for inclusion in the category of vegetable soybean in all evaluated environments.

scholarly journals Associations between morphological and agronomic characteristics in garlic crop

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Valter C de Andrade Júnior ◽  
Amanda G Guimarães ◽  
Tiago D Firme ◽  
Aline Aparecida A Costa ◽  
Márcia Regina da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genotypic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Bulb Yield

ABSTRACT Correlations and path analysis between characteristics can aid the selection of important attributes in breeding programs. Thus, the objective of this work was to perform genotypic, phenotypic correlations and path analysis under commercial yield of garlic bulbs, depending on morphological and agronomic variables. The experiment was carried out in 2017 at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri and Universidade Federal de Lavras, using ten garlic genotypes, eight trials and two commercial cultivars, Caçador and Jonas. We evaluated: plant height; number of leaves, total bulb number; total bulb mass, total bulb yield, marketable bulb yield and number of cloves per bulb. The genotypic and phenotypic correlations were positive and significant between marketable yield of bulbs with bulb mass, total yield and number of cloves per bulb, indicating that selection based on these characteristics will help increase the yield of garlic. However, only the number of cloves per bulb had a direct effect and a relevant indirect effect on the marketable yield of garlic.

Large Area DPB Free (111) β-SiC Thick Layer Grown on (0001) α-SiC Nominal Surfaces by the CF-PVT Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 483-485 ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Chaussende ◽  
Laurence Latu-Romain ◽  
Laurent Auvray ◽  
M. Ucar ◽  
Michel Pons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Vapour Transport ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Continuous Feed ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
Cross Section Geometry ◽  
Selection Of

Thick (111) oriented β-SiC layers have been grown by hetero-epitaxy on a (0001) a-SiC substrate with the Continuous Feed-Physical Vapour Transport (CF-PVT) method. The growth rate was 68 µm/h at a pressure of 2 torr and a temperature of 1950°C. The nucleation step of the β-SiC layer during the heating up of the process was studied in order to manage first the a to b heteropolytypic transition and second the selection of the b-SiC orientation. With a adapted seeding stage, we grew a 0.4mm thick layer almost free of Double Positioning Boundaries on a 30mm diameter sample. First observations of the layer by cross-polarised optical Microscopy are presented both in planar view and in cross section geometry.

scholarly journals Variability assessment of productivity traits and quality of berries in the genetic collection of garden strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) in the Orenburg region

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
E V Aminova ◽  
R R Salimova ◽  
O E Merezhko
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Productivity Potential

Abstract Nowadays the study of the interrelation of the genotype of strawberry plants in garden and climatic conditions is extremely relevant. Due to the various systems of genetic control and the modifying effects of growing conditions on the manifestation of quantitative traits, there is the need to assess the genotypic variability of economically valuable features, focused on the identification of genotypes characterized by stability and adaptive qualities in growing conditions. The study examined 15 varieties of garden strawberries of domestic and foreign selection. The field experiments and surveys were carried out according to the Program generally accepted in the Russian Federation and methodology for the variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. We studied such features as the number of peduncles (pcs/bush), number of berries (pcs/bush), average weight of berries (g), total and marketable yield (g/bush), sugar content in berries, soluble solids and ascorbic acid. The purpose of this work was to assess the genotype-year interrelation in terms of the variability of productivity features and berry quality and to identify strawberry varieties with a stable genotype. As a result of two-way analysis of variance for the variety-year interrelation, the obtained values were 1.10-8.50 at standard Fst. - 1.24. Statistically important differences had indicators of productivity of a bush between the first and second clusters (t = 5.89 at p <0.01), the first and third (t = 15.83 at p <0.01), the second and third clusters (t = 8.13 at p <0.01), as well as the average berry weight between the first and third, second and third clusters (t = 15.50 and 6.99 at p <0.01, respectively). Significant differences in the value of the Euclidean distance were revealed for varieties Mishutka (54.5), Daryonka (54.5), Pervoklassnitsa (58) realizing their productivity potential in different years of cultivation.

scholarly journals Rapid in vitro selection of salt-tolerant genotypes of the potentially medicinal plant Centaurium maritimum (L.) fritsch

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Misic ◽  
B. Siler ◽  
Biljana Filipovic ◽  
Zorica Popovic ◽  
Suzana Zivkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Selection Of

We investigated differences of salinity tolerance between 'salt-tolerant' (ST) and 'salt-sensitive' (SS) genotypes of yellow centaury [Centaurium maritimum (L.) Fritsch] selected during the germination phase. The ability of in vitro cultured C. maritimum to complete the whole ontogenetic cycle in less than 6 months enabled us to deterine salinity tolerance during different growth phases. Based on the physiological attributes measured in this study (growth, morphogenesis, photosynthesis, flowering, seed germination), it can be concluded that C. maritimum genotypes differing in salinity tolerance showed a variable response to elevated salt concentrations during both the vegetative and the generative growth phase.

scholarly journals Development of Liquid Enhancer for Germination of Drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica Seed cv. MR284

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Mahadi ◽  
F. Zawawi ◽  
R. Nulit ◽  
M. H. Ibrahim ◽  
N. I. Ab. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: This study was conducted to develop liquid enhancer containing KCl, TU, GA, and SA for germination of drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica cv. MR284 seed. Study Design: All experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Two steps were involved in the development process which are to select an ideal concentration for each KCl, TU, GA, and SA, and to find an ideal combination of chemicals from the selection of ideal concentrations acquired in step 1 to form liquid enhancer. There were 20 treatments for step 1 and 9 treatments for step 2. All of these treatments with 6 replicates. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, between June 2018 and December 2018. Methodology: The sterilized rice seed cv. MR284 was stressed in the -1.2 Mpa PEG 6000 solution for three days and germinated in the KCl, TU, GA, and SA solution in a series of concentration for 10 days, in a controlled room. Seed germination was observed daily. Results: In the first step, drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the 30 mM of KCl, 2.0 mM of TU, 0.24 mM GA, and 0.5 mM SA. Meanwhile, in the second step, the drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the combination of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.24 mM GA + 0.5 mM SA. The best germination performance was evaluated by the highest germination percentage (%), germination index, seed vigor, leaf length, root length and biomass. Conclusion: Therefore, the combination treatments of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.5 mM SA was found to be the most effective and simplest liquid enhancer formula that has an ability to enhance seed germination of drought-stressed rice cv. MR284 seed.

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