scholarly journals Kilka uwag o narracji biograficznej czeskich strażaków (projekt Społeczeństwo czeskie w okresie tzw. normalizacji i transformacji w świetle oral history)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
Hana V. Bortlová

Through historical analysis and interpretation of memories of Czech/Czechoslovak firefighters who have been professionally active since 1960s until 1990s (and/or beyond), his paper aims to analyze the ways in which his socio-professional group has been behaving during the last 40–50 years. Given that only very little historical research has been done on members of this group, the paper represents a first pioneer attempt. The research is a continuation of previous research projects conducted by Czech oral historians focused on working class members and on changes of their opinions, attitudes and behavior before and after 1989. The author’s ambition is to contribute to the current knowledge of the nature and specifics of the mentioned „normalization” regime (1969–1989) as well as the „transformation-to-democracy” era (1990s) in Czechoslovakia. In the present paper the author outlines the current state of research (20 conducted interviews with 10 firefighters as to the end of 2012), comments on some methodological problems associated with oral-historical research of this group and offers her interpretations of selected topics.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Aryunani Aryunani ◽  
Pipit Festi Wilianarti

Developmental growth disorders in children under five will result in a decrease in the formation of attitudes and behavior of children in the future. These disorders can be prevented by stimulating development. This study used a quasy experimental design. This research was carried out for 4 months in Privately Practising Midwives in Sidotopo village of Semampir sub-district of North Surabaya with a sample of infants aged 6 to 12 months. Data sampling used consecutive sampling collected through observation using the observation sheet. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test to see the difference in gross motor before and after treatment in  the treatment group. In  the treatment group 40% infant experienced an increase of 1-2 segment of motor development and 60% had an increase of 3-4 segments.  


Author(s):  
Daniel J. Kruger ◽  
Jessica S. Kruger

Health-related research is broad, diverse, and fragmented theoretically, methodologically, and across disciplines. The understanding and improvement of human health would be accelerated by establishing a universal and deep framework integrating varied undertakings. This framework is evolutionary theory, the most powerful explanatory system in the life sciences and the only framework that can unify knowledge in otherwise disparate fields of human research. Darwinian medicine has already made considerable progress in the practical understanding of human physiology and other areas informing medical care. Within evolutionary theory, life history theory in particular holds the promise of promoting understanding of variation in behavioral patterns related to health and why they vary consistent with environmental conditions. This chapter describes the current state of research exemplifying an evolutionary approach to health-related psychology and behavior and outlines directions for future research and intervention efforts.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 795-848
Author(s):  
Alina Köchling ◽  
Marius Claus Wehner

AbstractAlgorithmic decision-making is becoming increasingly common as a new source of advice in HR recruitment and HR development. While firms implement algorithmic decision-making to save costs as well as increase efficiency and objectivity, algorithmic decision-making might also lead to the unfair treatment of certain groups of people, implicit discrimination, and perceived unfairness. Current knowledge about the threats of unfairness and (implicit) discrimination by algorithmic decision-making is mostly unexplored in the human resource management context. Our goal is to clarify the current state of research related to HR recruitment and HR development, identify research gaps, and provide crucial future research directions. Based on a systematic review of 36 journal articles from 2014 to 2020, we present some applications of algorithmic decision-making and evaluate the possible pitfalls in these two essential HR functions. In doing this, we inform researchers and practitioners, offer important theoretical and practical implications, and suggest fruitful avenues for future research.


Arabica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 82-97
Author(s):  
Oliver Kahl

Abstract The transmission of Indian scientific and, notably, medical texts to the Arabs during the heyday of the Abbasid caliphate in Baghdad (ca 158/775-205/820) is still largely shrouded in myth; its investigation continues to be hampered not only by serious methodological problems but also by a lack of philological groundwork and a shortage of trained researchers. This article, which in essence is meant to serve as a rough guide into one prospective field of “Indo-Arabic” studies, focuses on a badly neglected though highly promising cluster of texts, namely those that relate to the translation and adaptation of certain Ayurvedic key works from Sanskrit into Arabic. A general assessment of the current state of research, of the factors that condition our knowledge and of the obstacles and limitations posed by the very nature of the subject, is followed by a bio-bibliographical survey of Ayurvedic texts which were subject to transmission; the article is rounded off by six Sanskrit-into-Arabic text samples, with English translations for both.


