scholarly journals Demodex spp. (Acari: Demodicidae) infection in healthy young adults in Poland – occurrence and risk factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Dzika ◽  
Katarzyna Kubiak ◽  
Joanna Korycińska ◽  
Małgorzata Lepczyńska ◽  
Hanna Szymańska
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Skin Type ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Skin Symptom ◽  
Eyelid Skin ◽  
The Face ◽  
Demodex Mites

Introduction: Demodex mites are associated with various symptoms pertaining to facial and eyelid skin in humans. Demodicosis is often reported in elderly people, above 50 years of age. In young adults, the Demodex spp. infection is less common and is asymptomatic or the symptoms are mild. Aim: The aim was to evaluate the occurrence of Demodex spp. in healthy young adults in Poland and analyze the associations between the presence of mites, participants gender and skin type, with regards to hygienic practices and symptoms. Material and methods: The content of facial sebaceous glands and eyelash follicles was examined in a group of 94 people, aged 18–32 years. Metric data and information about face and eyelid skin symptom occurrence, skin type and hygienic practices were collected by diagnostic survey. Results and discussion: Demodex spp. was identified in 21.3% of subjects. In 45% and 30% of carriers Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis occurred, respectively. A mixed infestation in 25% of subjects was detected. Demodex infestation was slightly higher in people with oily and mixed skin (23.5%), compared to those with dry and normal skin (18.6%). No significant influence of shared hygienic accessories on the level of Demodex spp. infection were observed. The skin symptoms of the face and eyelids were reported at 75% for subjects positive for Demodex. Conclusions: Demodex mites are often prevalent in healthy young adults in Poland in both the sebaceous glands of the face and hair follicles. While diagnosing face and eyelid skin diseases in young people, Demodex spp. infection should be considered.

scholarly journals Hair Follicle Nevus with Sebaceous Hyperplasia: A Dermoscopic Observation

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutoshi Harada ◽  
Yuichiro Kato ◽  
Yukihiko Kato ◽  
Ryoji Tsuboi
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
The Face ◽  
Diagnostic Usefulness ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Histopathological Investigation

We herein report a case of hair follicle nevus, a rare hamartoma found on the face and showing follicular differentiation, which was associated with sebaceous hyperplasia. Dermoscopy of the lesion showed yellow globules surrounded by crown vessels/telangiectasias and scattered tiny hairs. Histopathological investigation revealed hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands and proliferation of well-differentiated vellus hair follicles. These pathological findings were thought to correspond to the yellowish globules and tiny hairs observed under dermoscopy. Hair follicle nevus associated with sebaceous hyperplasia is extremely rare; however, dermoscopic examination can suggest an appropriate diagnosis. The present case proved the diagnostic usefulness of dermoscopy for cutaneous tumors with hair follicular and sebaceous glandular differentiation.

scholarly journals Case Report. A Case Report of Adult Acne

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Ivelina A. Yordanova ◽  
Desislava D. Tsvetanova ◽  
Diana D. Strateva ◽  
Pavlina D. Yordanova-Laleva ◽  
Dimitar K. Gospodinov
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Diseases ◽  
The Face ◽  
Sebum Production

Summary Acne vulgaris is among the commonest inflammatory skin diseases affecting pilosebaceous units. It occurs mainly in puberty and affects adolescents at the age of 14-19 years both females and males, in relation to sebum production of hair follicles under the action of sex hormones. Clinically the disease is presented with comedones, papules, pustules, nodules and scars in some cases. Seborrheic areas face, chest and back are affected. Recent epidemiologic studies have shown significant number of female patients aged over 25 years with acne and the term Adult onset acne (AOA)was established.The latter is manifested clinically in the lower third of the face. Primary etiological cause of AOAisahormonal imbalance, mainly hyperandrogenemia. Acase ofa25-year-old woman with adult acne and elevated levels of testosterone and prolactine is presented in this paper.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Demodex folliculorum in the Combination of Allergic Rhinitis and Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz ARLİ ◽  
Muge OZSAN ◽  
Eren GURKAN ◽  
Ozlem AYCAN KAYA ◽  
Umeyya KOKACYA
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Demodex Folliculorum ◽  
The Face ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Demodex Mites ◽  
Nose And Throat

