scholarly journals Productivity of garden strawberry and breeding possibilities to improve it

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
L. A. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Intraspecific Hybridization ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Genetic Modifications ◽  
Individual Productivity ◽  
Productivity Trait ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Domestic Breeding

The information on the productivity trait of garden strawberry Fragaria × ananassa (Duchesne ex Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier has been summarized on the basis of literary sources. The productivity trait has a complex polygenic character. Independent inheritance of individual productivity components allows modeling their optimal combination in a new variety. The creation of highly productive varieties of strawberries is based on intraspecific hybridization. The established positive correlation between the size of berries and the yield indicates the possibility of increasing the productivity of varieties by using large-fruited forms in breeding. At present, in various zones of horticulture, researchers distinguish large-fruited varieties of domestic breeding: ‘Atlas', ‘Bereginya', ‘Vityaz', ‘Grenada', ‘Zabelinskaya', ‘Kemiya', ‘Nashe Podmoscovie', ‘Nelly', ‘Pervoklassnitsa', ‘Rusich', ‘Solnechnaya Polyanka', ‘Solovushka', ‘Festivalnaya Romashka', ‘Fruktovaya', ‘Tsaritsa', ‘Yaponka', and foreign breeding: ‘Alba', ‘Asia', ‘Elsanta', ‘Finesse', ‘Florense', ‘Vivaldi', ‘Galia', ‘Jive', ‘Joly', ‘M. Champion', ‘Merced', ‘Murano', ‘Onda', ‘Roxana', ‘Rumba', ‘Tarda Vicoda', ‘Vima Kimberly', ‘Vima Tarda', ‘Vima Rina', ‘Vima Xima'. It was noted that when using the inbreeding method, it is possible to achieve a heterotic effect on the basis of the productivity trait. The method of genetic modifications of plants is of great importance for breeding of complex quantitative traits of productivity, including yield. Expansion of the genetic base of garden strawberry by means of octoploid and polyploid forms of wild species will ensure an increase in the productivity of new varieties due to the inclusion of traits of adaptability to biotic and abiotic factors in the genotype. The use of modern research methods (screening of the metabolomic and biochemical profile, DNA certification, molecular labeling) increases the objectivity of research and the efficiency of the breeding process.

HIGH-PROTEIN VARIETIES AND PERSPECTIVE LINES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
O. V. Levakova ◽  
L. M. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Protein ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Research Grade ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Variety Testing

The article presents the results of the analysis of the biochemical composition of selected in the competitive variety testing of new varieties and promising lines of spring barley, studied on the experimental field ISA-branch of FGBNU FNAC VIM in 2016-2018. Result of research in different years of water availability among the rooms was allocated a group of high-protein barley with improved feed value: 4 varieties, 2 of which are on the state variety testing, and 2 promising lines. The range of variation of protein content in the grain of the selected samples varied from 13.1 to 14.5 %, lysine – from 0.48 to 0.52 %, weight of 1000 grains-from 48.0 to 53.5 g. According to the data obtained the highest value of protein in grain was observed in krupnosortnogo varieties Zlatoyar (GSI), amounting on average for 14.5 %. The increase was equal to 1.1% in relation to the control variety Yaromir. With an average yield of 6.52 t/ha in the years of research grade Accounting have provided protein per hectare in the amount of 0,94 t/ha. A new variety Sudar´ (GSI) and breeding line 149/4-12 h 788 and 129/1-14 h 907 this indicator has been less productive, however, exceeded the grade Yaromir 0.10 to 0.16 t/ha. Given the higher productivity of new promising varieties and breeding lines, the collection of lysine per unit area they have 12.7, 30.8 per cent was higher than that of the Promej class and 10.6-23.6% more than in the variety Yaromir, which indicates their high biological value. Selected hulless line 1137 h is also an encouraging source of protein and other nutrients of plant origin. The selected lines and new varieties, regardless of weather conditions, were able to ensure the production of high-protein and sources' grain for feed purposes, while maintaining productivity.

