scholarly journals Structural changes of mucous membrane and the presence of immunoglobulins in small intestines of neonatal pigs

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Tomáš Kanka ◽  
Michal Rolinec ◽  
Danka Šťastná ◽  
Ivan Imrich ◽  
Daniel Bíro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Neonatal Pigs ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Mucosal Changes ◽  
Experimental Group

The structure of the small intestine of neonatal pigs has an important effect on immunoglobulin absorption. The aim of the experiment was to observe changes in the mucous membrane and the presence of immunoglobulins in the intestines of piglets during the first hours of their postnatal lives. In total, 80 piglets of the Large White breed were divided into two groups of 40 pigs. One group (control) came from an infection-free breeding, the other (experimental) group came from a breeding with the reproduction and respiration syndrome of pigs. Samples (n = 80) of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were taken at intervals of 0, 3, 6 and 12 h after colostrum intake in order to carry out histological tests. Primary pig antibodies were detected by immunohistochemical staining. The low content of immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM was detected in all segments of intestines of precolostral piglets. Difference (P < 0.05) in size of the mucous membrane was found in the duodenum at the interval of 0, 3 and 6 h (46.03%), in the jejunum at 0 and 12 h (45.98%) and in favour of the control group. Compared to the control group, more Ig (P < 0.01) antibodies were observed in the experimental group: in the duodenum IgG at 12 h (37.22 vs. 10.81%), IgA, 6 h (43.29 vs. 16.71%), IgM, 12 h (25.29 vs. 8.40%), in the jejunum at IgG 12 h (23.97 vs. 9.96%), IgA, 0 h (0.48 vs. 0.37%) and IgM, 3 h (21.80 vs. 10.10%), in the ileum IgG, 0 h (0.38 vs. 0.29%), IgA, 3 h (20.46 vs. 6.45%), IgM, 3 h (31.5 vs. 12.29%). We can conclude that the colostrum intake and the presence of reproduction and respiration syndrome of pigs resulted in changes of microscopic structures of intestines as well as in the presence of Ig in piglet intestines. These mucosal changes significantly affect the development of passive immunity in piglets in the postnatal period.

scholarly journals Impact of feeding with protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» on the structure of gastrointestinal tract of young pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Experimental Group

The research was conducted on two groups–analogues of young pigs of large white breed with 10 pigs each. Weaned piglets at the age of 28 days were fed with the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» – starter in the amount of 25% of grain feed (33 days), while young pigs in growing were given the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» – grower in the amount of 15% (50 days) and those in fattening the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» – finisher in the amount of 10% (62 days). The control group received protein–vitamin mineral supplement. At the end of growing with the live weight of 100 – 110 kg a control slaughter was carried out and samples of stomach, small and large intestines for laboratory tests were picked out. Studies have shown that feeding of young pigs with the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» increases the average daily gains by 95 g or 15.68%, while their level is 701 g in the experimental group of animals and 606 g in the control one. The protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» incredibly affected the morphological parameters of the stomach in the experimental group of pigs. However, the thickening of the walls by 4.3%, 5% and 10.9% respectively is observed in cardiac, fundic and pyloric areas of the experimental group, compared to the control one. The thickening of the walls in stomach areas under the influence of feed factor is associated with increasing of the mucosa thickness. Mucosa increased by 0.1 mm in the cardiac area, 0.36 mm in fundic and 0.53 mm in the pyloric one. The change in the structure of the investigated jejunum is observed while consuming the protein–vitamin mineral supplement «Minaktyvit» in the diet. The wall thickness increased by 17.57% (P < 0.05), including the thickening of mucosa by 16.7% and that of serous–muscular shell by 18.8%. No significant difference in the structure of the colon in the experimental group of animals was determined.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF PROBIOTIC PREPARATIONS IN REALIZATION OF REPRODUCTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES OF PIGS

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
В.Г. СЕМЕНОВ ◽  
А.В. ОБУХОВА ◽  
Н.К. КИРИЛЛОВ ◽  
А.С. ТИХОНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Large White ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Experimental Group

