scholarly journals Physical Education Curriculum is Effective in Development of Motor Abilities in 9th grade School Children?

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Fidanka Vasileva ◽  
◽  
Angjel Vasilev ◽  
Raquel Font Llado ◽  
Georgi Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
School Children ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Grade School ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Significant Difference

Physical education plays an important role in developing motor abilities, skills and competence in children. Main objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical education curriculum by assessing in 9 th grade school- children: (1) abdominal muscle strength; (2) lower back muscle strength; (3) upper limbs muscle strength; (4) lower limbs muscle strength; (5) explosive leg power; and (6) flexibility of the lower back and hamstring muscles, at the beginning, and at the end of the school term. Basic mathematical and appropriate statistical methods were used in order to calculate descriptive statistical parameters, Skewness and Kurtosis values, as well as Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, were used in order to examine whether data have a normal distribution, and a Student’s t-test was applied in order to test if there is a statistically significant difference in children’s motor abilities between the beginning and the end of the school term. For this purpose, we used Microsoft Office Excel 2010. At the end of the second school term, children in 9 th grade have shown better results in all assessed variables, meaning they have increased motor ability levels after 4 months of applying specific exercises within the thematic plan of the physical education curriculum, which leads to the conclusion that physical education curriculum allows us to introduce effective tasks in increasing strength, explosive power and flexibility in 9 th grade school children.

Organization of Physical Activities as a Precondition of Quality Development of Motor Abilities of Pre-School and School Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-322
Author(s):  
Živorad Marković ◽  
Emina Kopas-Vukašinović
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
School Children ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Children Development

AbstractIn their work authors consider the significance of the organization of physical activities for the development of abilities of pre-school and school children. Led by theoretical basis that physical development of children represents the basis of their whole development, and that “fine motor skills” are determined by the development of its large motorics, the authors point to the significance of the content and structure of physical education programme in preschool institutions and younger age school classes. It is evident that the effects of cultivating of children development during preschool period can be seen in younger primary school classes. The goal of this research was to determine if and how much the different organization of preparatory part of physical education lesson for younger school children, determines the differences in the development of their motor abilities. By the use of experimental method, the effects of prolonged preparatory part of a lesson in younger school classes. This part was realized through complex of exercises which were supposed to have influence on transformation of motor abilities in relation to the structure with standard duration of certain parts of a lesson. It is determined that certain increase in body movement of students during physical activity can significantly contribute to better development of motor abilities. These abilities determine correct physical development and strengthening of health, which determines general aim of physical education.

scholarly journals Physical Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk in Seven to Nine Year Old Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Weisstaub ◽  
Maria Angelica Gonzalez ◽  
Antonio Garcia Hermoso ◽  
Gabriela Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Obesity and lower physical fitness levels in children are related to the development of cardiometabolic risk. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship of cardio-metabolic risk and physical fitness in school children from Santiago de Chile. Methods Physical fitness was assessed as cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength. Fitness was measured using the six-minute-walk-test and muscle strength was assessed by hand grip and standing lung jump. Overweight (≥ 1 SD) and obesity (≥ 2 SD) were determined by body mass index. A cross sectional study was done in 452 children (185 boys and 267 girls), age range (7–9 years). Cardio-metabolic-risk (serum glucose, triglycerides, HDL, insulin) and waist for height ratio was expressed as z score. Data was analyzed using bivariate analysis and multiple and logistic regression. Results A 21% were obese and 27% overweight. Children with high body fat and low cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength had an OR of 6.8-fold (IC 95% 3.4 to 13.9) cardiometabolic risk z-score, compared to those most fit. Conclusion School children with higher body fat and lower physical fitness had increased cardio-metabolic-risk-score. No significant difference in cardio-metabolic risk in the non-obese children was found independent of their physical fitness.