Gesneriaceae of the old World III. New species and varieties from Borneo, chiefly from Mt Kinabalu

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.L. Burtt
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Old World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
New Varieties

A new variety of Agalmyla tuberculala Hook. f. is described; it extends the range of the species from Mt Kinabalu, Sabah, to Mt Murud, N Sarawak. Five new species and four new varieties of Cyrtandra are described from Mt Kinabalu; there are also two new species of Cyrtandra from Sarawak.

scholarly journals Polianthes tuberose Breeding in Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Donald Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Mutation Induction ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Double Flower ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Long Time ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Flower Type

Tuberose (Polianthus tuberosa) is an important ornamental plant in Indonesia that has been cultivated by farmers for a long time mainly in Java and North Sumatra provinces. However, the availability of new superior varieties is only a few so that the consumers only have a limited choice. Until now, there are three types of tuberose in Indonesia, which is distinguished by the type of flower namely single, semi-double and double flower. Some breeding efforts to obtain new varieties have been done through crossbreeding, mutation induction and selection to local cultivars. But the success on the crossbreeding of tuberose was only about 0.05%, as it can only be done in the direction of the single flower with double flowers. Because in the double flowers pistils are not found, the variability is very low. Nevertheless from these crossbreeding obtained 29 genotypes that showed differences in several characters, especially in the arrangements of flowers; and flower stalks straightness and rigidness. The other study indicates that each genotype has a different resistance levels against leaf spot disease (Xanthomonas sP.). Meanwhile, breeding of tuberose through mutation induction technique has not been widely studied. Application of gamma ray irradiation on tubers caused morphological damaged on Polyanthes, reduced bulb growth less than 30% and reduced the plant height more 400% than no treated plants (control). Polyploidy induced mutations by using colchicine led to changes in the length and diameter of the flowers and harvesting time. Until now, there is no result of the crossbreeding and mutation techniques that released as a new variety. Despite this, based on the positive selection breeding on local cultivars, there have been two superior genotypes released as new varieties namely Dian Arum (double flower type; origin of Cianjur, West Java) and Roro (semi double flower type; origin of Pasuruan, East Java).  Keywords: Polianthes tuberosa ; breeding; local cultivars, new varieties,Dian Arum, Roro Anteng

scholarly journals New variety of soft winter wheat Alyonushka

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Svetlana Valentinovna Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
High Mass ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Intraspecific Hybridization ◽  
Gluten Quality ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

The article presents the main methods of creating and the results of studying a new variety of winter soft wheat Alyonushka. The variety was created at the FSBRI OP Penza Research Institute of Agriculture by the method of intraspecific hybridization of varieties with subsequent individual selection from the hybrid population F3 Kazanskaya 237 // Moshinskaya 2 / Zolushka. The characteristics of the new variety are given according to the most important economically valuable traits and properties. The new variety Alyonushka in terms of grain yield and the elements composing it, during the years of research (2015–2018), significantly exceeded the standard variety Fotinya. The average increase in grain to the standard for these years was 0.78 t / ha. The high yield of the new variety is formed due to the high mass of 1000 grains, the number and weight of grain per spike. It has high winter hardiness (88% on average), high lodging resistance (9 points) and grain quality at the level of valuable wheat. The new variety Alyonushka stably forms a completed grain (grain nature is 756-797 g / l), the content of crude protein in the grain is 14.8-16.2%, gluten is 28.2-30.2% with a gluten quality of 50-85 units. ... IDK (I-II group), baking strength of flour - 296 units, volumetric yield of bread from 100 g of flour - 780 cm3, overall assessment of bread - 4.7 points. The economic efficiency of cultivation of the Alyonushka variety in comparison with the Fotinya standard was 3780 rubles / ha. The profitability level of the new variety was 135%, which is 21% higher than that of the standard.

New varieties of Diphasiastrum zeilleri (Rouy) Holub (Lycopodiaceae)

2016 ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Ivanenko
Keyword(s):  
Parental Species ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Light And Shadow ◽  
Ecological Forms

Diphasiastrum zeilleri (Rouy) Holub is a hybrid species, with the formula D. complanatum (L.) Holub × D. tristachyum (Pursh) Holub. A high variability of D. zeilleri is due to environmental conditions (light and shadow ecological forms) and probably to introgressive hybridization with the parental species. Intermediate forms between D. zeilleri, D. complanatum and D. tristachyum are quite rare, that allows to treat the three taxa as separate species. D. zeilleri is missing in subarctic regions of Europe and North America, and some degree of its resemblance with D. complanatum subsp. montellii Kukk. is convergent. Lycopodium complanatum f. polystachyum H. Lindb. is considered to belong to D. zeilleri, and an appropriate conbination is published, Diphasiastrum zeilleri var. polystachyum (H. Lindb.) Ivanenko. A new variety Diphasiastrum zeilleri (Rouy) Holub var. ramistachyum Ivanenko is described, differing by sessile strobili formed on the basal part of fertile branches during one growing season. The structure, the base of which is a fertile branch, and the upper part is strobilus (strobili), is proposed to term «strobilus branch». Besides D. zeilleri var. ramistachyum, the strobilus branches are produced by D. issleri (Rouy) Holub, D. oellgaardii Stoor, Boudrie, Jérôme, K. Horn et Bennert, and rarely by D. alpinum (L.) Holub and D. complanatum.

