scholarly journals As famílias e a sociedade política

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (270) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Bernardino Leers
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Bird

O título abre um panorama largo e complexo. Sugere o vôo alto de uma águia no céu azul por cima das montanhas. Mas homem maduro é prudente, até cauteloso. Sabe que não tem asas para voar. Ao menos no centro do Brasil, o pássaro que voa nas alturas não é águia. É urubu. Em vez de ficar sonhando ou querendo voar como um grande pássaro de asas largas, toda iniciativa humana moral começa com os seres humanos, como são, onde estão pisando na terra e quais possibilidades eles têm para responder às chamadas de Deus e às necessidades dos próximos. Fazer uma radiografia da contextualização do referido apelo moral e de suas possibilidades, no Brasil, hoje, é objeto do ensaio do Autor.Abstract: The title opens a large and complex panorama. It suggests the flight of an eagle, high up in the blue skies above the mountains. But the mature man is prudent, even cautious. He knows he has no wings and cannot fly. At least in the brazilian hinterland the bird flying high is not the eagle but the vulture. Instead of day-dreaming or hoping to fly like a large bird with huge wings, we must remember that every moral human initiative begins with the human beings as they actually are, on the ground where they stand and with the possibilities they have of answering God’s summons and to his/her fellow beings’needs. The objective of the Author’s essay is to take an X-ray of the context of this moral appeal and the possibilities of its realization in contemporary Brazil.

scholarly journals Effect of Engineered Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles on Antioxidant Enzymes in Freshwater Fish, Labeo rohita

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 424-428
Author(s):  
Sana Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Nickel Oxide ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nio Nps

Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO-NPs) are abundantly utilized on a large scale in different applications due to positive attributes and cause environmental pollution that may affect not only aquatic organisms but also the human beings. The co-precipitation method was used to synthesize NiO-NPs and particles were characterized through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FTIR and SEM confirmed the attached functional group and crystal structure of synthesized nanoparticles, respectively. From XRD pattern, average particle size, X-ray density, lattice parameters (a, b and c) and volume of unit cell of nickel oxide nanoparticles were found to be 53.44 nm, 6.65 g/cm3, (a =b=c=4.56 Å) and 94.81 Å3, respectively. During this study, the acute toxicity of NiO-NPs was determined by using fish, Labeo rohita. The mean 96-h LC50 and lethal concentration were measured as 418.26 and 634.94 mg/L, respectively. The activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase was determined in fish gills and liver after chronic exposure to sub-lethal concentration of NiO-NPs for 90 days and sampling was done in 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days. Significant time dependent variations in the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase were determined in tissues of the gills and liver than control group during studied time interval. The overall results indicated that induced toxicity of NiO-NPs in aquatic organisms may be due to release of Ni ions from NiO-NPs and NPs induce toxicity in cells through oxidative stress under long term exposure.

scholarly journals Comparison and Validation of Deep Learning Models for the Diagnosis of Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zhenjia Yue ◽  
Liangping Ma ◽  
Runfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Clinical Image ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
Network Algorithms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Image Diagnosis ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Low Efficiency

As a respiratory infection, pneumonia has gained great attention from countries all over the world for its strong spreading and relatively high mortality. For pneumonia, early detection and treatment will reduce its mortality rate significantly. Currently, X-ray diagnosis is recognized as a relatively effective method. The visual analysis of a patient’s X-ray chest radiograph by an experienced doctor takes about 5 to 15 minutes. When cases are concentrated, this will undoubtedly put tremendous pressure on the doctor’s clinical diagnosis. Therefore, relying on the naked eye of the imaging doctor has very low efficiency. Hence, the use of artificial intelligence for clinical image diagnosis of pneumonia is a necessary thing. In addition, artificial intelligence recognition is very fast, and the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved better performance than human beings in terms of image identification. Therefore, we used the dataset which has chest X-ray images for classification made available by Kaggle with a total of 5216 train and 624 test images, with 2 classes as normal and pneumonia. We performed studies using five mainstream network algorithms to classify these diseases in the dataset and compared the results, from which we improved MobileNet’s network structure and achieved a higher accuracy rate than other methods. Furthermore, the improved MobileNet’s network could also extend to other areas for application.

