scholarly journals Relationship between age and gender with cholesterol levels of Taro villagers

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Nadya Meta Harlinda ◽  
Bahar Khusni ◽  
Reido Dafa Annafis ◽  
Rayhan Muhammad Basyarahil ◽  
Widati Fatmaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The People ◽  
Total Respondent ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Spearman Test

Introduction: COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus 2), an outbreak in the world in 2019 until now. High cholesterol levels correlate with increasing disease severity in SARS-CoV-2 infection because there is a surge of cases in Gianyar Regency, a district of Taro Village. This study aimed to examine the relationship between age and gender to cholesterol levels which are expected to become information for the people of Taro Village as a basis for health screening to prevent comorbid diseases that increase mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infection and increase awareness of the people of Taro Village to maintain health and implement a healthy lifestyle. Method: Capillary blood was taken and then checked for cholesterol levels using a standardized tool on 44 respondents. The cholesterol check was conducted in Gianyar Regency, precisely in Taro Village, Tegalalang District, and Bali. The data obtained will be analyzed using univariate analysis followed by bivariate analysis using the Spearman correlation test for variables of age and cholesterol levels. In contrast, for variables gender and cholesterol levels, the Mann-Whitney test is performed. Results: A total of 44 individual respondents in this study, the distribution of data, namely the age of the repondent is more in the 41-50 year age group, the number of female respondents is 33 or 75.0% of the total respondent, and 70.5% of the respondent or 31 have normal cholesterol levels. The results of the Spearman test on the variables of age and cholesterol levels obtained a P value>0, 05, and the results of the Mann Withney test on the variables gender and cholesterol levels obtained a P value>0, 05. Conclusion: Most taro villagers have normal cholesterol levels obtained as many as 31 people, or 70.5% of the total respondent. It may be influenced by the work factor of taro villagers who work a lot in the agriculture and plantation sectors. Based on the study results, there is also no significant relationship between age and gender with the cholesterol levels of Taro Villagers. However, high cholesterol levels were only found in females as many as five people.

scholarly journals Escherichia coli as uropathogen: antibiotic susceptibility profiling

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Anuja Jha ◽  
Manju Agrawal ◽  
Arvind Neral ◽  
Rajesh Hishikar ◽  
Basant Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Uncomplicated Cystitis

Background: Empirically chosen antibiotics based on the local resistance pattern of uropathogens remain the principle treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI).Methods: Antibiogram of most frequent uropathogen was determined. Based on the antibiogram result, authors compared effectiveness of drugs recommended for UTI by National centre for disease control (NCDC), India, and assessed age and gender based variability in the effectiveness of these drugs.Results: 1278 urine samples were accounted, of which 405 samples showed significant growth. E. coli was the most common uropathogen (n=146, 36%) followed by enterococcus species (31%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%). Using McNemar’s test authors found that nitrofurantoin (90% sensitivity) was statistically the most effective drug among drugs recommended by NCDC for uncomplicated cystitis. Furthermore, authors used Fisher’s exact test on adults and paediatrics and found that significant difference in effectiveness was observed for nitrofurantoin (p-value <0.001) and cotrimoxazole (p-value 0.034). Using logistic regression, authors found that with age, effectiveness of ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole deteriorate significantly (p-value 0.021 and 0.002 respectively). Additionally, authors observed that cotrimoxazole has significantly better efficacy in males compared to females (p-value 0.022).Conclusions: In accordance with present study, nitrofurantoin can be used as first line treatment for uncomplicated cystitis. Age and gender should be considered while prescribing empirical treatment for UTI. Periodic surveillance should be carried out to identify the on-going pattern of antibiogram to update the guideline for empirical therapy.

scholarly journals The Beliefs and Aesthetics of Isaan Heritage Trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Surasak Sornsena ◽  
Preechawut Apirating ◽  
Sipp Suksamran
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Art Elements ◽  
Heritage Trees ◽  
Heritage Tree

