scholarly journals DIPLOMASI PUBLIK SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN PENGGALANG DUKUNGAN INTERNASIONAL BAGI PALESTINA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Giasinta Livia
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Research Question ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Citizen Diplomacy ◽  
Digital Diplomacy ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
International Phenomenon

The preference of states to use public diplomacy strategy to support the realization of their national interests has become an international phenomenon nowadays. Public diplomacy in the modern era of International Relations turns out to be an instrument for states to exercise their soft power, as well as to convey specific messages intended for the international public. Thus, public diplomacy could be an alternative way for states that had serious barriers in practicing formal diplomacy in conventional ways. Palestine, as an entity whose legal status remains debatable, also utilizes public diplomacy as its strategy to gain support and recognition from the international community. This paper would aim to answer the research question on how Palestine exercises its public diplomacy, particularly digital diplomacy and citizen diplomacy, to gain international recognition for its statehood. By means of the use of social media and the exposure on Palestine’s internationally well-known figure, Palestine is building a perception that Palestine itself is a state with no difference with the other states — therefore deserves independence and total sovereignty over its territory.

Maximising Soft Power: the Role of Digital Diplomacy in Building Trust with Nation-Branding

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jess Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Nation Branding ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Digital Diplomacy

Perceptions of attractiveness and trustworthiness impact the prosperity and influence of countries. A country's soft power is not guaranteed. Countries have their brands, an image shaped by the behaviour of governments, by what they do and say, whom they associate with, and how they conduct themselves on the global stage. Increasingly, digital diplomacy plays a crucial role in the creation and application of soft power. This paper argues that digital diplomacy is increasingly vital in the articulation of soft power. Digital diplomacy is a new way of conducting public diplomacy, offering new and unparalleled ways of building trust with previously disengaged audiences. Soft power is now the driving force behind reputation and influence on the global stage, where increasingly digital diplomacy plays an essential role.

scholarly journals Public Diplomacy of Ukraine in Kuwait: Thinking out of the Box

2020 ◽  
pp. 258-276
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Balanutsa ◽  
Olha Seheda
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The State Of Kuwait ◽  
Public Organisations ◽  
Digital Diplomacy

Abstract. The paper considers Ukrainian public diplomacy events carried out by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine in cooperation with Ukrainian embassies overseas to strengthen the positive image of Ukraine in the international arena. The research has revealed that the modern concept of Ukrainian public diplomacy, which has replaced the outdated principle of cultural and humanitarian cooperation, is in need of new methods and ways of its implementation. In particular, what is implied here is harnessing the potential of digital diplomacy and crafting comprehensive multilateral projects involving both public and private actors. Such an approach will obviously require enhanced coordination among state bodies, public organisations and foundations as well as embracing modern digital technologies in the diplomatic agenda. Given the unprecedented nature of such initiatives in Ukraine’s diplomatic service, one of the main aspects of this research was to model the perspectives of holding large-scale image events, especially in the field of digital diplomacy, by Ukrainian diplomatic missions abroad. Considering the multifaceted concept of public diplomacy, it is stated that none of the existing algorithms can ensure the success of practices in the realm of public diplomacy. On the other hand, numerous indices, such as The Soft Power 30, Global Go To Think Tank Index, and Future Brand Country Index 2019, evaluate country profiles in the field of public diplomacy by using mathematical methods. Based on the Week of Ukraine in Kuwait 2020 and online projects initiated by the Embassy of Ukraine in the State of Kuwait, the article analyses the effectiveness of alternative approaches to the implementation of Ukrainian public diplomacy in Kuwait. Keywords: public diplomacy, image-making projects, digital diplomacy, international image.

scholarly journals Digitalization of U. S. Public Diplomacy

2020 ◽  
pp. 432-443
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Tsvetkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
Russian Foreign Policy ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Digital Diplomacy

The methods of qualitative and quantitate analysis are applied in the research in order to discuss new shifts in U. S. public diplomacy. The author concludes that the digital diplomacy, bots, and artificial intellect constitute a new imperative for the U. S. public diplomacy. In addition, the author confirms her previous findings that such notions as “soft power” and “public diplomacy” have been substituted by the “strategic communication” in official documents that implies the priority in the development of propaganda and information campaigns in both traditional and digital public diplomacy. The findings can contribute to the Russian foreign policy.