Synthesis of Hexahydroxy Strontium Stannate/Tin Dioxide Nanocomposites and Their Photocatalytic Properties for Gentian Violet

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Yu ◽  
Z.Y. Xue ◽  
Y.J. Mao ◽  
J. F. Huang ◽  
F.H. Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Gentian Violet ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Strontium Stannate

Background: Gentian violet dye released from industries into the environment has caused serious water pollution and is a significant environment pollutant to human beings owing to the toxicity. It is urgent to decrease the environmental pollution by removing gentian violet in the wastewater. Objective: The aim is to synthesize hexahydroxy strontium stannate/tin dioxide nanocomposites by a simple hydrothermal method without surfactants and research the photocatalytic performance for gentian violet degradation. Methods: Hexahydroxy strontium stannate/tin dioxide nanocomposites have been obtained via the hydrothermal method. The structure, size, morphology and photocatalytic performance were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, solid ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Results : The nanocomposites possess oven-shaped morphology with the size of less than 100 nm and are composed of hexagonal SrSn(OH)6 and tetragonal SnO2 phases. The band gap of the nanocomposites is 3.52 eV. 10 mg hexahydroxy strontium stannate/tin dioxide nanocomposites have the ability to completely degrade 10 mL gentian violet solution with the concentration of 10 mgL-1 under 6 h ultraviolet-visible light irradiation. Hydroxyl radical, hole and superoxide radical are main species for the gentian violet photocatalytic degradation using the nanocomposites. Conclusion: The hexahydroxy strontium stannate/tin dioxide nanocomposites show good photocatalytic performance for the GV degradation. The photocatalytic performance for gentian violet degradation using the hexahydroxy strontium stannate/tin dioxide nanocomposites depends on the irradiation time and content of the nanocomposites.

A Study of Accuracy Error Compensation for Artificial Joint Arthroplasty

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 4345-4349
Author(s):  
Ming Chu Hsieh ◽  
Alan C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Error Compensation ◽  
Medical Engineering ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
The Body ◽  
Artificial Joint ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Risk Of Failure

With the advance of science and medicine, life expectancy of human beings becomes increasingly higher. Never the less, human bones and joints very often could be impaired and cause pain due to degeneration, osteoporosis, and long-term use. With the advance in science and medical engineering, artificial joint replacement can greatly relieve pain and improve the functionality of the joint in cases of severe joint diseases. X-ray Computed Tomography (abbreviated CT) is a medical imaging test that employs x-ray to penetrate human body and x-ray sensors positioned at the opposite side of the body to receive the x-ray. The x-ray images are then processed by computer to create tomography, but errors in measuring accuracy none the less could cause distortion to the computed tomography. Previous concept of designing artificial joint component has been existent in simulated situation, and there are many insurmountable technical difficulties in the practice of reconstruction which results in design flaw in the geometric shape of artificial joint body and increases the risk of failure. This study uses empirical method to determine the shape and size that is closest to human bone, and aims to achieve accuracy error compensation by means of correction mode and consequently improve the accuracy of reconstructed artificial joint and lower the risk of failure in artificial joint arthroplasty.

X-ray diffraction enhanced imaging study of intraocular tumors in human beings

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Gao ◽  
Wang Hua-Qiao ◽  
Chen Yu ◽  
Yuan Qing-Xi ◽  
Li Gang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Study ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intraocular Tumors ◽  
Diffraction Enhanced Imaging ◽  
Enhanced Imaging

ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER USING PIXE AND PIGE TECHNIQUES

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAJBIR KAUR ◽  
A. KUMAR ◽  
B. P. MOHANTY ◽  
MUMTAZ OSWAL ◽  
NAVNEET KAUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Emission

Water is the most important source of minerals for both human beings and animals. But at the same time, water is also a source of disease due to the contamination of various elements. Therefore, knowledge of the elemental content of water is important. In this work, water samples were collected from areas around Chandigarh and Bathinda district, Panjab, India. Proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and proton-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE) techniques were used for the determination of heavy and light trace elements, respectively, in wide varieties of water samples. A large number of elements, namely F, Na, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Pb , and U were detected in the samples and results are discussed.

scholarly journals Machine Learning Techniques for Human Age and Gender Identification Based on Teeth X-Ray Images

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
K. C. Santosh ◽  
Nijalingappa Pradeep ◽  
Vikas Goel ◽  
Raju Ranjan ◽  
Ekta Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
And Gender

