scholarly journals Conference interpreting on the privatemarket: Employment and assignment-related variables

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Heather Adams ◽  
David Bovy
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Private Market ◽  
Preparation Work ◽  
Shed Light

The benchmark for the study of conference interpreting tends to be the institutional market, in which employment conditions are secure and communicative situations, context and terminology will tend to recur. By contrast, conference interpreters working in the private sector face a range of ever-changing circumstances, negotiating each assignment not only in terms of remuneration but also in terms of all aspects relating to working conditions, thus requiring an increased capacity to adapt on many levels. This article presents findings from a pilot study that aims to showcase what interpreters working in the private market actually do before their interpreting assignment, over and above the preparation work that all interpreters put in. After a brief contextualization based on both academic and professional literature, this article presents the responses to two questions posed in our study regarding additional tasks carried out before assignments. Our conclusions are relevant to practitioners, trainees and trainers, as they shed light on current professional practice.

Shared values, shared health, shared prosperity

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Davies and
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Health Security ◽  
The Past ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This chapter looks at the relationship between commerce and health, some of the choices involved, and the impacts they have on total health. Public health specialists and policymakers have only recently begun to explore the complex relationship between commerce and health, what it has been in the past, what it is now, and importantly what it could look like as we re-build society post COVID-19. The role that work and employers play in our individual, family, and collective health, security, and prosperity has developed over time, and the dependence of companies on the health of their workforce, and their vulnerability when employees are ill, has changed too. The private sector can contribute to health in its immediate community, and nationally through the products it promotes, the working conditions for its employees, and the causes it supports.

Digital collaborative platforms: A challenge for both the legislator and the social partners in the Nordic model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Westregård
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Collective Agreements ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Partners ◽  
Security Regulations

This paper focuses on the specific problems in the labour and social security legislation as it relates to crowdworkers in the digitalised new economy, analysing their place in labour market, and especially in the collective agreements which are the standard means of regulating working conditions in the Nordic model. Sweden has a binary system where a performing party is as either an employee or self-employed. The law on working and employment conditions offers only limited protection to those on short, fixed-term contracts; instead, it is social partners that have improved crowdworkers’ conditions in some industries by using collective bargaining. However, there are no collective agreements in the digital economy, or indeed for platform entrepreneurs. The complications of the parties’ positions will be analysed, especially as platforms do not consider themselves to be employers, but rather coordinators of the self-employed. It is not only labour law regulations that are important to prevent precariat among crowdworkers. It is also very important that the social security regulations adapt to the new labour market as the social security legislation is an important part of the Nordic model.

Digital Platforms, Gig Economy, Precarious Employment, and the Invisible Hand of Social Class

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carles Muntaner
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Invisible Hand ◽  
Class Conflict ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Gig Economy

Digital platform capitalism, as exemplified by companies like Uber or Lyft has the potential to transform employment and working conditions for an increasing segment of the worforce. Most digital economy workers are exposed to the health damaging precarious employment conditions characteristic of the contemporary working class in high income countries. Just as with Guy Standing or Mike Savage’s “precariat” it might appear that digital platform workers are a new social class or that they do not belong to any social class. Yet the class conflict interests (wages, benefits, employment and working conditions, collective action) of digital platform workers are similar to other members of the working class.

Delivering on the European Pillar of Social Rights: The New Directive on Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions in the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Bednarowicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Obligation To Inform

Abstract Chapter II of the European Pillar of Social Rights envisages fair working conditions that are further spelled out in two principles on secure and adaptable employment (Principle 5) and information about employment conditions and protection in dismissals (Principle 7). In order to deliver on this framework, in December 2017 the European Commission presented an ambitious and far-reaching proposal for a Directive on transparent and predictable working conditions in the European Union that would repeal Directive 91/533/EC on an employer’s obligation to inform employees of the conditions applicable to the contract or employment relationship. The proposal, after a series of uneasy negotiations in the Parliament and the Council, and with substantial modifications, was subsequently adopted in June 2019. Against this background, the main aim of this note is to analyse the new Directive (EU) 2019/1152. This piece focuses firstly on the Directive’s nuanced hybrid personal ambit of application. Secondly, it examines its material scope of application and sheds some light on the new set of rights and entitlements available to workers, including novel enforcement mechanisms. Finally, the note provides a critical assessment of the Directive with the aim of unveiling its potential to boost workers’ rights in the European Union, in particular those engaged in non-standard forms of employment, who are especially prone to experiencing precarious working conditions, such as on-demand and platform workers.

