COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AGE PERCEPTIONS ABOUT STEREOTYPICAL AND IDEAL GENDER QUALITIES IN MODERN SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
Galaktionov I.V.
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
The Individual

This article examines the problem of gender socialization and identity in modern Russian society, on the basis of an analysis of ideas about the typical and ideal gender characteristics of the personality is compared to three age groups (up to 20 years - generation q, 20-40 years - Generation Y and 40-60 years - generation X) and concludes on the main trends in the development of gender characteristics of the individual in groups of different gender and age. The study obtained new empirical data on age and sexual differences in perceptions of typical and ideal qualities of gender, in particular, found that the age of women significantly influences their ideas about the male and female gender ideal, the age of men significantly influences their perception of the male gender ideal, members of different generations of the south significantly differ in ideas about the female gender ideal, the representatives of different generations Y significantly differ in ideas about the female gender ideal , the biological sex in the age group X influences the idea of male gender ideal. At the same time, there were no statistically significant differences between gender and age in the perception of typical male and female qualities. The results can be an important material for a differentiated approach to family counselling and assistance in building harmonious inter-sex relationships.

AGE AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF THE PERSONALITY PROPERTIES OF GENDER IN MODERN SOCIETY

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
Galaktionov I.V.
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gender Patterns ◽  
Group Generation

this article examines the issue of gender socialization and identity in modern Russian society, on the basis of analysis of gender characteristics of the personality is compared changes in the structure of the psychological sex (gender) in three age groups (up to 20 years - generation y, 20-40 years - Generation Y and 40-60 years - Generation X), analyzes the causes and possible consequences of changes in gender patterns in different generations. Specifically, the study found that changes in the composition of gender properties and a shift away about traditional stereotypes of feminity and masculinity in the direction of mixing gender roles and qualities occurred in all generations, but the most significant transformations occurred in young men and women of the younger age group (generation) and in middle-aged women (generation Y). The article also presents new data on structural changes in the composition of nuclear personality properties of gender: all males with a general tendency to mix gender qualities in the structure of "real self", the nuclear component of gender consists mainly of their masculine qualities, which is especially evident in men of the middle age group (Generation Y). In women of all generations, the nuclear composition of gender's personality were inconsistent and contradictory, and the choice of masculine qualities in the first places of the gender hierarchy in middle- and older age groups (generation Y and X) may indicate a trend towards further transformation of traditional feminist gender.

Chronic physical stress differences between genders in a military training on the Amazon jungle

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Y.R. de Souza ◽  
F.B. Feitosa
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Physical Stress ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Before And After

This study aimed to investigate the gender difference in the manifestation of physical stress in a strenuous military training on Amazon jungle, using alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) markers, measured before and after an adaptation to jungle training. The sample consisted of 49 military volunteers, 35 male and 14 female, recently moved to the Amazon region. All plasma levels rose after the training. Serum ALT (male and female) and AST (male and female), although borderline, remained within normal limits. Already plasma levels of CK (both male and female) and LDH (male and female) largely exceeded the normal range. The average of all markers listed in female gender remained below the levels of the male gender. However, significant differences in biomarkers ALT, AST and CK between genders were found. The study points out that, in a jungle environment, biometric markers ALT, AST, CK and LDH are efficient for monitoring chronic physical stress in both genders, when used in combination. The influence of the weather on the occurrence of physical stress in unacclimated people of both genders, and the lower responses in the levels of ALT, AST, LDH and CK in females were discussed basing on the scientific literature.

scholarly journals Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019
Author(s):  
Slavko Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽  
Suzana Cvjeticanin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

Gender

2015 ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Emily Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Gender Performativity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Male Nurse ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Opposite Gender

This chapter evaluates how Pedro Almodóvar's Talk to Her (2002) plays with the idea of gender being a fixed attribute and sees gender instead as something flexible and fluid. Gender roles in Talk to Her are arguably represented as a socially constructed rather than innately determined with characters in careers typically assigned to the opposite gender. Lydia is a female bull fighter in a typically chauvinist industry and Benigno is a male nurse in a very female heavy environment. Almodóvar's blurring of the strict rigid definitions of masculinity and femininity can be viewed as postmodernist. The chapter then considers gender performativity in relation to Almodóvar's body of films. In Talk to Her, Lydia, Marco, and Benigno can be seen to perform both male and female gender characteristics at different times.

scholarly journals Lung cancer in Kazakhstan: age-gender features

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
D. R. KAIDAROVA ◽  
O. V. SHATKOVSKAYA ◽  
Zh. Zh. ZHOLDYBAY ◽  
A. Zh. ZHYLKAIDAROVA ◽  
A. S. PANINA
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Pilot Projects ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Gender Features

