scholarly journals Phonetics teaching in terms of ethnic oriented education of "Russian as a foreign language" classes

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Tatiana Aleksandrovna Gimranova ◽  
Elena Ivanovna Kolosova ◽  
Lutsa Rada Aleksandrovna

The article raises the question of Russian language phonetics teaching in “Russian as a Foreign Language” (referred to as “RFL”) classes for an individual language student group. This study falls into the category of researches dedicated to the analysis of different approaches to ethnic oriented teaching of foreign languages. In particular, typical mistakes of Chinese students made at Russian phonetics lessons are analyzed. They exist not only due to the interference of two unrelated languages (Chinese and Russian), but also due to the features of various students’ Chinese dialects. The main analysis of the current research is the comparative method of unrelated languages analysis, which is set to describe features of phonological systems of Russian and Chinese languages, as well as to uncover typical articulation errors. This article defines the classification of typical pronunciation errors of all Chinese students, which is divided by the article’s authors into two types: interference and dialect errors. Authors come to the conclusion that ethnic oriented approach to the teaching of Russian language phonetics is quite productive, since it creates the possibility to analyze phonetic errors and problematic moments to the students who study foreign language by comparing them to the specific articulative and prosodic features of their native language. The framework of the current article and the given classification of typical errors can be quite helpful to the teachers of “RFL” classes in their pedagogic practices while preparing the classes with Chinese students, and it can attract the attention of expertise who are developing Russian phonetics courses and creating handbooks based on ethnic oriented approach.

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-432
Author(s):  
Duo Li ◽  

The Russian language is one of the richest languages ​of our time. Currently, more than 200 million people speak Russian. It is also one of the ten working languages ​​of the United Nations. The Russian language is one of the most difficult for foreign students to learn, which necessitates a better approach to the educational process. The article examines the study of the problem of increasing the effectiveness of teaching Chinese students Russian as a foreign language. A solution to the problem in the auxiliary application of video tutorials is proposed. An analysis of several existing video tutorials available online is being carried out. The article deals with the comparative method of difficult moments that may arise for Chinese students studying Russian. It is confirmed that the creation of a new video lesson and the linguo-methodological foundations of its implementation in the educational process are new and relevant.


2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Elena Ivanovna Kolosova ◽  
Tatiana Aleksandrovna Gimranova ◽  
Zhongyi Zheng

This article examines difficulties to teaching the Russian language grammar in “Russian as a Foreign Language” (referred to as “RFL”) classes to students from Chinese contingent. While learning Russian grammar, many students encounter a number of challenges, one of which is an attempt to transfer their native language knowledge onto the learning of a foreign language. Since grammar categories of different languages are not identical, the learner’s consciousness attempts to overlay one language onto another (phenomenon of interference), which in turn hinders the adequate learning of chosen language’s certain grammar category. Without a doubt, focusing on such cases and bearing in mind possible mistakes of such type while learning a certain grammar category focusing on features of students’ native language creates a deeper understanding of Russian language structure and prevents cases of interference. The current article is relevant to the number of studies related to the examination of approaches to the ethnic oriented education of foreign languages. A detailed analysis of inducement expression methods in Russian language as compared to those in Chinese language is considered highly relevant. Authors of the current study come to the conclusion that the introduction to the Russian imperative mood and its manifestation in language and speech can be presented with interest from the position of ethnic oriented approach to the teaching of “RFL” classes by combining the grammar aspects of language learning with culturological ones. The framework of this article and collected illustrative material can be of use to the “RFL” teachers in their pedagogical practice in the preparation and conduct of classes with Chinese students, as well as in preparation of training courses of Russian language grammar and in creation of teaching aids based on ethnic oriented approach.


2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
M. I. Kuznetsova

One of the goals of the Russian language course in the primary school is the formation of the communicative literacy. The content of the course should be aimed at understanding the wealth of linguistic means by primary school children; the formation of the ability to detect a violation of linguistic norms and the inadequacy of the linguistic means used in the speech situation; the accumulation of the experience in choosing of linguistic means in accordance with the peculiarities of the speech situation; the creation of oral and written texts that meet the criteria of content, connectivity, compliance with the norms of the Russian literary language. The article considers the classification of exercises that contribute to the formation of communicative literacy. The author gives the examples of exercises where the student acts in different roles: the student is an observer of the speech situation and analyzes the adequacy of the choice of linguistic means; the student is a direct participant in the given speech situation and makes a choice of language facilities; the student is offered to create the speech situation himself, to independently construct an oral and written text.