scholarly journals The study of the nature of the inheritance of quantitative traits in F1 hybrids of winter soft wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00084
Author(s):  
Olga Antoshina ◽  
Julia Odnodushnova ◽  
Gennadiy Fadkin ◽  
Irina Kondakova ◽  
Olga Fedosova
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Intraspecific Hybridization ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Ear Number

In the conditions of the south of the Nonchernozem Zone, intraspecific hybridization of winter soft wheat was carried out. When selecting parental forms used in crossing, special attention was paid to such economically valuable traits as productive tilling capacity, the number of grains and the mass of grain per spike. The true (Htru) and hypothetical heterosis (Hhyp) on the basis of “plant height”, “length of the lower internode”, “length of the upper internode”, “general tilling capacity”, “productive tilling capacity”, “spike length”, “number of spikelets”, “number of grains” and “grain weight per spike” were determined. It was established that the inheritance of quantitative traits in hybrids of the first generation was distinguished by the complex nature of distribution by types. Studies have made possible to identify 5 hybrid combinations F1, in which the effect of heterosis manifests itself simultaneously on five quantitative characteristics (ear length, number of spikelets per ear, number of grains per ear, grain weight per ear, mass grain from a plant).

Nb-Ta oxide minerals from miarolitic pegmatites of the Baveno pink granite, NW Italy

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Aurisicchio ◽  
C. De Vito ◽  
V. Ferrini ◽  
P. Orlandi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Pink Granite ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Nw Italy ◽  
A Site ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Dominant Cation

AbstractChemical composition and cell parameters were ascertained on new data from Ti-Nb-Ta complex oxides from the miarolitic pegmatites of the Baveno pink granite (Southern Alps, NW Italy). The crystals are tiny, single or aggregated in small sprays, prismatic or tabular, from yellow-orange to brownish in colour. Typical associated minerals include fluorite, zinnwaldite, gadolinite-group minerals and Sc-minerals. Cavity paragenesis is typical of NYF pegmatites, and shows two stages of crystallization developing in magmatic-pneumatolitic and hydrothermal conditions. X-ray data show that some oxides belong to the aeschynite mineral group; others are polycrase and fersmite. Aeschynite and polycrase are chemically heterogeneous and structurally disordered because of their metamict state. This disorder does not always seem to be related to radionuclide contents. Two main trends are indicated, considering the behaviour of Y. The high Y contents fit with very low Ca and LREE contents in the A site; the HREE contents follow the Y trend. In the B site, Ti is the dominant cation, followed by some Nb and very little Ta. Small quantities of Y fit with increasing Ca, U, Th and REE contents. In the B site, Nb cations often exceed those of Ti. The Th contents are often greater than those of U. Besides the already known aeschynite-(Y) and vigezzite, new varieties, ‘titano-vigezzite’ and ‘niobo-aeschynite-(Y)’, are identified here in the Baveno miarolitic cavities. Samples 14 (analysis a) and 2502 (analysis b) have Ca as the main occupant of the A site, followed by Y, Th and REE; in the B site, Ti prevails over Nb. These compositions cannot be considered as pure vigezzite, but as a new variety called ‘titano-vigezzite’. In the same way, analysis a of sample 3 may be considered a new variety of aeschynite-(Y), with Nb prevailing over Ti in the B site, and here called ‘niobo-aeschynite-(Y)’. Neither variety has ever been mentioned in the literature. Epitaxial growth of aeschynite on polycrase (sample 3194) allows some inferences on the crystallization sequence.

scholarly journals Time-Series Transcriptome Sheds Light on Anthocyanin Metabolism and Species Diversification Between two Lonicera Japonica Thunb Cultivars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Li ◽  
Chenglin Ye ◽  
Jingxiao Ma ◽  
Ting Cheng ◽  
Yan Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flower Color ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Lonicera Japonica ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Three Stages