Background: Demodex mites are permanent ectoparasites of human pilosebaceous unit. They mainly infect skin of the face and scalp. Many studies have shown higher density of the ectoparasites in diseased inflammatory skin than in normal skin. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Demodex folliculorum (DF) in treatment-resistant patients with the combination of allergic rhinitis (AR) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Method: This study was conducted in 2014-2017. It included 92 patients aged 18-70 years who presented at the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) and Endocrinology Polyclinics of Mustafa Kemal University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. An age and gender matched control group was formed of 30 healthy individuals. To determine the presence of DF, a few eyelashes were taken from eyelids in both groups. Then samples were examined under a light microscope. Results: DF positivity was determined in 44 (47.8%) of the 92 patients and in 1 (3.3%) of the 30 control group subjects. In the patient group, DF positivity was evaluated as present in 14 (43.7%) of the DM patients, in 12 (40%) of the AR patients and in 18 (60%) of the AR+DM patients. Statistically significant DF incidence was found in all three patient groups compared to the control group (P=0.001). The incidence in AR + DM group was not different from other patient groups. Conclusion: DM, AR, advanced age and obesity had prepared the environment for Demodex infestations. This issue should be considered especially in treatment of patients with AR+DM.

scholarly journals Eccrine Hidradenoma of the Nasal Vestibule: A Rare Clinical Entity

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132199501
Author(s):  
Yong-Il Cheon ◽  
Sung-Dong Kim ◽  
Kyung-Un Choi ◽  
Kyu-Sup Cho
Keyword(s):  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Nasal Vestibule ◽  
Rare Benign Tumor ◽  
Anterior Trunk ◽  
Transnasal Endoscopic Approach

Eccrine hidradenoma is a relatively rare benign tumor of sweat gland origin but with possible malignant transformation. It usually consists of solitary, well-demarcated papules or nodules covered with normal skin. Common sites of involvement are the scalp, face, limbs, and anterior trunk. Although the lining of the nasal vestibule includes hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands, an eccrine hidradenoma originating in the nasal vestibule has yet to be reported. Herein, we describe a rare clinical presentation of nasal eccrine hidradenoma, treated successfully using a transnasal endoscopic approach.

scholarly journals Non-invasive human skin transcriptome analysis using mRNA in skin surface lipids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayoshi Inoue ◽  
Tetsuya Kuwano ◽  
Yuya Uehara ◽  
Michiko Yano ◽  
Naoki Oya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Skin Physiology ◽  
Surface Lipids ◽  
Skin Surface Lipids

Non-invasive acquisition of mRNA data from the skin would be extremely useful for understanding skin physiology and diseases. Inspired by the holocrine process, in which the sebaceous glands secrete cell contents into the sebum, we focused on the possible presence of mRNAs in skin surface lipids (SSLs). We found that measurable human mRNAs exist in SSLs, where sebum protects them from degradation by RNases. The AmpliSeq transcriptome analysis was modified to measure SSL-RNAs, and our results revealed that SSL-RNAs predominantly contained mRNAs derived from sebaceous glands, epidermis, and hair follicles. Analysis of SSL-RNAs non-invasively collected from patients with atopic dermatitis revealed significantly increased expression of inflammation-related genes and decreased expression of terminal differentiation-related genes, consistent with the results of previous reports. Further, we found that lipid synthesis-related genes were downregulated in the sebaceous glands of patients with atopic dermatitis. These results indicate that the analysis of SSL-RNAs is promising to understand the pathophysiology of skin diseases.

Inefficient Encoding as an Explanation for Age-Related Deficits in Recollection-Based Processing

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Friedman ◽  
Ray Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
Episodic Memories

A cardinal feature of aging is a decline in episodic memory (EM). Nevertheless, there is evidence that some older adults may be able to “compensate” for failures in recollection-based processing by recruiting brain regions and cognitive processes not normally recruited by the young. We review the evidence suggesting that age-related declines in EM performance and recollection-related brain activity (left-parietal EM effect; LPEM) are due to altered processing at encoding. We describe results from our laboratory on differences in encoding- and retrieval-related activity between young and older adults. We then show that, relative to the young, in older adults brain activity at encoding is reduced over a brain region believed to be crucial for successful semantic elaboration in a 400–1,400-ms interval (left inferior prefrontal cortex, LIPFC; Johnson, Nessler, & Friedman, 2013 ; Nessler, Friedman, Johnson, & Bersick, 2007 ; Nessler, Johnson, Bersick, & Friedman, 2006 ). This reduced brain activity is associated with diminished subsequent recognition-memory performance and the LPEM at retrieval. We provide evidence for this premise by demonstrating that disrupting encoding-related processes during this 400–1,400-ms interval in young adults affords causal support for the hypothesis that the reduction over LIPFC during encoding produces the hallmarks of an age-related EM deficit: normal semantic retrieval at encoding, reduced subsequent episodic recognition accuracy, free recall, and the LPEM. Finally, we show that the reduced LPEM in young adults is associated with “additional” brain activity over similar brain areas as those activated when older adults show deficient retrieval. Hence, rather than supporting the compensation hypothesis, these data are more consistent with the scaffolding hypothesis, in which the recruitment of additional cognitive processes is an adaptive response across the life span in the face of momentary increases in task demand due to poorly-encoded episodic memories.