Author(s):  
Абудусаламу Ницзяти

Введение. Рассматривается проблема оптимизации обучения русскому языку как иностранному (РКИ) с помощью компьютерных технологий на этапе довузовской подготовки китайских студентов. Обучающиеся из Китая испытывают ряд трудностей, связанных с культурными, национальными особенностями, а также с большими различиями в принципах родного и русского языков. Цель – анализ практик использования компьютерных технологий на начальном этапе изучения РКИ китайскими студентами; постулирование необходимости использования уже существующих электронных учебных комплексов, а также создания новых. Материал и методы. Методология включила поиск информации, анализ на основе сплошной выборки, систематизацию. Результаты и обсуждение. Систематизирован опыт использования электронных ресурсов. В России за последние годы создано несколько электронно-методических комплексов, которые упрощают процесс освоения РКИ. С помощью этих комплексов студент может многократно воспроизвести обучающий материал. Описан эффективный опыт применения электронных курсов на этапе довузовской подготовки в Москве, Краснодаре, Воронеже и других городах. Большая часть компьютерных комплексов касается фонетики – сложного раздела для иностранных студентов. Часть комплексов создана по темам, которые изучаются значительно позже, например «Химия», «Экономика», «Литература». Отмечен недостаток узкотематических образовательных электронных материалов для студентов начального этапа. Для эффективного обучения и комфорта в чужой языковой среде обучающемуся можно предоставить интерактивные словари. Важно, что роль преподавателя не нивелируется в ходе использования электронных сред обучения. Заключение. Интерактивные курсы служат необходимым дополнительным элементом в системе обучения РКИ, но не могут заменить тьюторского сопровождения. Отмечена описательность научных работ о функционировании электронных курсов, значит, существует необходимость количественного измерения их эффективности с помощью социологических, педагогических и статистических методов, освещения результатов в общем педагогическом дискурсе. Introduction. The article deals with the problem of optimizing the teaching of Russian as a foreign language using computer technologies at the stage of pre-University training of Chinese students. Students from China experience a number of difficulties related to cultural, national characteristics, as well as large differences in the principles of their native and Russian languages. The aim of the work is to analyze the practices of using computer technologies at the initial stage of studying RCT by Chinese students; to postulate the need to use existing electronic educational complexes, as well as to create new ones. Material and methods. The methodology included information retrieval, continuous sampling analysis, and systematization. Results and discussion. The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the systematization of the described experience of using electronic resources and conclusions. In Russia, several electronic and methodological complexes have been created in recent years, which simplify the process of mastering Russian as a foreign language. Using them, the student can repeatedly reproduce the training material, return to it after some time. The effective experience of using e-courses at the stage of pre-University training is described. They are used in Moscow, Krasnodar, Voronezh and other cities. Most of the computer systems concern phonetics as a section of the Russian language. This is due to the complexity of this section for international students. The part is created on topics that are studied much later than the initial stage, for example, «Chemistry», «Economics», «Literature». We have noted the lack of narrowly thematic educational electronic materials for students of the initial stage. Also, for effective learning and comfort in a foreign language environment, students can be provided with interactive dictionaries. It is important that the role of the teacher is not leveled in the course of using electronic learning environments. Conclusion. Interactive courses serve as necessary additional elements in the training system of RCTS, but they cannot replace the tutor’s control by a live person. We noted the descriptive nature of scientific works on the functioning of e-courses, which means that there is a need to quantify their effectiveness using sociological, pedagogical and statistical methods, and to highlight the results in the General pedagogical discourse.