scholarly journals Physical Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk in Seven to Nine Years Old Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Weisstaub ◽  
Maria Angelica Gonzalez ◽  
Antonio Garcia Hermoso ◽  
Gabriela Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Obesity and lower physical fitness levels in children are related to the development of cardiometabolic risk. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship of cardio-metabolic risk and physical fitness in school children from Santiago de Chile.Methods: Physical fitness was assessed as cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength. Fitness was measured using the six-minute-walk-test and muscle strength was assessed by hand grip and standing lung jump. Overweight (≥ 1 SD) and obesity (≥ 2 SD) were determined by body mass index. A cross sectional study was done in 452 children (185 boys and 267 girls), age range (7-9 years). Cardio-metabolic-risk (serum glucose, triglycerides, HDL, insulin) and waist for height ratio was expressed as z score. Data was analyzed using bivariate analysis and multiple and logistic regression.Results: A 21% were obese and 27% overweight. Children with high body fat and low cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength had an OR of 6.8-fold (IC 95% 3.4 to 13.9) cardiometabolic risk z-score, compared to those most fit.Conclusion: School children with higher body fat and lower physical fitness had increased cardio-metabolic-risk-score. No significant difference in cardio-metabolic risk in the non-obese children was found independent of their physical fitness.

scholarly journals Motor skills of primary school children: The differences compared to age

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Slobodan Pavlović ◽  
Dragan Marinković ◽  
Nebojša Mitrović
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
School Children ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
General Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hand Tapping ◽  
The Individual

Physical education, from the earliest age in preschool institutions, and then through primary and secondary schools, is the only place where children can, in the right way, acquire the knowledge on sports, skills, behaviour, necessary in order to get the continuity of physical activities in the adulthood. Primary school is a period when the students experience great changes in the overall developing status. Therefore, Physical Education has a fundamental role in the development of psychosomatic characteristics of children. While planning lessons of Physical Education, there is a special emphasis on the development of motor skills. The goal of this research refers to the establishing of the existing differences in the motor space of primary school children in relation to age. The sample consisted of 231 examinees who attended 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th grade (age 11 ± 1.6 years), out of which there were (N = 109; TV = 147.6 ± 7; TM = 39.6 ± 7.1) boys, and (N = 122; TV = 148.3 ± 5.9; TM = 40 ± 5.3) girls. All examinees were the students from the territory of Zlatibor region and with the signed permission for performing testing by both parents. Motor skills have been estimated within school Physical Education, all with the purpose of getting more realistic picture on the motor skills of children. The presented results point to the existing differences between the groups of examinees of both genders on a general level, as well as the individual differences within the motor space. These differences are more noticeable with boys (F = 5.92; P = .00) than with girls (F = 4.79; P = .00). Statistically greater differences with boys have been noted in the following variables: "Hand tapping", "Hand clapping", "Throwing basketball ball", "the 30 m running flying start", "Pull-ups", and "Torso lift-ups". With girls, statistically significant difference have been notes in the following variables: "Throwing basketball ball", "the 30 m running flying start" and "Torso lift-ups". The value of this work is reflected in the fact that, during testing, a great number of tests were used for estimation of the examinees' motor space, all with the purpose of getting more complete picture on the existence of differences among the groups, categorised by gender and age. The importance of testing and perception of differences in motor skills and their monitoring presents one of the important activities during PE classes, all with the purpose of the adequate lesson programming, but also monitoring the motor development.

scholarly journals Pilot study on a new intervention programme for geriatric hip fracture patient with sarcopenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Mei Yan Cheung ◽  
Lok Chun Man ◽  
Wing Hang Angela Ho
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Functional Scores

Introduction: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis increase the risk of fall, resulting in fragility fracture. Intervention programme on sarcopenic hip fracture was set up in our centre. Method: All patients aged ≥65 admitted to Caritas Medical Centre with operatively treated hip fracture and diagnosed with sarcopenia were included. Interventions include inpatient nursing education, dietary advice, therapist assessment and structured 12-week Geriatric Day Hospital (GDH) exercise programme. Those who are not eligible for GDH training were classified as control group. Changes in relative skeletal muscle mass index (RASM), muscle strength and functional scores were measured. Results: There were 11 intervention and 13 control patients. Both groups of patients were noted to have improvement in RASM, knee extension power of lower limbs and functional scores. Between-group analysis showed there was more improvement in injured limb extension power in the intervention group, although it is statistically insignificant (control group: 3.585 kg, intervention group: 5.827 kg, p = 0.147). There was no statistically significant difference in the 3-month change in RASM (control group: 0.581 kg/m2, intervention group: 0.347 kg/m2, p = 0.369) and functional scores. Conclusion: These sarcopenic hip fracture patients may be too frail to benefit from traditional exercise treatment for sarcopenia. However, more improvement in muscle strength was observed in the intervention group although not statistically significant. Intervention programme with exercise prescription in sarcopenic hip fracture patients may have the potential to improve the lower limb muscle strength. A more intensive and longer exercise training programme with incorporation into day rehabilitation model may be needed for these frail hip fracture patients.