Self perceived oro-facial behaviour and malocclusion among young adults in Hyderabad city

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasari Tejaswini ◽  
Suhas Kulkarni ◽  
Dolar Doshi ◽  
Adepu Srilatha
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic alterations in the face can be self-perceived and can affect quality of life in young adults.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of malocclusion on self- perceived oro-facial behaviour among young adults.MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted among 638 young adults (aged 18–21 years) of Hyderabad city. One college from each of the five zones of the Hyderabad city (five colleges) were selected by simple random sampling procedure. A 21-item Oro-facial investment scale (OFIS) questionnaire assessing self-perceived oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) assessing the severity of malocclusion was used. Data were analysed with standard statistical software (SPSS, Statistical package for the social sciences, version 20.0). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMales had higher mean scores for knowledge (2.90 ± 0.49) than females (2.73 ± 0.82) and was statistically significant (p = 0.002*). No statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to attitude and practice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference in all the three scores (knowledge, attitude, practice) with respect to age, with significantly high score for knowledge and practice among 18 year old subjects (p = 0.0001*; p = 0.0003* respectively) and attitude among 21 year old subjects (p = 0.0049*). No statistically significant age, gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores. Upon correlation, DAI significantly and positively correlated with knowledge (p = 0.03*) and attitude (p = 0.0001*).ConclusionThis study has shown significant impact of malocclusion on the self-perceived oro-facial behaviour.

A histological examination of the holding sacs and glandular scent organs of some bat species (Emballonuridae, Hipposideridae, Phyllostomidae, Vespertilionidae, and Molossidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
William MR Scully ◽  
M B Fenton ◽  
A SM Saleuddin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Microscope Examination ◽  
Scent Gland ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Saccopteryx Bilineata ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using histological techniques at the light-microscope level, we examined and compared structure and sexual dimorphism of the wing sacs and integumentary glandular scent organs of 11 species of microchiropteran bats. The antebrachial wing sacs of the Neotropical emballonurids Peropteryx macrotis, Saccopteryx bilineata, and Saccopteryx leptura differed in size and location but lacked sudoriferous and sebaceous glands, confirming that they were holding sacs rather than glandular scent organs. Glandular scent organs from 11 species consisted of sebaceous and (or) sudoriferous glands in emballonurids (P. macrotis, S. bilineata, S. leptura, Taphozous melanopogon, Taphozous nudiventris), hipposiderids (Hipposiderous fulvus, Hipposiderous ater), the phyllostomid Sturnira lilium, the vespertilionid Rhogeessa anaeus, and molossids (Molossus ater and Molossus sinaloe). Glandular scent organs were located on the face (H. fulvus, H. ater), gular region (S. bilineata, P. macrotis, T. melanopogon, M. ater, M. sinaloe), chest (T. nudiventris), shoulder (S. lilium), or ears (R. anaeus). Glandular scent organs showed greater similarities within than between families, and typically were rudimentary or lacking in females. Scanning electron microscope examination revealed that the hairs associated with glandular areas of male T. melanopogon were larger and had a different cuticular-scale pattern than body hairs. These were osmetrichia, hairs specialized for holding and dispersing glandular products. In S. lilium, hairs associated with the shoulder scent-gland area were larger than body hairs but similar in cuticular-scale pattern.

scholarly journals All sites but skin cancer incidences analyzed worldwide by sex, age, and skin type over time (1955-2007), advancing age, and UVB dose reveals important carcinogenic drivers

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Dianne E. Godar ◽  
Rossen Gurov ◽  
Stephen J. Merrill
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Skin Type ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Over Time