This article is a part of a Doctoral Thesis titled “Isaan Heritage Tree: From the Belief and the Aesthetic to the Creation of Visual Arts,” with the objectives of studying the belief and the aesthetic that exist in the Isaan Heritage Tree using the qualitative method. The study’s target groups can be divided into three following groups: the experts, the practitioners, and the related people. The area of study is in the Isaan region. The region is divided into upper Isaan, mid-Isaan, and lower Isaan. The research tools consist of surveys, non-participatory observation, and structured and non-structured interviews. The data collected from documents and field data was analyzed using Aesthetic Theory and Symbolic Interactionism Theory and presented using descriptive analysis.  The study results show that Isaan has a long history and development both in geography, the administration, society, the culture, and the migration of people who came to settle in the area from Luang Phrabang, Vientiane, and Champasak. This had caused the people and nation’s coming together and led to social management, which consists of regulations, religion, and belief. The beliefs of the Isaan people are connected to forest spirits, household spirits, or tree spirits. Five following characteristics of the Heritage Trees were also found: 1) The traditional beliefs related to the Heritage Trees of Isaan. 2) The new belief. 3) The beliefs that are connected to the locations. 4) The beliefs in the tree spirits whose identity and gender cannot be identified. 5) Auspicious and inauspicious beliefs. There are three aspects for the aesthetics: Aesthetic elements are the feeling of amazement due to the gigantic size filled with astonishment, mystery, and the fear of power. The interesting aspects of Art elements are the unity and relationship to the seasons, such as the Fall season, Rainy Season, and the blooming of flowers that contribute to the changes in the aesthetics changes. The visual art elements consist of six following components; bodies and shapes, lines, colors, textures, light and shadows, and area. It was found that the gigantic size and height cause amazements to the viewers. The physical lines of the Isaan Heritage trees were the lines along the trunks, the lines on the branches, and the lines that go along the leaves and flowers. There are different colors of the trunk, the leaves, and the flowers. The texture was rough, harsh, and the cracks follow the same directions as the trunk. There are botanical differences in the light and shadows of the heritage trees. As for the area, there are differences between the area of the heritage trees and the surrounding areas, as well as the differences within the Isaan Heritage Trees area.   Received: 25 January 2021 / Accepted: 31 March 2021 / Published: 10 May 2021

scholarly journals Urothelial carcinoma and its association with age and gender.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1719-1723
Author(s):  
Rukhsana Parveen Samo ◽  
Asim Mehmood ◽  
Sana Kashif
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Health Science ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Histological Grading ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Objectives: To determine the urothelial carcinoma and its association with age and gender. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Pathology department of Liaquat university of Medical and Health Science. Period: One year from January 2016 to December 2016. Material and Methods: Four micrometer thick paraffin-embedded and formalin-fixed sections were prepared from transurethral resection6of bladder6tumor (TURBT) samples of urothelial carcinoma patients and were examined. Histological grading was categorized as low and high grades. All the data was collected by self-made proforma. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: Total 83 cases were enrolled in current study; their mean age was 49.19+12.33 years. Males were found in the majority 51(61.4%) and females were 32(38.6%). Most common age group was 46-60 years 36(43.4%). According to the histological grading high grade was most common as 65.10%, and low grade urothelial carcinoma was 34.90%. There was no significant difference according to age of histological grading. Male gender was most common, while progression of disease was higher among females in contrast to males as high grade carcinoma was significantly higher among females, p-value 0.014. Conclusion: It was concluded that male gender is the contributing factor of urothelial carcinoma, but disease progression significantly high among females. No significant association has been found according to age.

scholarly journals Italian COVID-19 epidemic: effects on paediatric emergency attendance—a survey in the Emilia Romagna region

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cella ◽  
Federico Marchetti ◽  
Lorenzo Iughetti ◽  
Anna Rita Di Biase ◽  
Giulia Graziani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effect Size ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Paediatric Emergency ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Emilia Romagna Region ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Provision Of Care