Цель работы – реализация репродуктивных качеств свиноматок и продуктивности поросят активизацией неспецифической резистентности организма пробиотическими препаратами. Методология. Для проведения научно-исследовательской работы сформировали по 3 группы тяжелосупоросных свиноматок и новорожденных поросят породы крупная белая, по 10 животных в каждой группе. С целью стимуляции биоресурсного потенциала организма животных применяли пробиотические препараты А2 (первая опытная группа) и Иммунофлор (вторая опытная группа). Результаты. Применение супоросным свиноматкам пробиотических препаратов А2 и Иммунофлор двукратно, в начале супоросности и за две недели до опороса, из расчета 0,25 кг и 0,08 кг на 1 тонну корма соответственно, обеспечивает нормальное внутриутробное развитие плодов, здоровье и сохранность поросят-сосунов, повышая количество жизнеспособных поросят в помете на 7,2 и 10,3 % и крупноплодность на 11,4 и 3,6 %, а также улучшает на 9,3 и 10,3 % (Р<0,05) молочность свиноматок. Назначение пробиотических препаратов А2 и Иммунофлор поросятам в течение 21 дня из расчета соответственно 0,25 кг и 0,005 кг на 1 тонну корма способствовало снижению заболеваемости. В период выращивания в группах заболеваемость составила 60,0; 20,0; и 10,0 % соответственно. Выздоровление у поросят опытных групп наступало раньше на 1,4 и 4,0 суток, чем в контроле. К завершению периода выращивания живая масса поросят опытных групп оказалась выше на 11,5 и 13,8 кг, нежели в контроле. Заключение. Назначение супоросным свиноматкам и новорожденным поросятам пробиотических препаратов А2 и Иммунофлор предупреждает заболеваемость и способствует реализации репродуктивного и продуктивного потенциала организма. Problem and purpose. The purpose of the work is to realize the reproductive qualities of sows and the productivity of piglets by activating the nonspecifc resistance of the body with probiotic preparations. Methodology. To carry out research work, 3 groups of pregnant sows and newborn piglets of the large white breed were formed, 10 animals in each group. Probiotic preparations А2 (the frst experimental group) and Immunofor (the second experimental group) were used to stimulate the bioresource potential of the animals. Results. The 2-fold administration of probiotic preparations А2 and Immunofor for pregnant sows at the beginning of pregnancy and two weeks before childbirth, 0.25 kg and 0.08 kg per 1 ton of feed, respectively, ensures normal intrauterine growth of piglets, their health and preservation, increasing the number of viable piglets in litter by 7,2 and 10.3 % and a size of 11.4 and 3.6 %, and also improving milk productivity of sows by 9.3 and 10.3 % (P < 0.05). Administration of probiotic drugs А2 and Immunofor to piglets for 21 days at a rate of 0.25 kg and 0.005 kg per 1 ton of feed, respectively, contributed to a reduction in morbidity. During the growth period the incidence in the groups was 60.0, 20.0 and 10.0 %, respectively. Piglets’ recovery in experimental groups occurred earlier by 1.4 and 4.0 days than in the control. By the end of the growth period, the living weight of the piglets of the experimental groups was 11.5 and 13.8 kg higher than in the control. Conclusion. Prescribing probiotic preparations to pregnant sows and newborn piglets А2 and Immunofor prevents morbidity and contributes to the realization of the reproductive and productive potential of the body.

scholarly journals Physiological state and productivity of young pigs for probiotic action

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (92) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
V. V. Voronyak ◽  
K. Y. Leskiv ◽  
V. O. Huberuk
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Due to the impact of adverse environmental factors, unsatisfactory conditions of pig population, deterioration of food supply, abuse of antibiotics, lack of preventive measures, leads to the development of diseases among pigs, especially young, which leads to a decrease in resistance, body performance, reproduction and reduction of livestock, as well as large economic losses. The use of bacterial preparations from living microorganisms can significantly reduce or even eliminate the use of antibiotics and hormones in the cultivation of healthy animals, to obtain high-quality and safe high-grade products. The aim of the work is to study the effect of probiotic EM – 1 on the physiological state and productivity of young pigs of large white breed. The experiment was conducted on two groups (6 heads each) of animals-analogues, starting from 60 days of age, for 2 months. Animals of the control group received feed produced in the farm. Piglets of the experimental group in addition to the main diet received 5% of feed fermented with em-1. Evaluation of the physiological state and productivity of young pigs was carried out on 60, 90 and 120 days of experience according to the methods adopted in clinical practice. Hygienic, hematological, biochemical, zootechnical and statistical methods of research were used in the performance of the work. The use of probiotic EM-1 in animals of the experimental group led to an increase in hemoglobine concentration by 7.7%, an increase in the number of red blood cells by 13.7%, the total number of leukocytes by 9.52%, and glucose concentration by 11.4%. The advantage of the viability of these pigs for the content of total protein (P < 0.05), γ–globulins by 18.6%, the activity of aminotransferases (AlАT, AsAT; P < 0.05), the average daily gain increased by 12.3% at the end of the experiment. For feeding piglets feed with probiotic EM-1 increased metabolic processes, resistance and productivity of the body, which indicates a higher level of redox reactions in their body.