Abstract Background：‘Yujin 2’ is new variety of Lonicera japonica Thunb and its flower color can change from red to yellow; hence, it is a good model for investigating flower color development mechanisms. Results：High throughput transcriptome sequencing of seven flower development stages of Yujin No.2 was carried out, and 133,487 unigenes were annotated, among which 73,088 were differentially expressed. Then the real-time PCR analysis was carried out. Further, the number of up-regulated DEGs was higher than those that were down-regulated. Of these annotated DEGs, plant hormone signal transduction, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis were active throughout the flowering process during each stage, whereas carotenoid biosynthesis was inactive in the S1-6 stages. Furthermore, phenylalanine synthesis was enhanced in the S1 phase; however, anthocyanin synthesis was weakened in the S5 and S6 phases, which may be consistent with the changes in petal color of ‘Yujin 2’ from red (S1) to white (S5) and gold (S6). The results showed that 114 unigenes were associated with anthocyanin metabolism, and 72 were significantly upregulated or downregulated. According to the analysis of TFs in anthocyanin metabolism, we obtained 47 transcription factors, which belonged to 18 families. The LjDFR, LjABCB1, LjMYC6, LjDDB2, and LjANS genes rapidly increased during the first three stages. However, only LjF3'5'H expression was significantly down-regulated at S5, which was consistent with anthocyanin accumulation. Conclusions：This study developed a transcriptome profile of flower color generation for L. japonica as well as annotated unigene sets of seven anthesis phases, thereby providing possibilities for improving the germplasm of L. japonica with genetic engineering technologies and cultivating new varieties of different colors.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and biochemical value of Brassica L. cabbage plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Аrtemieva ◽  
A. Е. Solovieva
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Ornamental Crops

Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) is one of the most important metasperms. Kale Brassica includes economically important vegetable, forage, oil-bearing, ornamental crops and it is widespread in the world. This is explained by variety of food organs, high yield, environmental plasticity, different ways of food use and valuable biochemical composition. One of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of vegetables is seen as increasing the number of cultivated vegetables and their varietal diversity. The authors speak about necessity to breed new varieties and hybrids of cabbage crops, not represented in the state register, as well as missing types of varieties in order to expand the range of vegetables. The paper points out that cultivation in the Asian part of Russia requires the varieties and hybrids of all cabbage crops that combine high productivity and complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, eco-friendly, high-quality, with a different period of vegetation, including for horticultural use. The authors focus on increasing the nutritional value of vegetables and higher number of biologically active matters for making functional products. It is important and necessary to search within each cabbage for forms that combine productivity, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors when being grown in different environmental and geographical areas with a valuable biochemical composition. This allows to use efficiently cultivated and recommended for cultivation in the Asian part of Russia types and forms of Brassica L. vegetables. It is necessary for dietetic nutrition and raw materials in medical industry. All varieties of cabbage plants are supposed to be significant and reliable basis for improving population health and life expectancy taking into account existing environmental problems in the regions of Asian Russia.

scholarly journals Yielding and quality indicators of new buckwheat varieties Kamianchanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
L. A. Vilchynska ◽  
A. S. Gorash
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Study Evaluation ◽  
State Test ◽  
State Registration

Aim. To compare the new variety of buckwheat Kamianchanka by individual indicators of suitability for distribution, difference, uniformity and stability with a conditional national variety-standard. Methods. The creation, study, evaluation, reproduction and transfer to the State trials of a new variety was carried out in accordance with the generally accepted methods of state trials. Results. The article presents the main identification indicators of the Kamianchanka buckwheat variety, created in the Podilskyi State Agrarian Engineering University. In terms of the suitability of the variety for distribution, difference, uniformity and stability, the Kamianchanka buckwheat variety exceeds the average yield of the varieties that have passed state registration in the previous five years in the Forest-Steppe Zone. The average yield of the new variety was higher than the conventional standard by 1.7 and 3.7 c / ha, or by 9.3 and 19.6%, respectively. Plant height varied from 73 to 156 cm and was on average 15 cm higher than the standard. The mass of 1000 seeds varied from 25.4-35 g and was higher in the Forest-steppe zone by 3.7-5 g (11.4-11.7%) compared with the conventional standard. A new variety of buckwheat Kamenchanka is sufficiently resistant to biotic and abiotic factors, suitable for cultivation in intensive technologies and mechanized harvesting. Сonclusions. A new variety of buckwheat Kamianchanka is listed in the Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine for 2019. Recommended for growing farms of various forms of ownership. Keywords: buckwheat, yield, qualitative parameters, state test.

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