2021 ◽  
pp. 132-142
Author(s):  
Синхуа Ван ◽  
Анна Владимировна Курьянович

С опорой на собственный педагогический опыт в обучении русскому языку как иностранному в аудитории носителей китайского языка путем систематизации и обобщения имеющихся наработок авторы предлагают оригинальную концепцию, в русле которой описываются типы вторичных языковых личностей, выделяемые на основании компетентностного подхода. В ходе исследования привлекаются сравнительно-сопоставительный метод, наблюдение и метод научного описания. Полученные в ходе исследования результаты позволяют говорить о том, что в изучении деятельности вторичной языковой личности, направленной на овладение русским языком как иностранным, наиболее эффективным видится применение компетентностного подхода. Данный подход позволяет изучать вторичную языковую личность в динамике становления ее компетентностных свойств на каждом выделенном этапе развития: становления вторичной языковой личности как пользователя иностранным языком, формирования у инофона системы специальных знаний и навыков в отношении изучаемого языка, профессионального владения иностранным языком. Представленная типология вторичных языковых личностей, выделенная на основании компетентностного подхода, может найти применение в современной лингводидактике. The current stage of world historical development is characterized by a tendency towards economic and cultural rapprochement between countries and peoples, which forms a certain social order in the use of functional capabilities of both native and foreign languages by carriers in order to implement strategically important life tasks: educational, industrial, everyday – household, scientific, cultural. Mastering the Russian language by a foreign native speaker should take into account the achievements of a number of branches of scientific knowledge: linguodidactics, general pedagogy and psychology, theories of speech and textual activity, the theory of linguistic personality, psycholinguistics, communication science, subject methodology (theory and practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language). Based on their own pedagogical experience in teaching Russian as a foreign language in the audience of native Chinese speakers, by systematizing and generalizing the existing developments, the authors propose an original concept, in which the types of secondary linguistic personalities are described, distinguished on the basis of the competence approach. In the course of the study, the comparative method, observation and the method of scientific description are involved. Mastering a foreign language marks a certain level of competence characteristics of an inauthentic speaker. The most “advanced” level of proficiency in Russian as a foreign language presupposes the conscious use of the resources of the language, expressed in the ability to correctly assess the situation in terms of relevance, ethics and communicative expediency of use. From these positions, a secondary linguistic personality is understood as a carrier who masters a foreign language in an authentic socio-cultural context and relying on it in order to implement the tasks of effective multicultural communication. At the same time, the carrier demonstrates a certain level of development of competencies: linguistic, linguocultural, intercultural and communicative. The results obtained in the course of the study allow us to say that in the study of the activity of a secondary linguistic personality aimed at mastering Russian as a foreign language, the most effective is the use of a competence-based approach. This approach allows us to study the secondary linguistic personality in the dynamics of the formation of its competence properties at each stage of development that we have identified: the formation of the secondary linguistic personality as a user of a foreign language, the formation of a system of special knowledge and skills in the foreign language in relation to the target language, professional knowledge of a foreign language. The presented typology of secondary linguistic personalities, highlighted on the basis of the competence-based approach, can be used in modern linguodidactics.


Author(s):  
Marina Novika ◽  
Anna Ščuka

The purpose of the paper is to determine the most typical and frequently used orthograms to pay attention to, when teaching Russian as a foreign language in a primary school. Our practical experience of teaching and our observation of the process of learning Russian as a foreign language allows us to state and suggest that schools lack systematic and focused teaching of Russian orthography. Pupils make a lot of mistakes because they do not understand the reason why such mistakes occur, they lack orthographic vigilance, i.e., the ability and skills to determine an orthographically “dangerous place”. Most teachers do not include practices and spelling skills of forming orthographic literacy into the context of their class activities and do not know practices of working on orthograms of different types and origin. It is considered that pupils learn Russian orthography through listening comprehension and through books and, thus, remember and memorize the spelling of different words well enough. It is believed that the pupil’s first step in the creation of a system of exercises to form orthographic literacy is the development of a classification of orthograms that are topical and frequent in teaching Russian as a foreign language in a primary school (forms 6–9). Similar research was conducted several decades ago, therefore, it is now necessary to develop and determine the methodology as well as technology for conducting an experiment and revealing the currently most typical orthographic and spelling mistakes. The classification of orthograms has been made with account of a comparative analysis of phonetic, orthographic and graphic systems of the Russian and Latvian languages. For the Latvian audience, it is expedient to single out phonetic and non-phonetic orthograms. Phonetic orthograms are those caused by underdeveloped phonemic awareness, interference of Latvian pronunciation and incorrect articulation of Russian sounds (seven types have been singled out). Non-phonetic orthograms (morphologic and traditional) are true orthograms and their spelling causes difficulties for both Latvian and Russian pupils. To determine the frequency and quality of mistakes in the Russian language, we have performed a diagnostic assessment. The data of our practical research can be used in forecasting mistakes of pupils who study Russian as a foreign language, creating a system of monitoring skills and abilities in writing, developing tests and exercises to contribute to the improvement of orthographic literacy of pupils.


Author(s):  
Yulia B. Martynenko

When teaching Russian as a foreign language, anthroponyms act both as an object of study and as material for teaching Russian as a foreign language. The article points out the difficulties that Chinese students most often encounter in studying the Russian anthroponymic system, and ways to overcome them. The greatest difficulty in mastering Russian anthroponyms is associated with the three-component structure of Russian anthroponyms – distinguishing the name, patronymic and last name and using them in speech, so the teacher of Russian as a foreign language is faced with the task of introducing students to Russian anthroponymic formulas of speech etiquette. When teaching Chinese students Russian anthroponyms, it is effective to use a cognitive-regional geographic approach, which will improve the level of language skills and the general cultural level of students.