EU diplomacy 2.0: The European Union’s exercise in soft power in the Philippines through Facebook

2020 ◽  
pp. 280-299
Author(s):  
Manuel Enverga
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
European Union ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Social Networking Website ◽  
Digital Diplomacy

Digital diplomacy, also referred to as e-Diplomacy or Diplomacy 2.0, is a form of public diplomacy that entails the pursuance of foreign policy objectives using the Internet and social media. It is one of the ways that actors in contemporary global politics can exert soft power, thereby shaping a host country’s perceptions, agendas, and policies. The increasing use of digital diplomacy exemplifies a shift in diplomatic from purely government-to-government (G2G) relations, to one in which communication is directed towards publics (G2P), and can even encourage citizens to interact with one another (P2P). One actor that has become increasingly active in this area is the European Union (EU). However, unlike a country, the regional bloc is a coalition of twenty-eight member states. Consequently, the challenge for EU digital diplomacy specialists is to represent a group of countries to local audiences. There is minimal literature on this subject, and this paper hopes to contribute to it by presenting a case study of the EU’s digital diplomacy initiatives towards Philippines, which are communicated through the popular social networking website, Facebook. This paper argues that the EU exercises its soft power through its social media transmissions it creates. The individuals featured in its online content, the way that the European Union represents itself, and the issues it highlights in its posts are all geared towards shaping the perceptions of Philippine audiences.

scholarly journals Regional Challenges and Competition in the Application of Public Diplomacy in East Asian Countries Year 2008

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Callula Salsabillah
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
National Interests ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Interesting Discussion

In today's world of international politics, the value for world countries in follow-up with other countries using a ceasefire or military use in a state of persistence has long been abandoned. A new approach in the form of Diplomacy that belongs to the concept of soft power is a more effective and efficient approach if used by various countries, especially to achieve national interests and foreign policy objectives. Various types of Diplomacy are often used but the approach of Public Diplomacy is the priority of various countries, especially in East Asia to exert influence globally and gain the interests of their countries. But in its application, especially in regions that use Public Diplomacy massively, this method can encounter failures or challenges in order to achieve its main objectives. Competition in the use of Public Diplomacy between countries in East Asia becomes an interesting discussion because in the 21st century, 3 pillar countries of East Asia are promoting diplomacy to the world.

scholarly journals The use of soft power in digital public diplomacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-140
Author(s):  
Lidija Kos-Stanišić ◽  
Viktorija Car
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Main Menu ◽  
Power Resource ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Digital Diplomacy ◽  
The Eu

The focus of this comparative study is on the use of soft power in the digital‎ public diplomacy of two Global South players, Brazil and India, in EU member‎ states. The main objective of this research is to find out how their embassies‎ use digital diplomacy in communication through their official websites‎ and to identify which soft power resources they dominantly use. Quantitative‎ content analysis and thematic analysis were used to analyze the categories and‎ subcategories on the main menu and special banners on each embassy’s home‎ page, and the associated content. Unlike the Indian embassies, which fully‎ embraced digital diplomacy 2.0, the Brazilian embassies do not utilize the full‎ potential of digital diplomacy and primarily remain reliant on websites only.‎ According to this research, the Brazilian embassies in the EU use film as a‎ dominant soft power resource in their digital diplomacy, while the Indian embassies‎ use yoga as a powerful diplomatic tool. Still, both approaches are not‎ enough to attract European publics. There remains a lot of space for improvement‎ and better usage of soft power resources and digital public diplomacy‎ potentials in communicating the powers of Brazil and India in EU countries.‎

scholarly journals Digital Diplomacy in the Context of Modern Information Communications

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-258
Author(s):  
Yuliia Chepeliuk
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
New Methods ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Digital Diplomacy

The purpose of the article is to find out the essence of digital diplomacy as a component of public diplomacy. The research methodology is based on the application of an interdisciplinary approach, which made it possible to clarify the specifics of the discourse of digital diplomacy. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the attempt to comprehensively analyze the discourse of digital diplomacy as a component of public diplomacy in the subject area of information affairs. Conclusions. It is noted that due to the development of new methods of analyzing the behaviour of social network users, digital diplomacy has become an effective tool not only in political information campaigns but also in cultural policy. For this purpose, services and special web-applications SocioViz, NVivo, Google Trends, etc. are used. Today, the effectiveness of the message in digital diplomacy is achieved by maximizing the range of readers and viewers. It is concluded that digital diplomacy has the capacity to implement a policy of ‘soft power’, to develop concerted action to overcome society and political and socio-cultural crises, as well as to develop measures to prevent them. It is emphasized that the processing of big data and the use of artificial intelligence for the purposes of digital diplomacy is a requirement of the time (so-called data diplomacy).

scholarly journals Achieving Soft Power Goals Through Education Diplomacy by Southeast Asian Nations