2009 ◽  
Vol 618-619 ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Buddery ◽  
Matthew S. Dargusch ◽  
David H. StJohn ◽  
John Drennan ◽  
Samih Nabulsi

This paper outlines the current state of research into laser welding of titanium and its alloys for medical applications. The differences that exist between the medical and other industries are described and a direction for advancing research in this field is proposed.


Author(s):  
Zul Fikar Ahmad Et.al

Diarrhoea is a health problem that is often experienced by infants and toddlers and in almost every country. One of the efforts to prevent diarrhoea was through counselling. Due to the pandemic situation, face-to-face counselling was not possible. This study aimed to assess the use of e-learning in increasing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours to prevent diarrhoea. This research was an analytical observational study with the design of The One Group Pre-test Post-test Design. Samples were select used the purposive sampling technique. The sample size in this study was 54 students. The eLearning model used in this research was Google Class. The data were obtained by using google form then analyzed using McNemar Test. The results of the analysis showed that there were differences in knowledge (p-value = 0.000), attitudes (p-value = 0.031), and behaviour (p-value = 0.016) to prevent diarrhea before and after treatment. The utilization of online learning (e-learning) significantly affected increasing knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour in preventing diarrhea. In the future, e-learning can be an alternative to prevent diarrhea during a pandemic.


Al-Ma rifah ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Hendrawanto Ch

The main purpose of this study is to find a clear description of the effectiveness of using the scramble method to improve students’ proficiency in Arabic writing skills. This research is a qualitative study using a class action research method for 4th-semester students of 2016, in the Arabic language Education Study Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, who took Kitābah 1 course. The results of this study indicate that there are changes in the attitudes and behavior of students who study Kitābah 1 with the scramble method before and after applying the method, starting from the pre-research to the first and second cycles. In this second cycle, there is a very significant change compared to before where students are more active in asking questions and discussing with their groups. Because of their activeness, the results obtained were also significant changes. This is proven by the following changes: there are 29 out of 85 students who get “very good” grades, 37 students get “good” grades, and 15 students who have “enough” grades. Meanwhile, only 4 students scored “less”. The lack of value is because the student concerned did not enter the lecture so the value and understanding are lacking in the material that has been submitted.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maede hossennia ◽  
Maryam Amidi Mazaheri ◽  
Zahra Heidari

Abstract Background: this study evaluated the effect of an educational intervention for increasing elementary school teachers’ ADHD knowledge, attitudes, and behavior.Method: Teachers from 12 schools who had at least one students with a definitive diagnosis of ADHD participated in the study and were allocated into either an intervention (n=31) or control group (n=27). Teachers’ ADHD knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior were assessed before and after intervention. Six-session participatory intervention were provided only for the intervention group.Results: Two mounts after the intervention, the intervention group scored significantly higher on all three outcomes (P≤0.001).Conclusion: The educational intervention significantly improved teachers’, knowledge, attitudes as well as their behaviors and strategies to manage children with ADHD. It is recommended that this program will incorporate into in-service training courses for primary school teachers as a means of facilitating teaching and managing children with ADHD in class. Trial registration: The study was approved by the by the Research Deputy of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. In addition, The Ethical Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences approved the study proposal. (ID code: IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1398.297). The required permission from Education Department of Isfahan City was attained. Participation in the study was voluntary. Before taking part in the study, selected teachers provided written consent also study goals were described to them.


