scholarly journals Smart Technologies Driven approaches to tackle COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muni Raj Maurya ◽  
Kishor Kumar Sadasivuni ◽  
Sumaya Ali S A Al-Maadeed
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Smart Sensors ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Smart Technologies

The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had led to a global outbreak of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and raised an international public health issue. To mitigate the infection and bring the sustainability in current pandemic situation, the healthcare system and governments are doing exceptional work. Globally, the implementation of technologies in healthcare systems and diverse government policies has proven to be effective in tackling COVID-19. The rapid technological swift during the pandemic and its role in assisting the fight against corona virus is phenomenal. Various technologies like robotics, drone, artificial intelligence (AI), data communication, mask, and smart sensors, etc. has synergistically helped in mitigating the effect of COVID-19. The poster represents the outlook of these technologies in terms of strategies and framework in which they have been applied for assisting various sectors like the health system, industries, government, and public, etc.

Clinical Assessment and Management of Covid-19 Patients using Artificial Intelligence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Phalnikar ◽  
Subhal Dixit ◽  
Harsha Talele
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Corona Virus

The COVID-19 infection caused by Novel Corona Virus has been declared a pandemic and a public health emergency of international concern. Infections caused by Corona Virus have been previously recognized in people and is known to cause Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Unlike the earlier infections, COVID19 spreads alarmingly and the experience and volume of the scientific knowledge on the virus is small and lacks substantiation. To manage this crisis, Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to play a key role in understanding and addressing the COVID-19 crisis. It tends to be valuable to identify the infection, analyse it, treat it and also predict the stages of infection. Artificial intelligence algorithms can be applied to make diagnosis of COVID-19 and stepping up research and therapy. The paper explains a detailed flowchart of COVID-19 patient and discusses the use of AI at various stages. The preliminary contribution of the paper is in identifying the stages where the use of Artificial Intelligence and its allied fields can help in managing COVID-19 patient and paves a road for systematic research in future.

scholarly journals 人工智能醫學應用的前景與風險

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-109
Author(s):  
Robert SPARROW ◽  
Joshua HATHERLEY
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
Diagnostic Aid ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Digital Commons ◽  
Distribution Of Power

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.人工智能（ＡＩ）將如何促進人類的醫療保健？如果我們擔心人工智能介入醫療的風險，我們又應該關注什麽呢？本文試圖概述此類問題，並對人工智能介入醫療的風險與希望作一個初步評價。人工智能作為一種研究工具和診斷工具具有巨大的潛力，特別是在基因組學和公共衛生領域中。人工智能在醫療中的廣泛使用可能還會對醫療系統的組織方式和商業實踐產生深刻的影響，而這些影響的方式與程度還沒有被充分認識到。在人工智能醫學的熱情擁護者看來，應用人工智能可以幫助醫生集中精力在對他們和病人而言真正重要的問題上。然而，本文將論證這些樂觀的判斷是基於對現代醫療環境下機構和經濟運行規則的一些不合情理的假設之上。本文將聚焦於如下一 些重要議題：大資料中的隱私、監管和偏見，過分信任機器的風險，透明度問題，醫療專業人士的“去技能化”問題，人工智能重塑醫療保健的方式，以及人工智能對醫療保健中權力分配的影響。其中有兩個關鍵的問題尤其值得哲學家和生命倫理學家的進一步關注。第一，當醫生不僅需要處理人而且需要處理資料的時候，醫療實踐會呈現出什麽樣的形態？第二，在醫療決策權衡中，我們應該给予來自機器的意見以多大的權重？What does Artificial Intelligence (AI) have to contribute to health care? And what should we be looking out for if we are worried about its risks? In this paper we offer a survey, and initial evaluation, of hopes and fears about the applications of artificial intelligence in medicine. AI clearly has enormous potential as a research tool, in genomics and public health especially, as well as a diagnostic aid. It’s also highly likely to impact on the organisational and business practices of healthcare systems in ways that are perhaps under-appreciated. Enthusiasts for AI have held out the prospect that it will free physicians up to spend more time attending to what really matters to them and their patients. We will argue that this claim depends upon implausible assumptions about the institutional and economic imperatives operating in contemporary healthcare settings. We will also highlight important concerns about privacy, surveillance, and bias in big data, as well as the risks of over trust in machines, the challenges of transparency, the deskilling of healthcare practitioners, the way AI reframes healthcare, and the implications of AI for the distribution of power in healthcare institutions. We will suggest that two questions, in particular, are deserving of further attention from philosophers and bioethicists. What does care look like when one is dealing with data as much as people? And, what weight should we give to the advice of machines in our own deliberations about medical decisions?DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 119 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

scholarly journals Review of the Corona Viruses Causing Acute Respiratory Syndrome and COVID-2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Ahmed Nawsher Alam ◽  
Mahmuda Siddiqua ◽  
Abu Kholdun Al Mahmood ◽  
Aminur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Third ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
New Information ◽  
World Class ◽  
Corona Viruses