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Naureen Nazar Soomro ◽  
Sohni Siddiqui ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza Khoso
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Education ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Globalization has brought huge changes in every section of life, including education. The international relations have been impacted on by globalization as well. The students, scholars and researchers, these days, are regarded as actors in diplomacy. Education diplomacy is considered as an important tool in the conduct of international relations worldwide. The public diplomacy through provision of education opportunities, known as soft power tool, has emerged as a new trend by which countries extend their national interests and attempt to shape the preferences of others and affecting their behaviour in one’s favour. International Education has proved to be a major contributor to soft power goals and has emerged as an important part of public diplomacy that has created many advantages. The countries anticipate, by means of education diplomacy, the promotion of nation’s policy priorities and interests and subsequently, to contribute to country’s economic development and investment. The present study aims to explore the soft power goals of the Southeast Asian Countries. It further explores the goals that are achieved by the countries through implementation of public diplomacy in education.

scholarly journals Determinants of strategic communication significant for national defense and security

2019 ◽  
pp. 179-194
Author(s):  
Miroslav Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Strategic Communication ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Aggressive Action

Strategic communication is one of the expressions of state power and represents an instrument in the political and security achievement of national interests. In the context of contemporary conflicts, it is an expression of a hybrid action in the fields of information, media, internet, and the entire spectrum of public diplomatic performances. It can have an offensive or defensive character. The main goal is to influence the public opinion and further move the focus in relation to the public towards cultural values and eventual adjustment of the political system through the ?reprogramming? of the political culture in accordance with the given objectives. Strategic communication is a planned and comprehensive activity of the organizational entity, which aims at achieving a successful and efficient interaction with the environment. Some of the elementary forms of strategic communication that support the highest national goals, even in the case of defense and security issues, are propaganda, public diplomacy, and interest communications (advocacy, lobbying, etc.). In this paper, using the analysis of the content and synthesis, a projection of strategic communication in the scope of propaganda, public diplomacy, and lobbying as determinants of strategic communication is presented. A framework for strategic propaganda planning, a strategic approach to public diplomacy, and a lobbying strategy have been developed, with a basic proposal for the modelling of every listed component of strategic communication. The paper contributes to the thesis that strategic communication aims at supporting the organization?s mission. In the field of defense and security, strategic communication has one of the vital roles in supporting the achievement of the mission of strengthening the overall identity, the international position of internal cohesion and the unity of the nation, as well as the general readiness to respond to the contemporary security challenges. Strategic communication represents a wide area of communication disciplines that combine different co-information areas, disciplines, and skills in a hybrid and inventive way. Strategically guided propaganda, public diplomacy, and lobbying are certainly areas of importance for the comprehensive construction of the ?soft? power, but also in support of the construction of the ?hard? power. The conclusion is that the planning and implementation of the strategic communication, through strategic determinants, such are propaganda, public diplomacy, and lobbying, must be meticulously studied and planned, according to scientific and practice-tested postulates. In this way, it is possible that strategic communication really strongly and significantly supports the achievement of the organization?s mission, which in the case of the state relates to its international position, resistance to contemporary, hybrid challenges of risk and threats, and readiness for the defensive, and, if necessary, offensive activity. This approach seeks to raise general defense capacities, thus turning the state into an unwanted opponent, and achieving the effect of preventing and deterring possible aggressive action.

scholarly journals Global Interreligious Dialogue: Diplomasi Kultural Dalam Kebijakan Dialog Agama Bilateral Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Tyas Pramudita Indraning
Keyword(s):  
Soft Power ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Military Power ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Study Analyse ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
Religious Dialogue

This study analyse Indonesia's cultural diplomacy through inter-state religious dialogue. Specifically, this study aims to find out the background of Indonesian cultural diplomacy, bilateral dialogue between religions and cultures and Indonesian bilateral diplomacy. Diplomacy is a way, with certain manners, that is used by a country to achieve the country's national interests in relations with other countries or with the international community. In the context of the former effectiveness of diplomacy, it requires political or economic support or a real economic, political, and military power, but now we know what is called cultural diplomacy, which in fact economic, political and military forces in certain cases is "counter productive". Bilateral dialogue is a conversation between two countries or more in an international discussion forum to improve cooperative relations in the economic, social, political, cultural and religious fields in the framework of creating a harmonious and peaceful religious life in the world including overcoming various global issues indicated threatening world security. Cultural diplomacy is part of public diplomacy (soft power diplomacy) with economic and cultural cooperation. Soft Power is the ability to get what you want by inviting and attracting the sympathy of others.

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