The use of digital medical images is increasing with advanced computational power that has immensely contributed to developing more sophisticated machine learning techniques. Determination of age and gender of individuals was manually performed by forensic experts by their professional skills, which may take a few days to generate results. A fully automated system was developed that identifies the gender of humans and age based on digital images of teeth. Since teeth are a strong and unique part of the human body that exhibits least subject to risk in natural structure and remains unchanged for a longer duration, the process of identification of gender- and age-related information from human beings is systematically carried out by analyzing OPG (orthopantomogram) images. A total of 1142 digital X-ray images of teeth were obtained from dental colleges from the population of the middle-east part of Karnataka state in India. 80% of the digital images were considered for training purposes, and the remaining 20% of teeth images were for the testing cases. The proposed gender and age determination system finds its application widely in the forensic field to predict results quickly and accurately. The prediction system was carried out using Multiclass SVM (MSVM) classifier algorithm for age estimation and LIBSVM classifier for gender prediction, and 96% of accuracy was achieved from the system.

scholarly journals Automatic COVID-19 Detection from X-Ray images using Ensemble Learning with Convolutional Neural Network

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Das ◽  
Sayantani Ghosh ◽  
Samiruddin Thunder ◽  
Rohit Dutta ◽  
Sachin Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Test Set ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The World ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Covid-19 continues to have catastrophic effects on the lives of human beings throughout the world. To combat this disease it is necessary to screen the affected patients in a fast and inexpensive way. One of the most viable steps towards achieving this goal is through radiological examination, Chest X-Ray being the most easily available and least expensive option. In this paper we have proposed a Deep Convolutional Neural Network based solution which can detect the Covid-19 +ve patients using chest X-Ray images. To test the efficacy of the solution we have used publicly available chest X-ray images of Covid +ve and -ve cases. 538 images of Covid +ve patients and 468 images of Covid -ve patients have been divided into 771 trainable images and 235 testing images. Our solution gave a classification accuracy of 95.7% and sensitivity of 98% in the test set-up. We have developed a GUI application for public use. This application can be used on any computer by any medical personnel to detect Covid +ve patients using Chest X-Ray images within a very few seconds.

A quest for a structural tribal formation of knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Isenyo Solomon Ogaba
Keyword(s):  
Basic Assumption ◽  
World View ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Tribal People ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cultural Events ◽  
Tribal Group ◽  
Cultural Framework ◽  
Total Environment ◽  
The Way

The cognitive view of life and the total environment that an individual holds or which is characteristic of a society's members is frequently referred to as Weltanschauung, or world view. It is thus the life scene as people look out upon it. Worldviews grow with cultures. Generations of anonymous human beings contribute to the unending quest to make the unknown knowable, to transform meaningless bafflement into meaningful understanding. There are individuals in every society, no doubt who are thinkers and systematizes, the idealists who crystallize the myths, shape the ceremonies, express the concepts in art – symbolic creators. However, even they must work within the cultural framework. The tribal people are known to have a strong worldview. The way they perform, perceive and explain the natural and supernatural phenomenon, social and cultural events, relationships within themselves and outside, and diseases and grievances reflect a manifestation of their concept of different aspects of life, often referred to as ‘worldview’. However, tribal knowledge has often been criticized as unscientific or incoherent with science, and therefore, lacks philosophical explanation. The present study, therefore, aims to investigate tribal worldviews. This paper acknowledges that since each tribal group is unique and different from one another, it is not possible to discuss their various worldviews in this paper. However, this paper attempt to x-ray basic assumption that cut across most tribal worldviews.

Classification of Long Bone X-ray Images using New features and Support Vector Machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1494-1500
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Confusion Matrix ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
X Ray

Bones are protecting many organs in the human body such as the lungs, brain, heart and other internal organs. Bone fracture is a common problem in human beings and may occur due to the high pressure that is applied to the bones as a result of an accident or any other reasons. X-ray (radiograph) is the noninvasive medical experimentthat helps doctors diagnose and present medical conditions. X-rays represent the oldest and most often used kind of medical imagery. Medical image processing attempts to enhance the bone fracture diagnosis processes by creating an automated system that can go through a large database of the X-ray images and identify the required diagnosis faster and with high accuracy than the regular diagnosis processes. In this paper, the lower leg bone (Tibia) fracture is studied and many novel features are extracted using various image processing techniques. The purpose of this research is to use new investigated features and classify the X-ray bone images as a fractured and non-fractured bone and make the system more applicable and closer to the user using the Graphical User Interface (GUI). The Tibia bone fracture detection system was developed in three main steps: the preprocessing step, feature extraction using wavelet analysis, gradient analysis, principal components (PCA), and edge detection methods and classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results were produced using four possible outcomes from the confusion matrix which are TP, TN, FP, and FN. The classification process was repeated using different feature groups at a time and the resultant accuracies were ranged between 70%-80%.

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