scholarly journals Theological and Philosophical Views of Muslim Theologians of the Volga Region to the Heterodox Environment in the 18th – Early 20th Centurу

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
R. A. Fatkhullin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Religious Intolerance ◽  
Russian Model

The relevance of the study is due to the study of the Russian model of interfaith relations, the evolution of which occurred as a result of the socio-cultural development of Russian society in the 18th – early 20th centuries. The article shows a range of theological and philosophical views of Muslim theologians to the heterodox environment, which is reflected not only in legal issues but also in the issues of confessional exclusivity. At the same time, the position of the majority of Muslim theologians should be primarily considered not as a manifestation of religious intolerance but as an attempt to consider these relations in a scientific focus.

The Mechanism Of Implementation Of The Constitution Of The Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-51
Author(s):  
Anatolii Yugov ◽  
Sergey Belykh
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Legal Document ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Rational Mechanism

The Constitution, as the main universal and comprehensive legal document, establishes fundamental principles and defines the legal basis for development of public and state life in all politically significant spheres, serves as a guarantor of legitimacy and order, gives a boost to the development of society. The special political and legal nature of the constitution, the issues of its operation and the mechanism of its implementation are of great importance. In accordance to the authors’ approach, the mechanism of implementation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation includes the following components: 1) entry of the constitution into legal force; 2) its functions; 3) constitutional algorithm of unity and differentiation of public authority; 4) forms of implementation; 5) ways of implementation; 6) subjects of implementation; 7) objects of implementation; 8) institutions for modernization; 9) guarantees of implementation. The authors conclude that the modern scientific ideas of a rational mechanism of implementation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation contribute to solving the issues of economic and cultural development of the Russian society, help creating favorable conditions for proper law enforcement, strengthening legitimacy and order.

scholarly journals Extrajudicial Forms of Protecting Rights and Freedoms of a Person in the Field of Criminal Law Relations: Conceptual Aspects and Improvement of State Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
Alexander Smirnov ◽  
Andrey Santashov
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Legal Forms

The article describes the conceptual basis for a new special research theory — extrajudicial forms of protecting rights and freedoms of a person in the field of criminal law relations. The authors introduce the concept of these forms and their system consisting of legal and non-legal forms of such protection. It is concluded that the reaction of the state to the implementation of legal extrajudicial forms of protecting rights and freedoms of a person in the field of criminal law relations should be improved with the purpose of ensuring greater justice when making decisions on criminal prosecution for the self-defense of the legal status of a person in the analyzed sphere of relations. The authors offer a number of suggestions on changes and amendments to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation that would improve the effectiveness of this reaction. On the other hand, non-legal forms of self-defense in the field of criminal law relations should be prevented. The authors present a list of factors determining the existence of these forms in the Russian society, some of which, due to certain circumstances both in the past and present period of the deve­lopment of Russian state and society, have an «excusable» character. These factors include both global (the spread of various discrimination practices, ideas of extremism and religious radicalism; the escalation of violence) and national factors (historical predetermination of state and public development; features of cultural development of the Russian society; specifics of the implementation of state policy and public administration activities; drawbacks of criminal law regulation of social processes and law enforcement activities; destructive practices of social relations; moral and psychological state of the society; influence of propaganda; defective educational and pedagogical influences, etc.). The authors also present a system of preventive measures aimed at eradicating non-legal forms of the analyzed extrajudicial protection. This system includes measures of developing a state reaction to crimes that would correspond to social expectations, ensuring a greater strictness of criminal law, unavoidability of prosecution, as well as measures of moral rehabilitation of the Russian society, raising the level of its legal conscience and culture. The authors suggest the introduction of a norm that establishes criminal liability for usurping the power of the court connected with the administration of justice.

Academic E. E. Golubinsky in the interior of the era

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Andrey Solovev
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Imperial Academy ◽  
Education And Society ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

E. E. Golubinsky, one of the most prominent natives of the Kostroma land, the largest historian of the Russian Orthodox Church, the first of the professors of the Moscow Theological Academy, elected as an ordinary academician of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Through the prism of the milestones of the historian’s biography, the article examines the general trends in the socio-cultural development of Russia in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries The specific features in the culture of everyday life of the Orthodox clergy are analyzed, the problem field of church educational institutions is structured, the portrait characteristic of the theological and academic corporation is personalized, its role in the historical and cultural development of Russian society is revealed. The amazing fate of E. E. Golubinsky, his intellectual honesty, commitment to the religious, moral and institutional reorganization of the historical church are updated in the context of contemporary problems of Russian education and society as a whole. The problematic connotations in the development of theological and academic corporations are revealed — the lack of a single intellectual and spiritual space in their coexistence, a certain disconnectedness of their position in the socio-cultural development of society, the need to deepen their interaction with representatives of secular intelligentsia. The necessary consequence of the synergy of scientific knowledge and spiritual faith is the construction of the Orthodox philosophy of history, which in the context of the crisis that is being experienced today, essential discourse is of practical importance in the inevitability of dialogue and the inevitability of creative transformation of personality in the modern world.