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 epidemic on paediatric emergency department (ED) attendance in a region of Northern Italy.MethodsA survey was proposed to six out of nine paediatric EDs in the Emilia Romagna region to evaluate attendance data, distribution by age and gender, triage code score, outcome of clinical course, number of hospitalisations and the distribution of patients by disease. Data were collected during March 2020 and compared with that of March 2019.ResultsA drop in paediatric ED attendance of more than 83.8% was observed, with a higher percentage of infants and severe triage scores. The proportion of patients hospitalised was significantly higher in 2020 than in 2019 (p value: <0.001). The effect size for the comparison of proportions of hospitalised patients was 0.379. Looking at the distribution of attendance by type of disease, a significantly different distribution was highlighted (p value: <0.00001, Cramer’s V); there was a greater proportion of patients presenting to paediatric EDs with poisonings (effect size=0.07), psychiatric pathologies (effect size=0.110), head injuries (effect size=0.167) and fever (effect size=0.212).ConclusionsOur survey suggests that in the first month of the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy, there has been an increase in delayed attendance and provision of care of potentially severe diseases in paediatric EDs. Hospital and community paediatricians should be aware of this phenomenon and adopt appropriate strategies to prevent this danger, as it may affect children more seriously than COVID-19 itself.

Osteopontin Predicts for Survival and Cystatin C-Based Estimated GFR Predicts for Renal Response to Therapy in Patients with Primary Systemic Amyloidosis

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2731-2731
Author(s):  
Evangelos Terpos ◽  
Efstathios Kastritis ◽  
Evelina Charitaki ◽  
Michalis Michail ◽  
Georgios Boutsikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin C ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Systemic Amyloidosis ◽  
Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitor ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Renal Response ◽  
Heart Involvement ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Primary systemic amyloidosis (AL) is a multisystemic disorder resulting from an underlying plasma cell dyscrasia. Elevated serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is considered as one of the most powerful prognostic markers in AL. Angiogenesis is a crucial step for disease progression in several malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycophosphoprotein cytokine, which has significant role in cell adhesion, prevention of apoptosis, invasion, migration and tumor cell growth. OPN also participates in neo-angiogenesis process in malignancies, as in MM. Renal involvement is common in AL, resulting in renal impairment in a significant proportion of patients. Cystatin-C (Cys-C) is a cysteine-proteinase inhibitor, which is considered as a reliable endogenous marker of GFR. Furthermore, our group has shown that Cys-C is an independent prognostic factor in MM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of OPN, Cys-C and angiogenesis cytokines in AL, explore possible correlations with clinical characteristics and known prognostic factors, as NT-proBNP, and compare the results with those of MM. Serum levels of angiopoietin-1 and -2 (Ang-1, Ang-2), VEGF, angiogenin, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and OPN were evaluated using ELISA methodology (R&D, Minneapolis, MN, USA, for all, except of OPN: IBL GmbH D, Hamburg, Gemany). Serum Cys-C was determined by particle enhanced immunonephelometry (Dade Behring, Liederbach, Germany), while serum NT-proBNP was evaluated using an electrochemiluminescensce immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany). Serum samples were collected from 82 previously untreated AL patients (39M/43F), 35 age- and gender-matched healthy controls and 35 newly diagnosed, untreated, MM patients of similar age and gender. The median age of AL patients was 63 years (range: 39–86 years), and the median number of involved organs was 2 (range: 1–4). Heart was involved in 45 (56%) patients, kidney in 61 (76%) and liver in 11 (14%) patients. Serum levels of OPN (&lt;0.01), VEGF (p&lt;0.001), bFGF (&lt;0.001), angiogenin (p&lt;0.001) and Ang-2 (p&lt;0.001) were significantly higher in AL patients than in controls; however Ang-1 levels did not differ between AL patients and controls (p=0.321), thus the ang1/ang2 ratio was lower in AL patients (p=0.036). Compared to MM patients, AL patients had significantly higher VEGF (p&lt;0.001), angiogenin (p&lt;0.001), and Ang-1 (p=0.001) levels but lower levels of Ang-2 (0.001) resulting in a significantly higher Ang-1/2 ratio (p&lt;0.001). OPN levels did not differ between AL and myeloma patients (p=0.169). OPN correlated with NT-proBNP levels in AL (r=0.342, p=0.004). Ang-2 levels were significantly higher in AL patients with heart involvement (p=0.008) resulting in lower Ang-1/2 ratio (p=0.03). Cys-C levels were higher in AL patients compared to both controls and MM patients (p&lt;0.0001). The eGFR estimated with the MDRD equation and 3 different equations that included Cys-C only; Cys-C and age; and Cys-C, creatinine and age (Stevens et al, Am J Kidney Dis2008;51:396–406) were 65, 44, 41 and 45 ml/min/1.73m2, respectively (p&lt;0.001). All eGFR evaluations were associated with the probability of renal response to therapy. However, in multivariate analysis, only the equation that included Cys-C, creatinine and age predicted indepedently for renal response to therapy (HR 8.8, 95% CI 1.2– 67, p=0.033). The median survival of this cohort of patients has not been reached yet; the 24-month survival rate was 66%. In univariate analysis high NT-proBNP levels (p&lt;0.001), heart involvement (p&lt;0.01), ejection fraction &lt;55% (p&lt;0.01), high serum OPN (p=0.01), performance status ≥2 (p=0.011), ≥2 involved organs (p=0.02), no organ response to therapy (p=0.023), urine albumin (&gt;3500 mg/24h; p=0.031), and no hematologic response to therapy (p=0.034) predicted for poor survival. However, NT-proBNP and OPN were both independently associated with survival in a multivariate model. This study suggests that angiogenesis cytokines are increased in AL, even compared to MM. More importantly, high OPN levels predicts for inferior survival, while eGFR based on Cys-C, creatinine and age predicts for renal response to therapy. NTproBNP remains a valuable predictive factor for survival in AL.

