scholarly journals Effects of different doses of aspirin on the liver and kidney functions of the female albino rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Nuha SH. Ali ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Different Doses

scholarly journals Hepatic and Renal Toxicity Induced by TiO2 Nanoparticles in Rats: A Morphological and Metabonomic Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Valentini ◽  
Pascaline Rugira ◽  
Annica Frau ◽  
Vanessa Tagliatti ◽  
Raphaël Conotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
White Pigment ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Physiological Alterations ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Enzymatic Markers ◽  
Treatment Dosage ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Doses

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are produced abundantly and are frequently used as a white pigment in the manufacture of paints, foods, paper, and toothpaste. Despite the wide ranges of uses, there is a lack of information on the impact of NPs on animal and human health. In the present study, rats were exposed to different doses of TiO2 nanoparticles and sacrificed, respectively, 4 days, 1 month, and 2 months after treatment. Dosage of TiO2 in tissues was performed by ICP-AES and revealed an important accumulation of TiO2 in the liver. The nanoparticles induced morphological and physiological alterations in liver and kidney. In the liver, these alterations mainly affect the hepatocytes located around the centrilobular veins. These cells were the site of an oxidative stress evidenced by immunocytochemical detection of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Kupffer cells are also the site of an important oxidative stress following the massive internalization of TiO2 nanoparticles. Enzymatic markers of liver and kidney functions (such as AST and uric acid) are also disrupted only in animals exposed to highest doses. The metabonomic approach allowed us to detect modifications in urine samples already detectable after 4 days in animals treated at the lowest dose. This metabonomic pattern testifies an oxidative stress as well as renal and hepatic alterations.

scholarly journals AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF CAROB AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON WATER PIPE SMOKE INDUCED-TOXICITY IN ADULT MALE ALBINO RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Mona Abdel Rahman ◽  
Fatma Elzahraa H. Salem ◽  
Amira A. Bauomy ◽  
Mona Ahmed Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Lung Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Kidney Functions

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate the daily effect of pre and post treatment of carob aqueous extract (600 mg/kg b. wt.); on rats exposed to were exposed to water pipe smoke (10 mg/kg; 15 minutes) for 2, 4, 6 and 8 w.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rats were divided into 6 groups; 1<sup>st</sup> group was served as a control. Rats of the 2<sup>nd</sup> group were administered amiodarone (an antiarrhythmic medication used as a model for lung toxicity) at a dose level of 30 mg/kg. The rats of 3<sup>rd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> groups were exposed to water pipe smoke and treated with carob extract respectively. However, the two remaining groups (5<sup>th</sup> and 6<sup>th</sup>) were the pre-and post-treatment groups with carob extract respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Amiodarone and water pipe smoke induced a significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP); on the contrary, induced a significant decrease in serum total protein and albumin. In addition; serum creatinine and urea showed a significant increase; as well as; amiodarone and water pipe smoke increased the oxidative stress (malondialdehyde/glutathione; MDA/GSH) in lung tissue homogenate. While; carob extract gavage showed protective and curative effects in liver and kidney functions; in addition; it decreased MDA level and increased GSH level significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Finally, we can conclude that the carob aqueous extract treatment revealed ameliorative effects on rats were exposed to water pipe smoke.</p>

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF TURMERIC (CURCUMA LONGA) IN RIFAMPICIN AND ISONIAZID-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
MAHDI M THUAWAINI ◽  
MAWAHIB B GASIM AL-FARHAAN ◽  
KARIMA F ABBAS
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Kidney Functions

Objectives: The present study was designed to estimate the influences of oral administration of aqueous extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa) in hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced in rats by isoniazid and rifampicin (RIF) for 4 weeks. Influences were determined through the estimation of liver and kidney functions and histopathological changes. Materials and Methods: A total of 48 male albino rats were randomly divided into six groups: Normal control, INH+RIF treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 100 mg/kg treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 100 mg/kg + INH and RIF treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 200 mg/kg treated rats, Turmeric aqueous extract 200 mg/kg+ INH and RIF treated rats. Turmeric aqueous extract and INH + RIF (50 mg/kg bwpo, daily) were given for 4 weeks. Liver and kidney function markers (aspartate transaminase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT], alanine phosphatase [ALP], bilirubin, blood urea, and creatinine) were determined enzymatically. In addition, tissues of liver and kidney were quickly separated and fixed in 10% formalin and subjected to histopathological studies. Statistical analysis was carried out using t-test. Results: The aqueous extract of turmeric (at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg bw, p.o. daily ) showed hepato- and reno-protective effects in hepato- and reno- toxicity induced by RIF and INH in rats. Significant elevation of serum ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, and total protein, due to RIF and INH treatment, were significantly decreased. The histopathological study further confirmed the biochemical results. Conclusion: Results of the present study indicated that turmeric has hepatoprotective and renoprotective action against RIF- and INH-induced hepatic and renal injury in rats.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF METHOMYL AND IMIDACLOPRID ON LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTIONS IN MALE ALBINO RATS