scholarly journals Functional properties of hemostasis in piglets after short-term overheating against the background of corrective action

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00169
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Zaitsev ◽  
Marina V. Mekhanikova ◽  
Svetlana V. Shestakova ◽  
Tatyana P. Ryzhakina
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Large White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1

Catosal is considered to be a highly effective bio-stimulator. It showed his properties in animals, realizing the stimulation of their tissues and organs. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Catosal on hemostatic parameters in piglets that experienced overheating. 58 piglets at the age of 2.5 months, which belonged to a large white breed, were taken into work. All animals as a result of an accidental emergency shutdown of the air conditioning system in the pigsty suffered overheating for 3 hours. These animals were randomly divided into two comparable groups. One was named experimental; the other was called control 1. Pigs of the experimental group (21 heads) received intramuscular injections of 2.5 ml of Catosal daily for 5 consecutive days, from the next day after an overheating episode. The control group 1 consisted of piglets with a total number of 21. After an overheating episode, they were under the usual conditions of a pigsty and did not receive any effects. In experimental piglets and piglets of the control group 1, all indicators were recorded in the outcome and after 30 days. Control group 2 consisted of 32 completely healthy piglets that were kept under standard conditions of a pigsty for their entire lives. They were examined once. Catosal injections in the observed piglets after overheating led to a decrease in spontaneous and stimulated platelet aggregation to normal levels. Against the background of the use of Catosal in the piglets that made up the experimental group, a weakening of hemocoagulation was found, which improved blood circulation in their tissues. Piglets of control group 1 showed an increase in platelet aggregation and blood coagulation. This had a very negative effect on hemorheology in them and weakened their metabolism. We can assume that in piglets after overheating, in the absence of optimizing effects, hemostasis is activated. This adversely affects the course of microcirculation and inhibits growth. Injections in piglets after overheating of the Catosal lead to a weakening of hemocoagulation and platelet activity to optimum values. This normalizes the course of microcirculation in the internal organs of animals.

scholarly journals IMPROVMENT THE BIOLOGICAL VALUE OF PORK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Shulaev ◽  
◽  
R.K. Milushev
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Soya Flour ◽  
Large White ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed

The purpose - improve the quality of pig farming production through the use of functional feed additive at the final stage of feeding. The additive ingredients (in %): vitamin E - 0,32; vitamin D₃ - 0,30; vitamin C - 0,30; vitamin B₄ - 1,56; vitamin B₁₂ - 0,004; betaine - 10,00; %; bentonite - 77,166; Omek J – 0,15%; selen - 0,2 %; soya flour (filling substance) - 10,00. Components activity: vitamin E-50,0 of %; D₃ - 0,15,0 thousand ME in 1g; B₄ - 60,0 %; B₁₂ - 1,0%; Omek J - 2,0%; seleno-KI - 0,2 %. The functional feed additive is approved on fattened pigs of large white breed. Animals from control group received the mixed fodder constantly used in a factory, skilled - same as well as control, but the containing 1 % of the additive within 10 days before slaughter. Growth, some indicators of a metabolism, quality of meat are studied.

scholarly journals The effective use of Pietren breed at purebred and crossbred selection

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
O. Khmeliova ◽  
R. Stavetska
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Experimental Group