A new virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (SARS CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 and still continuing to pose a great threat all over the Globe claiming to a fatality 980,031 persons. Among the human corona viruses it is the third one causing acute respiratory distress syndrome. The others two are SARS CoV and MERS CoV. The objective of this study is to review the human corona viruses causing severe respiratory distresses which are detected thru analysis of some recently published documents on the deadly SARS CoV-2 as well as information on SARS-CoV and MERS CoV from different world class trust worthy reliable and dependable sources. Genetic analysis reveals that the new human corona virus (SARS CoV-2) has similarities with the severe acute respiratory syndrome like (SARS like) bat virus which thought to be the primary reservoir. SARSCoV and MERS-CoV also have same bat reservoir but the intermediate host are different for three human corona viruses. Though the clinical picture is more or less similar but efficiency of human to human transmission is not same for these viruses. So, strict control measures are critical to contain this very big pandemic been occurring since December 2019. Everyday new information has been coming causing strategy to change to control this pandemic. Zoonotic origin of corona viruses indicate researchers, public health specialists should keep the continuous surveillance for early detection of new virus alike SARS –CoV-2.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 02 April’21 Page: 139-147

scholarly journals The scientific approach to defeating Covid-19 disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-111
Author(s):  
Adamson Muula
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Scientific Approach

Many of us have heard and said that the best approach to defeating the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-Cov2) and novel Corona virus disease of 2019 (Covid-19) is to let public health and science guide the response. Others have invoked both public health and science.. They have said that public health or science should drive the (national or global) response.

scholarly journals Development of antimicrobial resistance due to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e479101624207
Author(s):  
Débora Brito Goulart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global Influence ◽  
Insight Into

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new coronavirus identified in 2019. This disease, which may cause a serious respiratory infection, has been designated an international public health emergency and is being treated with several types of antivirals, antibiotics, and antifungals. While society works hard to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it is equally vital to be prepared for the outbreak’s notorious effects on the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Antibiotic misuse and overuse are predicted to have serious ramifications for antibiotic stewardship programs and AMR management worldwide. Importantly, the global influence on the creation of novel antimicrobial resistance is uncertain due to a paucity of data on antimicrobial usage during the COVID-19 pandemic. The current pandemic might be a useful tool for depicting the spread of antimicrobial resistance and underlining the difficulties in managing the issue once it has emerged. This review aims to assess available data on bacterial infections in coronavirus-infected patients and to offer insight into the development of AMR in the face of the current public health issue.

scholarly journals Alcohol-based hand sanitisers as first line of defence against SARS-CoV-2: a review of biology, chemistry and formulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Singh ◽  
K. Joshi ◽  
A. Samuel ◽  
J. Patra ◽  
N. Mahindroo
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Respiratory Protection ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
First Line ◽  
Viral Contamination

Abstract The pandemic due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as a serious global public health issue. Since the start of the outbreak, the importance of hand-hygiene and respiratory protection to prevent the spread of the virus has been the prime focus for infection control. Health regulatory organisations have produced guidelines for the formulation of hand sanitisers to the manufacturing industries. This review summarises the studies on alcohol-based hand sanitisers and their disinfectant activity against SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses. The literature shows that the type and concentration of alcohol, formulation and nature of product, presence of excipients, applied volume, contact time and viral contamination load are critical factors that determine the effectiveness of hand sanitisers.

scholarly journals Awareness of COVID-19 Pandemic and General Management Protocol for Home Isolated Patients through Modern and Ayurvedic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Mishra Meenu ◽  
Pandey Mahima ◽  
Borkar Shubham
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
General Management ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Management Protocol

The corona virus pandemic, is an ongoing pandemic of corona virus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. The disease was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The WHO declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020 and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. The aim and objectives are to describe awareness factors for COVID-19 pandemic and to summarize general protocol for home isolated patients through modern and Ayurveda perspective. For this study Ayurveda Samhitas, authentic publications, internet and modern medical literature have been reviewed. By this review article it is concluded that all introducing, recognizing, spreading, preventive and treatment modalities for COVID-19 pandemic are very important to aware and controlling this pandemic. Key words: COVID-19 pandemic, Awareness of COVID-19, Home isolated patient.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Africa: rethinking the tools to manage future pandemics

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1509-17
Author(s):  
Ismaila Emahi ◽  
Mimmie CNC Watts ◽  
Samuel Azibere ◽  
Joseph F Morrison ◽  
Kwabena AN Sarpong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Preventative Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Science Leadership ◽  
Low Rate

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains an incurable, progressive pneumonia-like illness characterized by fever, dry cough, fatigue, and headache during its early stages. COVID-19 has ultimately resulted in mortality in at least 2 million people worldwide. Millions of people globally have already been affected by this disease, and the numbers are expected to increase, perhaps until an effective cure or vaccine is identified.Although Africa was initially purported by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be severely hit by the pandemic, Africa recorded the least number of cases during the first wave, with lowest rates of infections, compared to Asia, Europe, and the Americas. This statistic might be attributed to the low testing capacity, existing public health awareness and lessons learnt during Ebola epidemic. Nonetheless, the relatively low rate of infection should be an opportunity for Africa to be better prepared to overcome this and future epidemics.In this paper, the authors provide insights into the dynamics and transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) during the first wave of the pandemic; possible explanations into the relatively low rates of infection recorded in Africa; with recommendations for Africa to continue to fight Covid-19; and position itself to effectively manage future pandemics. Keywords: Covid-19; Ebola; Science Leadership in Africa; Vaccine; SARS-COV-2; Preventative Health; Future Pandemics.

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