scholarly journals Level and Characteristics of Interfaith Tension of the Bottom Volga Area

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Ivan Suslov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
High Level

The article analyzes the data of a sociological survey conducted in the spring of 2020 of the Bottom Volga area by the research team of the Department of history, political science and sociology of the Saratov state law Academy. Primary sociological information was collected using the Internet survey of respondents using the Google forms service. The sample size was 1,100 people. Representatives of the Astrakhan region (184 respondents), Volgograd region (307) and Saratov region (609) were interviewed. The empirical study allowed us to determine the influence of respondents' religion on the perception of religious threats, as well as problems of interfaith dialogue. The regional specifics of the quality of interfaith relations were revealed, and the levels of religious tension in the Astrakhan, Volgograd and Saratov regions were compared. The survey revealed hidden tensions in the region's interfaith relations (including among the Orthodox majority). Representatives of the Muslim community showed an optimistic attitude in their responses. A potentially dangerous predisposition to politicizing religion has been identified among those groups that are under pressure to identify with their faith. The study revealed: there is a high level of concern about issues of faith among representatives of the Muslim community; a positive attitude towards increasing the role of religion in socio-political life, increasing the level of secularization of society. Atheists of the Lower Volga region showed open dissatisfaction with the state of religious relations in the region. Atheists of the Lower Volga region showed open dissatisfaction with the state of religious relations in the region. This group appears as an object of the religious security system, which under pressure is transformed into a subject protesting against secularization processes. The author concludes that the main strategy should be to study and solve the internal problems of religious minorities, and a complementary strategy can be to counteract external (foreign) religious threats.

scholarly journals On the prospects of transitioning from the corruption “track” of historical path of the Russian society

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
Dmitry Vadimovich Bakharev
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Russian State ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Russian Model

The subject of this research is the historical prerequisites of formation of the modern Russian model of state administration with its enormous corruption component. Analysis is conducted on the sociopolitical processes that took place in Russia, since the origin of conception of its statehood (formation of the Grand Duchy of Vladimir) until the events of past decade. A wide variety of literature of the Russian and foreign authors dedicated to the historical and institutional aspects of formation of national and foreign statehood became the source base for this research. An attempt is made to determine the fundamental factors of the emergence and wide spread of various manifestations of corruption at all stages of existence of the Russian state. A conclusion is made that drastic reconstruction of the historically established in Russia model of relationship between the government and society, and thus, decline in the scale of corruption, are possible only under the condition of formation of a large social coalition that supports: 1) the expansion of pluralistic basis in creation and development of the mode of operation of political institutions; 2) further public control over their activity. The reference point of such processes can become only a historical situation, which marks an informed need of broad social circles to be able to fully exercise political rights, and simultaneous response to such request from the acting political elite.

scholarly journals Image of the Samara Volga region in the second half of the XIX – early XX century (based on the guidebooks and travel notes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Ya. M. Tsyganova
Keyword(s):  
Volga Region ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
The Past ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Face ◽  
Mental Map ◽  
The City

The article examines the problem of the image of Samara and the Samara region in the second half of the XIX early XX century, the face of Samara of that era, the brands of the city and the province. The author shows aspects of the sides of the image of the Samara Volga region, which were reflected and broadcast to the Russian reading public on the pages of guidebooks and essays of those times, but have not yet been covered by historians and local historians. Disclosure of these issues will allow us to judge what images of the past of the Samara Volga region existed in the Russian public consciousness of the post-reform period, what new brands of the region appeared by the beginning of the XX century. In the course of the study, the author revealed that, firstly, the images of the past region are associated mainly with the Volga freemen and the names of the famous Cossack atamans; secondly, a significant part of the brands of the Samara Volga region appeared already in the second half of the XIX early XX century: kumis therapy, large grain piers, etc. In this regard, the second suggests that the Samara Volga region in the post-reform era was only gaining its place on the mental map of Russian society.

scholarly journals Ways of Establishing Religious Pluralism in Contemporary Age: An Analytical Study of Abrahamic Religions

Fahm-i-Islam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Religious Intolerance ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Abrahamic Religions ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Human Intellect