The article highlights the problem of finding optimal variants of breeding process in a herd of pigs at purebred and crossbred selection. For this purpose, the control and two experimental groups were formed: ♀ Pietrain × ♂ Pietrain (control), ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (first experimental group), ♀ (Pietrain × Durok) × ♂ Pitren (second experimental group). The analysis of the animals performance in these groups was carried out in 40, 30 and 35 parities, respectively. The research was conducted on the basis of PE «Maglevovany M.I.» in the Donetsk region. It has been established that the higher level of reproductive characteristics have sows of first experimental group, which have heredity of Large White breed, this breed is traditionally considered as a maternal form in cross-breeding schemes. For instance, their litter size at birth is higher than the same indicator in the control and second experimental group (plus 0,5, P<0,05, and 0,3 piglets, respectively); by the litter size at weaning at 28 days (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,6 piglets); by the litter size at 2 months (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,4 piglets). The highest piglet survival at the age of 2 months was in the litters, whose ancestor were boars of Pietrain breed (second experimental group) − plus 3,6 and 2,3 %, respectively, compered to purebred piglets of Pietrain breed and the first experimental group. For such complex indexes as the litter weight at weaning and litter weight at 2 months the first experimental group had an advantage of 18,1 kg (P<0,001) and 31,1 kg (P<0,001) over the control group (purebred Pietrain) and 5,4 kg and 7,6 kg − over the second experimental group. However, the average piglet weight of sows of second experimental group both at 28 days and at 2 months are equal to the average piglet weight of the same age of the first experimental group. The piglets, which are descendants of boars of meat breeds Duroc and Pietrain show a tendency to the faster growth even in an early age. The avarage live weight of pigs of the second experimental group at the age of 100 days and 7 months is higher compared to avarage live weight of pigs of the same age of the control and the first experimental groups – plus 8,5–21,7 kg (P<0,01 for the second experimental group) and 4,4–13,5 kg (P<0,001 for the second experimental group), respectively. At the age of 100 days, the maximum average daily gain was obtained in the second experimental group with an advantage of 190 g (P<0,001) compared to control group and 115 g (P<0,001) compared to the first experimental group. It is obvious that hybrids with the faster growth, which were obtained through crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain reach a live weight of 100 kg in a shorter period: they need less time needed to reach 100 kg of live weight – 32 days less (P<0,001 ) compared to purebred animals of Pietrain breed (control group) and 18 days less (P<0,001) compared to hybrids ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (the first control group). By such an indicator as the fat thickness the hybrids of the second experimental group dominate by purebred pigs of the same age of the control group (minus 0,2 mm), that characterize the low ability of meat breed for getting fat. The fat thickness of hybrids of the second experimental group was less by 0,9 mm (P<0,001) compared to the pigs of the first experimental group. Thus, in this herd in order to improve the reproductive qualities of sows, it is suggested to use the crossbreeding scheme ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White and to improve the fattening qualities of young animals the optimal is scheme of crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain. Key words: pigs, Pietrain, Large White, Duroc, purebred and crossbred selection, reproductive and fattening qualities.

The use of sorbents in the diets of pregnant sows

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
E. Ermolova ◽  
A. Bochkarev ◽  
C. Ermolov
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Experimental Group

Pig breeding in Russia is one of the most important branches of animal husbandry. The share of pig breeding currently accounts for about 20 % of the total gross livestock production of the country. The profitability of this type of animal husbandry is determined by several factors, the main of which is the expenditures of feed, which is an important indicator of any agricultural enterprise engaged in the production of pork. The purpose of the work was to study the use of sorbents in the diets of pregnant sows. Scientific and economic experiment has been carried out on 3 groups of pregnant sows of Large White breed for 19 heads into each on the base of CJSC “Uralbroiler” pig complex “Rodnikovsky” in the Krasnoarmeysky district in the Chelyabinsk region. The digestibility of crude protein in the 2nd experimental group was 75,46 % the differences between the 1st control and 2nd experimental groups for this indicator were at the level of 1,41 %. The digestibility of crude fiber in sows of the 2nd experimental group exceeded of analogues of the 1st control group by 4,97 %, crude fat by 5,24 %, amounting to 41,09 (Р ≤ 0,001) and 60,47 % (Р ≤ 0,05). The feed additive glauconite in the diets of sows of the 3rd experimental group also had a positive influence on the digestibility of the main nutrients of the diet. If in the 1st control group the digestibility of dry matter was 69,23 %, in the 3rd experimental group it has increased to 72,92 % (Р ≤ 0,01) or 3,69 %, and the difference in the digestibility of organic matter was 2,08 % reaching the value of 75,51 %. The best results in the digestibility of nutrients in the diet of sows have been observed in the 2nd experimental group when using the feed additive Nabikat.