Relevance: Over the years, lung cancer (LC) remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in Kazakhstan. In 2018, LC was diagnosed in 3741 people in the RK, and 2377 dies from LC. The purpose of this study was to assess the age-gender characteristics of morbidity and mortality from LC in Kazakhstan based on statistical and literature data. Results: The conducted analysis by gender and age showed a consistent and significant increase in LC mortality in the RK, starting from the age of 40-44 years. The highest incidence and mortality were registered in the age groups of 65-69 years and 70+ years. In general, in all age categories, the incidence and mortality in men exceeded the incidence and mortality in women by 4.5–5.3 times. The highest mortality in men and women of all ages was registered in 2009 (34.3‰ and 6.9‰, respectively), the lowest – in 2019 (20.8‰ in men and 4.6‰ in women). Conclusions: The results of the assessment can be used to improve early diagnosis of LC and in the preparation of national screening programs and regional pilot projects for LC prevention and the identification of risk groups. The use of the results will contribute to increasing the effectiveness of treatment, improving the five-year survival of patients, reducing the level of neglect and mortality from LC.

scholarly journals A Morphometric Study of Lumbar Spine Pedicles in Nepalese Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Rudra Prasad Marasini ◽  
Pratiksha Gautam ◽  
Binod Sherchan ◽  
Ganesh Gurung ◽  
Bachchu Ram K.C.
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lateral View ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Horizontal Diameter ◽  
The Individual

Background and Objective: In this observational study, morphometric data were obtained and analyzed by taking plain x-rays in various age groups to establish the morphometric values in Nepalese population.Methods: All the pedicle dimensions were measured by taking plain x-ray AP (Antero-posterior) and Lateral view of the lumbar spine in 246 Nepalese of different age groups. Pedicle diameters (Vertical and Horizontal) and interpedicular distance were measured in AP radiographs and sagittal angle was measured in the lateral radiographs. Differences between mean dimensions of pedicles of male and female of various age groups were tested by using ANOVA, independent t-test was used to test the individual mean dimensions.Results: Mean values of the pedicle dimensions were found as: Horizontal diameter (L1=7.17mm, L2=7.26mm, L3= 9.50mm, L4= 10.57mm and L5=11.3mm), Vertical diameter (L1= 15.00mm, L2=15.28mm, L3=15.21mm, L4=13.44mm and L5= 12.59mm), Interpedicular distance (L1= 25.54mm, L2 =27.03mm, L3 = 27.70mm, L4 =28.62mm and L5= 31.29mm) and the sagittal angle (L1=17.83degree, L2=15.7degree, L3= 15.91degree, L4=13.94degree, and L5=12.97degree) respectively.Conclusions: Values of pedicle dimensions found in Nepalese population by this study can be guidelines for the transpedicular procedure and for further research activities.JCMS Nepal 2014; 10(4):12-17

scholarly journals Cognitive factor of psychological safety: gender aspect

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesya Bubnovskaya ◽  
◽  
Vitalina Leonidova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Role ◽  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
The World ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Basic Beliefs

The relevance of the problem posed in the article is determined by the role of psychological safety in the development of the individual against the background of the growth of securitization in modern society, the need to detect factors affecting it. The purpose of the study is to establish the nature of the relationship between cognitive variables and psychological safety of the individual, considering the gender. According to the hypothesis of the study, gender characteristics of the individual, determining the cognitive component of the individual's attitude to himself and to the world, affect psychological safety. The sample of the study included university students of Vladivostok (n=300, 60 – men, 240 – women, the average age is 19 years). Used methods: “Psychological safety of educational environment” (PSEE)” (Baeva I.A.), “Kiselev’s thermometer” (“gradusnik sostoi͡aniĭ”), (Kiselev Yu.Ya.), “Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI)” (Bem S.), “World assumptions scale” (Yanov-Bulman R.) in the adaptation by Padun M. A., Kotelnikova A.V. with comparative, correlation, regression and factor analysis in the Python. The results show significant correlations between gender and basic beliefs of the individual (p≤0,001), safety of the educational environment, components of psychological safety (p≤0,001); stable influence of masculinity and femininity on the attitude of the individual to the world and to himself, on the components and characteristics of safety (determination coefficients – 0,5-0,6). Based on the study of data on psychological safety and basic beliefs of students, considering their gender traits, conclusions are made about the influence of gender on the cognitive component of safety. In general, gender characteristics and beliefs of an individual are important for psychological safety, although a strict determination was not identified in the study and requires further study. The influence of gender on beliefs about peace and safety is more pronounced in the feminine type than in the masculine type. The sense of safety of a person with feminine traits is largely due to her trust in others, faith in a good and fair world, and with masculine traits – the belief in her ability to control events.

scholarly journals Hyperferritinemia as independent risk factor and biomarker in COVID-19 to predict severity and mortality.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1183-1189
Author(s):  
Shah Taj Khan ◽  
◽  
Saiqa Zahoor ◽  
Hamzullah Khan ◽  
Khalid Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Gender Groups