scholarly journals The Jump Rope for Heart Project: An Education Programme for Hong Kong School Children

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Amy S. HA ◽  
Stephen H. WONG ◽  
Daniel W. CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
School Children ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Physical Educators ◽  
Education Curriculum

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.The primary objectives of this project are twofold: First, to enrich the learning experiences of the Hong Kong school children in health and physical education through a comprehensive rope-jumping programme. Second, to promote and maintain cardiovascular health among the Hong Kong school children through the active participation in rope-jumping activities. The target population for this project will be student of ten primary schools (P.4-P.6) and ten junior secondary schools (S.1 - S.3) in the territories. About 2,500 male and female students aged 9-14 will be included. The project will be implemented between September 1999 and March 2001. Under this project, an educational package including video series and handbooks on nutrition, exercise, and fitness will be developed in assisting school physical educators to promote a healthy lifestyle to their students. By inserting this proposed project into the present physical education curriculum, physical educators will find necessary philosophy, strategies, and pedagogical models to incorporate health and fitness education into a well-balanced school physical education curriculum. All in all, it is most important to develop a comprehensive and quality physical education programme which integrates appropriate physical activities, concepts, and value leading to healthy lives throughout a child's experiences in the home, school and community.本計劃主要目的為：一. 透過一項綜合性的跳繩活動計劃來增加香港學童在體育敎育方面的學習經驗。二. 通過參與跳繩活動向香港學童推廣保持心肺健康的信息。是項計劃對象為二千五百名年齡介乎九至十四歲之中(中一至中三)，小(小四至小六)學男女學童。計劃於一九九九年九月至二零零一年三月期間進行。為協助學校體育敎師向學生推廣健康生活的意識，此計劃特別設計了一套完備的敎材：包括營養、運動和體適能敎學手冊及錄影帶。

scholarly journals Selected Coordination Motor Abilities of Students of the University of Physical Education During Survival Training

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Tomczak ◽  
Paweł Różański ◽  
Ewa Jówko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Maximal Force ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forearm Muscle

Abstract Introduction. Taking up emergency actions when fighting various types of natural disasters requires appropriate psychophysical preparation. Thanks to the development of technique, coordination motor abilities have gained greater importance than physical strength and endurance in such activities. The purpose of the present work was to assess the impact of 36 hours of survival activities and sleep deprivation on selected coordination motor abilities in students of the University of Physical Education. Material and methods. The study involved 12 male students of the University of Physical Education in Warsaw, specialising in “Physical Education in Uniformed Services”. The age of the participants was 21.0 ± 0.74 years, their body height was 179.5 ± 5.6 cm, and their body mass was 74.6 ± 8.0 kg. The assessment was performed based on the following coordination motor ability tests: a test measuring the differentiation of the use of forearm muscle strength, a running motor adjustment test, and a measurement of divided attention. A test involving shooting from a pneumatic gun and a measurement of the maximal force of the forearm were also carried out. Tests and trials were conducted before training (P1), after 24 hours of training (P2), after completing the training - that is after 36 hours of training (P3), and after 12 hours of rest (P4). During the training, the participants completed 12 km on foot, paddled for approximately 6 hours, rowed kayaks for about 4 hours, and performed survival tasks. Results. The analysis of the results of the study of maximal force and the ability to differentiate forearm muscle strength showed that the forearm muscle strength remained at the same level during the entire training. The ability to differentiate forearm muscle strength deteriorated after night training. There were no statistically significant differences in the results of the running motor adjustment tests and in shooting performance between individual measurements. Conclusions. Participation in long-term survival training with very low intensity, combined with sleep deprivation, caused a temporary deterioration in the ability to differentiate forearm muscle strength. This may indicate that people involved in rescue operations during which the psychophysical load is small will be able to perform tasks correctly for a long time.

scholarly journals Motor Abilities: Peculiarities of Effects of Volleyball Training on Coordination Preparedness of Girls Aged 15

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Marchenko ◽  
A. I. Dykhanova
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
School Students ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Generalization Of Data