Human being is endowed with intellect. The standard and domain of intellectual exposure are different and diverse. Consequently, it gives birth to diversity in opinions and perspective that eventually results in mutual disagreement. A deep assessment of the human life indicates the fact that diversity exist in almost all aspects of human life. The diversity of opinions, perspectives and narratives can be found with reference to culture and civilization, economy, entrepreneurship, modern scientific disciplines, politics and religion. The diversity is an indication of the evolution in human intellect. When the diversity is misunderstood as a negative connotation then it turns into conflict that results into incalculable and disastrous impacts on society. Pluralism plays a pivotal role in the evolution of diverse human society and multicultural civilization and a pluralistic society can tread the phases of socio-cultural development more conveniently and productively. If a society becomes an arena of religious intolerance, hatred and biasness then the fate of society becomes uncertain and bleak. It is need of the day to create awareness and pursue research studies regarding pluralism while keeping in view the golden traditions of Abrahamic religions. The present paper is an attempt to explore the fundamental principles that deal with religious tolerance and pluralism in Abrahamic religions. This paper will help to create awareness about the need and importance of tolerance and pluralism and will suggest recommendations for implementation of those principles both at state and society levels so that the culture of tolerance, pluralism, mutual understanding and human dignity are promoted in wider interest of a unified and peaceful society.

STATE OF THE SPHERE OF INTERFAITH RELATIONS IN OMSK (BASED ON THE RESULTS OF SOCIOLOGICAL MONITORING)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
V.B. Yashin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
City Administration ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Religious Associations

The strengthening of the role of religion in post-Soviet Russian society, the growing dynamism and instability of processes in the religious sphere led to the inclusion of the religious situation in the range of priority areas of modern religious studies. Of particular relevance is the systematic study of the dynamics of the religious situation in large cities, which are characterized by a complex multi-confessional composition of the population and an accelerated pace of social life. These include the West Siberian city. Omsk: from the very beginning of its history (XVIII century), representatives of different faiths – Orthodox, Muslims, Lutherans, Catholics, Jews, etc. - lived together in it. In the post-Soviet period, there was an increase in the heterogeneity of the composi- tion of citizens on religious grounds. As a result, according to official data From the Department of the Ministry of justice of the Russian Federation for the Omsk region, as of January 2020, only 110 registered religious organizations (excluding religious groups) operate in Omsk, representing 23 confessional areas. Under these conditions, both the scientific and practical significance of monitoring the ethnoconfessional situation in Omsk, which is carried out on an institutional basis, is obvious – in particular, it is provided for in the Plan of main measures to ensure interaction with national-cultural and religious associations operating on the territory of Omsk for 2018 – 2020, approved by the decree of the Omsk city Administration of December 29, 2017. No. 1426-p. The article analyzes the main results of a sociological study conducted as part of the monitoring of the ethnoconfessional situation in Omsk in 2020, commissioned by the city Administration by the Center for humanitarian, socio – economic and political research-2 (GEPICenter-2). It is concluded that at present, traditional positive stability and harmony are preserved in the sphere of inter-confessional relations in Omsk. At the same time, attention is drawn to the growing negative attitude in the public opinion of Omsk residents towards new religious movements and non-traditional confessions in Russia.

scholarly journals SOCIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE FORMATION OF NATIONAL SELF-CONSCIENCE: Theoretical and Methodological Analysis

2018 ◽  
pp. 316-327
Author(s):  
Irina G. Napalkova
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
National Consciousness ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Destructive Processes

Introduction. The relevance of the topic is determined by the subject of analysis “national consciousness”, which is a structure that unites the Russian nation as an ethno-national-state entity. The destiny of Russian statehood, ability to withstand global challenges and threats, as well as the internal direction of development of Russian society largely depend on its stability. After all, as practice shows, excessive absolutization of ethnic identity leads to destructive processes up to the collapse of the country. The main goal of the work is to analyze the theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation of national consciousness in a technological context. Materials and methods. To implement the research strategy, structural analysis, system and analytical methods, functional and axiological approaches, etc. were used. Results. Research problems are related to the specifics of social technologies for the formation of national consciousness, which can be applied in Russian reality. As the technologies that form the national consciousness of the Russian civil nation, the article points out state-administrative ones based on the program-target approach and using technologies of directed socialization and the mechanism of “point secularization of consciousness”. In particular, this is the federal target program “Strengthening the Unity of the Russian Nation and the Ethno-Cultural Development of the Peoples of Russia (2014–2020)”, the state program “Patriotic Education of Citizens of the Russian Federation for 2016–2020”, etc. As the “soft technologies”, first of all, communication technologies are considered, such as PR, branding, propaganda. Discussion and Conclusion. The theoretical and methodological research conducted has shown that communication technologies are not paid enough attention, although they are able to effectively influence public opinion and introduce new values, ideals, attitudes into the mass consciousness. At the same time, the effectiveness of the implementation of any technology is largely due to the degree of partnership between the state and civil society. The formation of the Russian civil nation can not be only politically initiated and governed and directed by the state – it is primarily a natural historical process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document