Because we observed increasing incidences over time, advancing age, higher estrogen levels, decreasing UVB (290-315 nm) doses, or lower vitamin D3, and Human Papillomavirus hiding in immune-privileged sites of hair follicles play roles in melanoma, we wondered if the majority of cancers might have similar carcinogenic drivers. To investigate this possibility, we performed worldwide analysis of all sites but skin cancer over time (1955-2007), advancing age, and UVB doses for males and females with all skin types and ages (0-85+) and in five age groups using IARC data. To investigate Human Papillomavirus’s role, we analyzed the incidences of breast, prostate, and colon cancers in a developed country with European ancestry (New Zealand) having high amounts of androgenic hair and a developing country with Asian ancestry (India) having low amounts of androgenic hair. To potentially add epidemiology to the already established role of estrogen in cancer, we analyzed males and females in various countries around the world using the incidence of breast cancer (> 70 yr.) as an established indicator of estrogen levels. The analysis reveals cancer incidences are steadily increasing over time in developed but not developing countries regardless of skin type. Only US white, but not black, breast, prostate, and colon cancer incidences in the oldest age group significantly decreased with increasing UVB dose suggesting a role for vitamin D3. The data suggests the carcinogenic drivers in many cancers are estrogen, increasing age (or reactive oxygen species), decreasing vitamin D3 levels, and persistence of Human Papillomavirus infection in immune-privileged sites.

Treatment of Leg and Face Veins with a Cryogen Spray, Variable Pulse Width 1064 nm Nd:Yag Laser—A Prospective Study of 47 Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Y. Li ◽  
Sorin Eremia
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Skin Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Fluences ◽  
Vein Segment ◽  
The Face ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Reticular Veins

Objective: Throughout the 1990s, laser treatment of leg veins was a challenge. Newer, longer wavelength lasers capable of delivering high fluences with larger spot sizes with a variable pulse width have shown promising preliminary results. Experience with these lasers for treatment of facial telangiectasia and periorbital reticular veins is even more scant. To our knowledge this is the first prospective study to evaluate a variable pulse width, cryogen spray—equipped 1064 nm Nd:Yag laser for both the treatment of leg and face veins, including larger periorbital reticular veins. Materials and Methods: Forty-seven volunteers aged 32–67 years (30 with skin type I-V with leg telangiectasia and reticular veins, and 17 with skin type I-IV with face telangiectasia and reticular periorbital veins) were treated with the Nd:Yag laser. For leg vein patients, 2–3 sets of different leg veins were treated with a maximum of 3 treatments. Patients were examined 1 week after each treatment and at 1, 2, and 3 months after the last treatment. All face vein patients received 1 treatment and were examined at 1 month posttreatment. Treatment parameters for both leg and face veins varied with the size of vessels being treated. Pre- and posttreatment 35 mm photos were taken. Improvement was judged by 2 experienced physicians both visually on patients and by comparison of pre- and posttreatment photos. Results were graded as percent resolution in 5 groups: 0%, 0–25%, 25–50%, 50–75%, and 75–100%. Results: Twenty-three of 30 patients completed the leg vein segment of the study. A total of 41 leg vein sites were treated. Greater than 75% improvement was observed at 85% of the treated sites. Greater than 50% improvement was observed at 95% of the treated sites. Less than 25% improvement was observed at 5% of the treated sites. Seventeen of 17 patients completed the face vein segment of the study, and 32 sites were treated (24 cheeks, noses, and chin telangiectasia and 8 periorbital reticular veins). Greater than 75% improvement was observed at 97% of the treated sites. Greater than 50% improvement was observed at 100% of the treated sites. Notably, 100% of the facial reticular veins treated had essentially 100% resolution. Pain during treatment was variably perceived by patients, but was occasionally sufficient for patients to decline further treatment. Transient hemosiderin pigmentation, as seen with sclerotherapy, was common with larger vessels. Conclusion: The cryogen spray-equipped 1064 nm Nd: Yag laser was remarkably effective and safe for skin type I-V patients. Excellent results for leg veins, approaching sclerotherapy outcomes, were obtained for both 0.3–1.5 mm telangiectasia and larger 1.5–3.0 mm reticular veins. Furthermore, this 1064 Nd:Yag laser is also an outstanding tool for treatment of facial telangiectasia with little if any risk of purpura. For the first time we appear to have a safe and effective treatment for 1–2 mm periorbital reticular veins. The use of topical anesthesia may be needed for some patients.

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