scholarly journals Exhibitions in special collections, rare book libraries and archives: Questions to ask ourselves

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 8-29
Author(s):  
Francesca Marini
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
North American ◽  
New Professionals ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
Key Questions

The author addresses key questions that librarians, archivists, curators and administrators face when producing physical exhibitions in special collections, rare book libraries and archives. The author’s direct experience is complemented by data gathered through a pilot study she conducted in 2017 and is placed in the context of professional literature. The questions discussed focus mostly on physical exhibitions. While the context of this article is North American, the questions are also relevant to institutions in other countries. This article is especially of interest to new professionals, as an introduction to exhibition work, as well as to experienced professionals who want to reflect on their practices in comparison to those of other institutions.

Professional Practice and Patient Care: Multidisciplinary Teamwork in Geriatric Wards

1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Evers
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Geriatric Patient ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teamwork

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to examine aspects of the nature of multidisciplinary teamwork in geriatric care. First, some of the medical profession's current views of teamwork in geriatrics will be summarized. Second, case studies from a research project on care of geriatric patients in hospital will be used to illustrate some of the strengths and limitations of the adoption of a teamwork approach by health care professionals. Evidence from research suggests that under only a few circumstances does care of the geriatric patient match the images of teamwork as portrayed in the professional literature. This finding in part reflects piecemeal developments in interprofessional responsibilities and relationships in policy and practice of care of the elderly.

Working conditions in selected hospital rooms: results of a pilot study on noise, illumination and microclimate

2018 ◽  
Vol 567 (12) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Bożena Smagowska ◽  
Dariusz Pleban ◽  
Andrzej Sobolewski ◽  
Andrzej Pawlak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Safety And Health

The article presents an assessment of three physical factors of the work environment, i.e. noise, illumination and microclimate in selected rooms of a hospital. The rooms were selected in cooperation with occupational safety and health services. Quantities characterizing noise, illumination and microclimate were measured in the operating room and in the sterilization and pathomorphology rooms. For this purpose, the measurement methods included in the standards were applied. The pilot study showed that noise limits were exceeded in terms of annoyance and that there is a need to improve illumination in the operating room, in the sterilization room and in the histological laboratory. In the operating and in the sterilization rooms, the requirement of thermal comfort was met with the assumption of low physical activity of employees, while in the pathomorphology room, changes are necessary.

The Employment of Foreign Labor in Japan

1991 ◽  
Vol 513 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARUO SHIMADA
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Immigration Control ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
The Government

The problems of foreign labor in Japan have become increasingly serious economically, politically, and socially in recent years. In response to increasing labor shortages and high wages in Japan, ever larger numbers of foreign workers are entering Japan and illegally engaging in unskilled work under poor working conditions. The amended law of immigration control was put into effect on 1 June 1990, strictly prohibiting the entrance of foreigners for unauthorized work while opening doors more widely for highly skilled and knowledgeable workers. This article first briefly reviews the recent penetration of the Japanese labor market by foreign workers and then discusses potential merits of international migration of workers as well as likely demerits or dangers associated with the spontaneous influx of foreign workers into Japan under the current institutional and social conditions. The article finally proposes a large-scale work and learn program jointly administered by the government and private sector as a policy remedy to maximize the merits, and to minimize the demerits, of accepting foreign workers.

scholarly journals The involvement of family in child protection cases in Iceland

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
Anni Haugen ◽  
Sigrún Yrja Klörudóttir
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Violent Behaviour ◽  
Child Protection Workers ◽  
The Family ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Shed Light

The aim of this study is to examine the involvement of families in child protection cases in Iceland, as well as to shed light on the attitudes of child protection workers on the importance of including families while working on child protection cases. The study is part of an international comparative analysis called: Social Work with Families: Social Workers’ Constructions of Family in Professional Practice. This article only addresses the Icelandic segment of the research. In the study, qualitative methods were used and three focus groups were conducted, in which the same three-step vignette about a child protection case was presented. The findings highlighted how difficult child protection workers found it to define the family. The main element is that family are those individuals closest to the child and connected to them through emotional ties, as Icelandic child protection workers seem to strive to involve family in child protection cases. However, there are signs which show that when working with more complicated cases the definition of a family becomes narrower, and involvement is restricted mostly to parents and grandparents. The findings also show that attitudes toward fathers differ from those toward mothers. The mother is expected to support and create security for the child, while the father is judged mostly on his violent behaviour and is not automatically regarded as providing support or actively taking responsibility for his child.

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