2021 ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Susy Olivia Lontoh ◽  
Yemima Graciela

Pharmacies and health professionals, including Pharmacists, assistant Pharmacists, and the cashier is one of the groups most at risk of contracting the virus Covid-19 during the pandemic Covid 19 dispensaries a place that is often accessible to the public because it provides services to the needs of the patient medications. Based on these problems, then do the activities to protect the workplace to reduce the risk of transmission in the workplace and pharmacies keep doing every drug but not be the area of transmission of the virus Covid-19. The purpose of community service is to improve the awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and behavior through training and education protocol-related health in the workplace the right so that can create a healthy work environment. Activities conducted June 17, 18,24 and 25 September 2021 environment dispensary in West Jakarta. The activities of 17-18 September 2021 conduct a preliminary survey to fill out the questionnaire with the google form linked the use of masks in the workplace, the habit of washing hands and clean the work place. The results of the questionnaire of 26 respondents was 15.4% of the respondents do not use the mask for work, the 23.1% of the respondents rarely use mask properly, a 34.6% rarely wash hands before work ,23,1% not important to wash hands before and after work and 23.1 % not important clean work environment with a disinfectant and clean the work place before and after work. PKM September 24, 2021 is the practice of how to wash hands in accordance with the recommendation of the Ministry of health, using the appropriate mask and face shield in the workplace. PKM activity carried out from September 25, 2021 manufacture means the place of hand washing common, put up a plastic barrier and spraying disinfectant in the area pharmacies. The activities of a community service program implemented well, after the implementation of community service activities is then the habit of washing hands before and after work, consumers wash their hands with water in place of washing hands before going into the area of the dispensary, the mask is worn according to the rules can continue to be done so that there is increased awareness of the workers and consumers in the workplace to create a healthy working environment during the pandemic.Apotik dan tenaga kesehatan termasuk Apoteker, asisten Apoteker serta kasir merupakan salah satu kelompok yang paling berisiko tertular virus Covid-19 karena selama pandemi Covid 19 apotik tempat yang sering diakses masyarakat karena memberikan pelayanan untuk kebutuhan obat pasien. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka dilakukan kegiatan untuk melindungi tempat kerja  untuk  menurunkan  risiko penularan di tempat kerja dan apotik tetap melakukan pelayanan obat tetapi tidak menjadi area penularan virus Covid-19. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian adalah meningkatkan  kesadaran, pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku melalui pelatihan serta edukasi  terkait protokol kesehatan ditempat kerja yang tepat sehingga dapat menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang sehat. Kegiatan dilakukan tanggal 17, 18,24 dan 25 September 2021 dilingkungan apotik di Jakarta Barat. Kegiatan tanggal 17-18 September 2021 melakukan survei awal mengisi kuisioner dengan google form terkait penggunaan masker ditempat kerja, kebiasaan mencuci tangan serta membersihkan tempat kerja. Hasil kuisioner dari 26 responden adalah  15,4 % responden  tidak penting menggunakan masker selama bekerja, 23,1% responden jarang menggunakan masker dengan tepat, 34,6% jarang mencuci tangan sebelum bekerja ,23,1% tidak penting mencuci tangan sebelum dan sesudah bekerja dan 23,1 % tidak penting membersihkan lingkungan kerja dengan desinfektan serta membersihkan tempat kerja sebelum dan sesudah bekerja. Kegiatan PKM tanggal 24 September 2021 adalah praktik cara mencuci tangan sesuai anjuran Kemenkes, menggunakan masker yang tepat serta face shield ditempat kerja. Kegiatan PKM yang dilakukan tanggal 25 September 2021 pembuatan sarana tempat cuci tangan umum, memasang plastik pembatas dan penyemprotan desinfektan di area apotik. Kegiatan program pengabdian masyarakat terlaksana dengan baik, setelah terlaksananya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini maka kebiasaan  mencuci tangan sebelum dan setelah bekerja, konsumen mencuci tangan dengan air di tempat cuci tangan  sebelum masuk  ke area apotik, masker dipakai sesuai aturan dapat terus terlaksana sehingga terjadi peningkatan kesadaran pekerja serta konsumen ditempat kerja untuk menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang sehat selama pandemi.


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