2021 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Д.Р. Валеева

Цель статьи – сопоставить русское деепричастие c испанским герундием и описать специфику презентации материала по теме «Деепричастие» испаноговорящим студентам. Методология работы основана на анализе и обобщении научно-педагогических трудов отечественных и зарубежных ученых в области преподавания грамматики. Несмотря на определенные сходства русского деепричастия с испанским герундием, нельзя отождествлять исследуемые грамматические формы. Автором также обосновывается целесообразность применения сопоставительного метода в преподавании, поскольку сравнение деепричастия с герундием на занятиях позволяет испаноязычным учащимся быстрее усвоить материал, избежать ошибок в употреблении деепричастия и, следовательно, достичь наилучших результатов в области овладения русской грамматикой. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of similarity and difference between the adverbial participle and the Spanish gerund and describe the specifics of the presentation of the material on the topic «The adverbial participle» for the Hispanic audience. The methodology of work is based on the analysis and generalization of scientific and pedagogical papers of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of teaching grammar. When writing the article, the author also used textbooks on the Russian language for foreign students. The analysis of the scientific literature made it possible to reveal certain similarities between the adverbial participle and the Spanish gerund. But the article reveals the fact that it is nevertheless impossible to identify the investigated grammatical forms. The author justifies the advisability of applying a comparative method in teaching. Comparison of Russian adverbial participle with Spanish gerund during classes allows Hispanic students more quickly learn the material, avoid mistakes in the use of adverbial participles and, consequently to achieve the best results in the field of mastering Russian grammar.


2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 276-288
Author(s):  
Ekaterina A. Romanova ◽  
◽  
Marina A. Volkova ◽  
Li Baohun ◽  
◽  
...  

Introduction. The actual problem of organizing the process of foreign language teaching in modern conditions is the selection and application of appropriate information technologies to increase students' motivation, form an interest in learning a foreign language, implement pedagogical tasks, optimize the learning process and carry out regular interaction with students within the educational process. At the same time, it is important to take into account the preference of the students themselves to choose one or another technology, since a significant part of Chinese students who learn Russian in China then continue studying it in Russian universities. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis between foreign students studying in Russian and Chinese universities on the preferences in the use of modern information technology, as well as the way of interaction with the teacher when studying Russian. Research methods. The study involved 417 foreign students from Russian and Chinese universities. The main methods of research: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, survey method, comparative analysis method. The φ-Fisher's test was used to establish statistically significant differences between the two groups. Results. International students from Russian universities use educational videos on the Russian language more often than students from Chinese universities (φemp = 3.591; p < 0.01). The educational platform Coursera is more often used by students studying at Chinese universities (φemp = 3.632; p < 0.01). Mobile applications were more frequently used by Chinese university students (φemp = 4.048; p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the frequency of use of voice assistants, online excursions and virtual travel services, educational environments, web quests, and educational podcasts during the study. The study of students' preferences in choosing a method of interaction with the teacher showed that 70% like to communicate with the teacher via messengers and 52% of respondents are ready to communicate with the teacher via videoconferencing. However, on average 85% responded that they prefer to study Russian in the classroom. Conclusion. The results of the study can be taken into account by teachers working with Chinese students when choosing modern information technologies, as well as ways of interaction with students in the framework of Russian language teaching.


Author(s):  
Ekaterina Budnik ◽  
Sofia Bankova ◽  
Maria Shilenko

The Russian language continues to maintain a leading position as a foreign language in China. Every day students have to work with much information in Russian. According to the confirmed data, the Chinese are representatives of cultures of the right-brain type of thinking. Today some works touch on the psychological and pedagogical aspects and linguo-methodological foundations of teaching Chinese students. The researchers believe it is possible to classify Chinese students as individuals with a significant dominance of the brain's right hemisphere. This is related to the specificity of the cognitive style of their educational activity, which manifests itself in the following features: in an inductive, concrete-nonlinear type of thinking, which allows one to perceive information holistically, at one time, in establishing connections not from word to word, but from image to word, with an important role of a visual image. Leading methodologists and psycholinguists recommend considering the dominance of the right hemisphere to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of teaching Russian as a foreign language to Chinese. Nevertheless, the design of the educational material of the lesson is still formalized in a traditional, textual form. The article aims to experimentally answer the question: in what form, textual or schematic, Chinese students perceive and remember information better. The authors used an experimental method, which consisted in studying the development of educational material depending on the form of presentation: text or schematic. As a result of the experiment, it was revealed that Chinese students make much fewer mistakes when studying the material in a schematic form. 


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