scholarly journals NANOAKVAHELAT GERMANIUM AFFECT ON THE GROWTH OF PIGLETS DURING THE PRENATAL PERIOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Kuldonashvili ◽  
V. I. Sheremeta ◽  
V. G. Kaplunenko
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Growth Intensity ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

The experiment was carried out on cross-breed sows of Large White breed and Landrace of the first farrowing. The groups were formed by the principle of groups-analogues and according to a live weight (180-200 kg). Sows were artificially inseminated by semen of Duroc boars. The experimental animals after farrowing in the I group have been fed for three days with Glyutam 1M at a dose of 20 ml. Females in the II experimental group, from 1 to 9 days before farrowing and 10 days after it, have been fed with Nanoakvahelat Germanium (in aqueous solution) at a dose of 11.16 mg / kg. In addition, they have been fed for 3 days after farrowing with Glyutam 1M at a dose of 20 ml. Sows in the III experimental group have been fed with Nanoakvahelat Germanium at a dose of 11.16 mg/kg in a period of 4-9 days before farrowing and 10 days after it. Animals in the control group during the period from 1 to 9 days before farrowing and 10 days after it have been given in the feed a saline (20 ml). Glyutam 1M was fed after farrowing, so, it could not affect the weight of newborn piglets. This gives us an opportunity to combine the control and experimental groups. If to consider the fact, that in the II experimental group Glyutam 1M was also fed after the farrowing and could not affect the weight of newborn piglets; than sows of the II and the III groups were combined to determine the effect of feeding with Nanoakvahelat Germanium before farrowing on the live weight of newborn piglets. Data analysis shows, that a live weight of normal piglets in the experimental group was at the monitoring level, and the hypotrophous piglets’ weight was less by 6.7%. In the experimental group sows born hypotrophous piglets less by 12 head (15.8%) compared with the control one. Nanoakvahelat Germanium medicine could not affect at the total number of newborn piglets –as the number of these piglets is formed in the first days of gestating period, and the medicine has been fed for 1-9 days before farrowing. Therefore, a fewer hypotrophous piglets’ number in the experimental group with significantly less live weight (compared with control) may indicate, that Nanoakvahelat Germanium helped to increase the number of normal piglets. So we can assume, that the increase of the number of normal piglets, and the reduce of hypotrophous ones and their live weight (p ≤ 0,05), show us the effect of Germanium on the redistribution of nutrients: the fetuses with low growth intensity get nutrients from embryos with higher intensity. To confirm this hypothesis, the experimental piglets were divided into groups depending on the number of days of feeding of Nanoakvahelat Germanium to sows. A live weight of hypotrophous piglets was higher by 9.1% when feeding Nanoakvahelat Germanium from 1 to 5 days before farrowing compared to those ones, that have been fed for 6-7 days. And compared to feeding from 8 to 9 days the difference was within the margin of error. A weight of piglets was lower by 10.0% and 7.5% (6-7 days before farrowing) compared to the subgroups, where the medicine has been given for 1-5 and 8-9 days. In the subgroup of sows, which were injected with Germanium in a period of 6-7 days before the farrowing, the number of hypotrophous piglets with the lowest body weight was the highest among other groups. Herewith the number of normal piglets was the smallest. That is, the assumption that Germanium promotes redistribution of nutrients between fetuses is not true. The growth is largely dependent on the sex of the animal. In the experiment a live weight of newborn male and female piglets was nearly at the same level. It means that their growth intensity was almost the same. Comparative analysis (was held depending on the size of newborn of different sexes) shows, that in the control and experimental groups hypotrophous male piglets had a live weight less by 6.2% and 3.5%, and normal piglets’ weight was higher by 2.2% and 2.7% compared with females. Hypotrophous male and female piglets under research had a live weight less by 7.7% and 4.9% compared with control ones. But, newborns normal piglets were almost identical. The number of hypotrophous male and female piglets was lower by 1 and 11 head, and the number of normal piglets was higher by 8 and 5 head respectively. That is, that the hypothesis about the distribution of nutrients affected by Nanoakvahelat Germanium is confirmed. But it is only about male piglets. It should be noted, that there was only onehypotrophous pigletin the experimental group and it was a male one. Analysis of a live weight and the number of piglets depending on the total feeding dose shows, that a live weight of male piglets increases with the number of days of feeding of the medicine. Such changes of live weight and number of piglets depending on the total dose indirectly support the proposed hypothesis. Therefore, feeding sows with Nanoakvahelat Germanium from 1 to 9 days increases the number of normal newborn piglets without significant changes in their live weight, as well as this medicine leads to a slight increase in a live weight of male piglets.