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 5009-5018
Author(s):  
M .H. Salem ◽  
M. Saad ◽  
Olfat Radwan ◽  
Naglaa Younes
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions

scholarly journals Edible Mushroom significantly ameliorated Hepatorenal Toxicity of Butyl Paraben (BP) in Albino Rats.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassahun berhane
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Kidney Function Tests ◽  
Vascular Congestion ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Kidney Functions

Abstract Introduction: Parabens are used commonly as preservatives in a range of cosmetics applied to the under arm and breast area as well as popular preservatives because of their cost.Aim of the work: This study was done to evaluate the neprohepatic toxicity of parabens. Materials and methods: Thirty adult female rats were used and given paraben orally for six months at parabens at dose of 10 % of the LD50 equal to 4.6mg\kg.bw. Mushroom was given orally to at dose of 10 mg/kg/day for six months too. Results: Oral administration of BP induced biochemical and histopathological changes. Biochemical changes: BP toxicity manifested by changes in the liver and kidney function tests manifested by increase AST, ALT, Bilirubin, urea and createnine with decreases to plasma proteins in comparison to control group. Giving mushroom caused amelioration to the nephrohepatic toxicity by inducing recovery in liver and kidney functions in comparison to paraben treated group. For histopathological findings: BP induced vascular congestion in liver and kidney in association with necrotic changes in the hepatorenal epithelium which improved after mushroom treatment. Conclusion: BP induced hepatorenal toxicity which improved by mushroom treatment.

scholarly journals Phytochemical, Biochemical and Biological Evaluation of Five Herbal Bitters Sold in Pharmacy Shops in Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
S. O. Onugwu ◽  
C. O. Ezugwu ◽  
U. E. Odoh ◽  
A. L. Onugwu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Kidney Functions

Aim: This study investigated the phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of five herbal bitters and their potential effect on body weight, lipid profile, hematology, liver and kidney functions of albino rats. Methods: Five brands of herbal bitters (Goko Cleanser®, Ruzu Bitter®, Yoyo Bitter®, Swedish Bitter® and Beta Cleanser®) were tested for the presence of phytochemical constituents. Antimicrobial activity was evaluatedby agar diffusion method. The weights of the animals were taken before treatment, and on day 7, 14, 21 and 28 post treatments with the herbal bitters. Blood levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, PCV, haemoglobin, AST, ALT, ALP, urea and creatinine were measured. Results: Glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, steroid, saponins, phenolic compounds were present while reducing sugar, amino acid and hydrogen cyanide were absent in the five bitters. All the five bitters showed moderate to potent antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in body weight and a significant increase in catalase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase activities. There was also a significant reduction in total cholesterol and an increase in HDL. The PCV of the treated animals increased significantly while the haemoglobin was not affected significantly. The liver and kidney functions were not significantly altered. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, Goko Cleanser®, Ruzu Bitter®, Yoyo Bitter®, Swedish Bitter® and Beta Cleanser® possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and may help to reduce body weight and hypercholesterolemia.

scholarly journals Impact of different doses of Malathion on the selected blood parameter in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
C.D. Sharma ◽  
Geeta Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Parameter ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Home Gardening ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Different Doses

Malathion is an organophosphate pesticides commonly used to eradicate the pest of agricultural crops. It is routinely used to protect the ornamental and home gardening plants. Malathion is found in market by its trade name called cythion. In Indian scenario farmers and spray men use pesticide in their fields ignoring its toxicological effects. The main target organs of any toxicant in human body are liver and kidney.Present study is based on the effects of different dose of Malathion on blood biochemical parameter like blood sugar, blood urea, creatinine and bilirubin. These four parameters are used to observe the behavior of liver and kidney in albino rats. Four doses of Malathion has been selected as 25 mg, 50mg, 75mg and 100mg per kilogram body weight per day for 7 days and 15 days of treatment. Findings indicate that at normal condition the value of sugar was 121.54 +14.44 mg/dl , blood urea  41.27 + 3.13 mg/dl , blood bilirubin 0.76 + 0.10 mg/dl and value of creatinine was observed as 0.85 + 00.52 mg/dl. with different doses of Malathion after 7 and 15 days the  value of blood sugar significantly decreases upto 78.52 + 10.25 mg/dl at higher dose while blood urea value significantly increased up to 50.88+4.8 mg/dl, the value of creatinine significantly increased 1.05 + 0.18 mg/dl and bilirubin also increased significantly 2.20 +0.64mg/ dl. The fluctuation in parameter represents the abnormal behavior of liver and kidney of albino rats due to the toxicity of pesticide.

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