Objectives: To determine the role of deranged serum ferritin levels as independent pathogenic risk factor to predict the progression towards a worse clinical outcome in COVID-19. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Section Study. Setting: Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. Period: 1 March to 10 July 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 267 patients were enrolled from COVID-19 isolation units, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar Descriptive statistics were used for numerical variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to predict the worst outcome in patients with deranged levels of ferritin. Correlation statistic were used to quantify the correlation of ferritin with mortality and severity of the disease. Kaplan Meir test was used for survival analysis to compare the mortality rate in gender groups in COVID-19 patients with deranged ferritin levels. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53+14years. The median value of the Serum ferritin levels of Covid-19 patients was 978 ug/L the ferritin distribution in gender groups was not normally distributed (Shapiro Wilk test, p-value 0.001). 215/267(80.5%) cases reported >400 ug/Lof serum ferritin. There was a statistically significant uphill positive correlation of serum ferritin levels with an increase in age (rs-0.213, p-0.001) and with disease outcome in terms of mortality (rs-0.29, p-0.05). The probability case fatality in patients with deranged serum ferritin levels was 1.8 times more as compared to patients without hyperferritinemia (p-0.05, OR 1.8). The surviving capability in female gender with deranged ferritin levels in extreme of age was 65% as compared to 20% in male gender. Conclusion: More than 80% of the COVID-19 patients had abnormally higher readings of serum ferritin. The deranged ferritin levels had a statistically significant correlation with an increase in age of patient and with worst outcome in terms of death. Female gender more protective with higher chances of survival with deranged serum ferritin levels in all age groups compared to male gender.

scholarly journals Association of Subpubic Angle Measurement with Age and Gender in a Group of Adult Sudanese Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Awad ◽  
Rabab Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Picture Archiving And Communication

Background: The measurement of the subpubic angle (SPA) has been used for determining gender with a high degree of accuracy in various ethnic groups. This measurement can also be helpful in forensic and physical anthropology. The aim of this study was to compare the SPA in different adult age groups (males and females) and to use the SPA to estimate the demarking point (DP) for the determination of gender. Methods: This study included 158 subjects – 59 male and 99 female. The SPA was measured electronically using antero-posterior pelvis X-rays. Measurements were taken retrospectively using the Picture Archiving and Communication System.  SPA measurements were compared between the male and female participants  in different adult age groups. To determine the gender, the DP was calculated from the means of SPA in male and female participants.   Results: A comparison of the means of SPA between males and females showed that females (134.94 ± 15.33º)  had wider SPA than males (105.88 ± 10.33) with a significant difference (P = 0.012). While a DP > 126.5 is most likely indicative of a female pelvis, a DP < 104.3 is indicative of a male pelvis. The accuracy levels based on the measured DP of participants in this study were 45.8% and 69.7% for males and females, respectively. Besides, with regards to age, the mean values for different age groups in males and females were statistically insignificant (P-values were 0.21 and 0.75, respectively).   Conclusions: According to the obtained results, the variations in the measurements of the SPA from pelvic X-rays can be used to determine gender. The calculated SPA range and DP were found to predict female gender with higher accuracy. Age was not associated with any notable differences in SPA measurements. Keywords: subpubic angle, pelvis, Sudanese, sex differences 

scholarly journals Eksperymenty nad tożsamością płciową mężczyzn w twórczości Marka Hłaski

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Mosak
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
Natural Way

The present article aims to analyse the depictions of male protagonists in the oeuvre of Marek Hłasko. The post-World War Two crisis of hegemonic masculinity resulted in transformations of male and female gender identities in the 1950s. What seems to reflect the said reconfiguration of masculinity model are the changes occurring between the main protagonists of the particular pieces of Hłasko’s prose. In the 1954 short story entitled Baza Sokołowska, the men’s identities are, in the natural way, embedded in biology. In order to join the male community of drivers and gain their respect, it is enough to go through an initiation ritual. In the prose written by Hłasko after 1955, however, more and more often appear the male characters who humiliate the young and thwart them on their way to join masculine community, yet simultaneously some characters are presented who contest forms of patriarchal culture and refuse to participate in it. Hłasko’s Israeli novels, in turn, feature a series of male protagonists for whom gender (or even sexual) identity is merely a social construct. The narrator/protagonist of Drugie zabicie psa (Killing the Second Dog) would even consciously “perform” his masculinity to obtain an affluent female tourist’s trust and, as a result, to cozen her out of her money, which he needs to pay back his debts.The analysis of Marek Hłasko’s selected prose writings focused on the representation of various masculinity models leads the author of the article to a conclusion that male gender identity is consistently shifting towards constructivist concepts.

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