The research purpose is to study the level of coordination abilities development of girls aged 15 and to determine its effects on the quality of performance of the basic volleyball-specific techniques. Materials and methods. To achieve the purpose set, the following methods were used: analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical testing, and methods of mathematical statistics for processing research results. Results. The confirmatory experiment revealed an insufficient level of coordination abilities in the girls aged 15. In the process of comprehensive control of coordination preparedness of the girls aged 15, the study observed statistically significant changes of all indicators in both groups (p < 0.05). The experimental group shows a tendency for greater improvement of results. It is worth noting a significant increase in the performance indicators of typical game exercises suggested by the subject-centered physical education curriculum. Conclusions. The presented results of the comprehensive pedagogical testing of coordination abilities of the girls aged 15 can be further used as a basis for developing experimental programs aimed at optimizing physical education for high school students.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Anthropometric Variables among Four International Cricket Teams Competed in ACC Premier League Malaysia 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Srinivas Mondam ◽  
Rahul Shaik ◽  
Jalaja Prakash ◽  
Jeffrey Low Fook ◽  
Sirisha Nekkanti
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
P Value ◽  
Movement Restriction ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics

<strong>Background and Purpose:</strong> Chronic musculoskeletal injuries are more common in cricket players. Acute problems may be due to trauma or injuries during sporting. The musculoskeletal system includes muscles, joints, bones, cartilage, ligaments, fascia, nerves and other associated soft tissues. Whatever the mode of injury, it causes pain, movement restriction, muscle weakness, and ultimately loss of functions. Anthropometric variables of each player in cricket will also influence the occurrence of problems. The current study focused on identifying the most common site involved in musculoskeletal problems and to explore possible variations in anthropometric characteristics. <strong>Methodology:</strong> This study was conducted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia where Asian Cricket Council Premier League 2014 was conducted. Permission to approach the players was taken from the council members and all the players were assured that the information collected from them will be kept confidential and all were explained about the objective study. Modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was distributed to the players and instructions were given about how to fill the questionnaire. Their anthropometric characteristics, experience and time of training sessions were collected by a blinded assessor. <strong>Results:</strong> Player's height (p = 0.003), weight (p = 0.050), experience (p = 0.001) and practicing hours per week (0.002) were analyzed. There is a statistically significant difference in these characteristics was observed. Occurrence of acute troubles (within 7 days) of upper back and elbow region were found different in four teams with a P value of 0.007 and 0.022 respectively. Persistence of neck, shoulder and lower back troubles in the last one year has a significant difference between the groups with a P value of 0.014, 0.003 and 0.021 respectively. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study can conclude that the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries is more in cricket. Especially shoulder, neck, lower limbs and lower back. The incidence of acute problems is more in elbow and upper back regions. This may be acute injuries but not due to chronic over use. The anthropometric variations between groups participated in ACC premier league, Malaysia 2014 was also significantly differing from each other.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF THE CONDITIONAL PREPARATION EXERCISE MODEL ON FLEXIBILITY OF YOUNG ATHLETES

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Markovic ◽  
Jelena Arnautovic ◽  
Sanja Gligoric
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The aim of the research is to study the effects of model exercises in the fitness and conditioning training of athletes on the motor abilities (flexibility) in young athletes. The sample of respondents referred to a high school student in Krusevac, aged 15 and 16 years, covered by regular physical education classes and the training process in additional physical education classes. The total sample of 112 subjects was divided into two sub-samples: The first sub-sample of 56 subjects included regular physical education classes and training three times a week to realize the model of motor exercises (flexibility) in the physical preparation process in the additional physical education classes constitutes the experimental group.The second sub-sample of 56 subjects, included in regular physical education classes only, constitutes the control group of respondents. A sample of variables consisted of: a deep bow on the bench, a split exercise and a flexibility of shoulder strap with baton. The results of the T-test of motor skills between the initial and final measurements of control group subjects were analyzed. After analysis of the obtained results, it is concluded that there is no statistically significant difference in the tests of motor skills.The univariate analysis of the variance of motor ability tests compared the results of the arithmetic means of the experimental and control groups at the final measurement. Based on the coefficients of the F-ratio and their significance (P-Level), it can be concluded that no statistically significant difference in the level of motor abilities was found between the experimental and control groups.

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