Association between leptin receptor gene polymorphism and quality of both meat and back fat in large white pigs of ukrainian breeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
V. Balatsky ◽  
I. Bankovska ◽  
A. Saienko
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Large White ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Lepr Gene ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
White Breed

Leptin receptor is one of the components of the system of regulating energy homeostasis of the organism. Leptin receptor gene (LEPR) polymorphism is associated with pig carcass index of the content of intramus- cular fat in its valuable parts, which is particularly important when assessing the quality of their carcasses for processing. Intramuscular fat is associated with meat fl avor characteristics and partly determines its tenderness, juiciness, and other parameters. Aim. To analyze LEPR gene (SNP NM001024587.1, p. 1987 C > T) polymor- phism in populations of various pig breeds and to establish its relationship with the quality of both meat and fat of pigs of Large White breed of Ukrainian breeding. Methods. Genetic-population analysis of nine pig breeds, associative analysis on the search connection of LEPR gene polymorphism with quality of both meat and fat of pigs of Large White breed of Ukrainian breeding. LEPR locus genotyping was performed by High Resolution Melting (HRM). Results. All the studied breeds are characterized by polymorphism of the leptin receptor gene (SNP NM001024587.1, p. 1987 C > T), signifi cant breed specifi city in the distribution of frequencies of alleles was established. Statistically confi rmed effect (p < 0.05) of genotypes LEPR on the content of intramuscular fat, total dry matter and moisture in the meat, as well as the moisture content in the back fat of pigs of Ukrainian Large White breed was revealed. Higher content of intramuscular fat was found in the animals with genotype TT, while a smaller amount of intramuscular fat and more moisture in fat was revealed in heterozygotes. Conclusions. Genetic marker LEPR SNP NM001024587.1, p. 1987 C > T can be used in the marker-assisted selection to predict and improve the performance quality of the meat of pigs of Large White breed of the Ukrainian breeding. These results suggest that porcine leptin receptor gene controls the quality of fat comp- lex – inside muscles and in the dorsal part of the carcass.

Extruded lupine as a part of energy-protein concentrate in the ration of lactating cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Z. Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Experimental Group

In order to fi ll the existing protein defi ciency in the rations of farm animals in particular dairy cows it is necessary to input feed lupins as widely as possible in crop rotations. Lupin is a very versatile forage crop it can be used in feed as herbage, in the form of haylage, silage, in compound feed as a protein additive, as well as a green manure crop to increase soil fertility. Questions of protein nutrition should be to be quickly resolved, both in the production of protein and in its standardized rational use. Unbalanced protein rations increase feed consumption per unit of production, thereby increasing its prime cost. In the world soya is generally recognized as a protein feed, but in the Kaliningrad region as in most of regions in our country, it does not maturate being a heat-loving crop. Under these environments the inclusion of extruded lupine grain in the composition of energy-protein concentrates for the production of compound feed has become an alternative to replacing expensive soya. The researches have been carried out it the cattle farm of LLC “Temp” in the Guryevsky area in the Kaliningrad region (March-May 2019) on feeding lactating cows energy-protein concentrate from extruded grain of narrow-leaved lupine, fl ax, triticale, subjected to heat treatment on a press extruder. For this purpose two groups of lactating cows of Black-and-White breed (control and experimental) have been formed using the method of pairs of analogs per 11 heads in each. Cows of the control group have received the main ration of the farm, and cows of the experimental group in addition to the main ration have received compound feed with extruded energy-protein concentrate based on lupine. As a result of research, the positive infl uence of energy-protein concentrate based on lupine in compound feed on the dairy productivity of cows has been established. Recipes of concentrate and compound feed with concentrate for lactating cows, the volume of inclusion of components in the concentrate and in the compound feed have been calculated. During the experiment, the milk yield in the experimental group of cows has increased by 62,4 kg or 8,0 %, than in the control group. From the cows of the experimental group the conditional profi t has been received in the amount of 1684,8 rubles per head.

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