Impact of age and gender in patients with thin melanoma

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8056-8056 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Chang ◽  
S. K. Liu ◽  
J. S. Choi ◽  
R. C. Liu ◽  
P. F. Fuchshuber
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Superficial Spreading ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Thin Melanoma ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
And Gender

8056 Background: The incidence of thin melanoma (≤ 1mm) continues to increase. The purpose of this study was to characterize the incidence and prognosis of thin melanoma among the various age groups. We analyzed the records of 15,267 patients diagnosed with melanoma of these we were able to identify 5573 patients with thin melanoma (≤ 1mm). Methods: A retrospective review was undertaken to identify patients with thin melanoma (<1mm) treated at all the Northern California Kaiser Permanente facilities. All patients received their treatment between January 1998 and December 2004. Univariate and multivariate analyses of predictive factors were evaluated with the log-rank test and Cox regression. In addition chi-square test of relevant clinicopathologic factors determined which factors were predictive of overall survival (OS). Results: Mean age was 55 years (range 8–101). Mean follow-up was 74 months (range 3–209) and 54% were male. Primaries were on the trunk (34%), lower extremities (19%), upper extremities (26%), or head/neck (20%). Mean thickness was 0.4 ± 0.25 mm. The most common histology was superficial spreading (88%). The overall 5 and 10 year survival were 89 and 79, respectively. By univariate analysis age, sex, location and histology were predictive of OS however by multivariate analysis only age and sex were predictive of OS. The female/male ratio was 2 in patients diagnosed before the 3rd decade, and this ratio approached 1 in the mid-5th decade. However, the female/male ratio was 0.5 among patients diagnosed with melanoma in their 8th decade. Conclusions: Females are more susceptible than men to the risk of melanoma at a younger age however this susceptibility changes with increasing age. Our results demonstrate that the incidence of melanoma may be influenced by age and gender. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Sibling Snapshots: Living with Youth who have Autism or Down syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Barbara Mandleco ◽  
Jessica Rosemann ◽  
Aimee Palicharla ◽  
Tammy Rampton ◽  
Tina Dyches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Young People ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The People ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Family Photographs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gathering Data

This study used photography to capture important symbols in the lives of 14 siblings of 13 youth with autism (ASD) and 16 siblings of 15 youth with Down syndrome (DS) and then determine if there were differences in the photographs taken according to the type of developmental disability, age, and gender of the sibling. Analysis revealed two types of photographs: people, including family members and non-family, and non-people, including objects, animals, and buildings/scenery. Siblings of youth with DS took a higher percentage of photographs of people and a higher percentage of photographs of family members than siblings of youth with ASD.  There were also differences according to age and gender in the people/non people and within family photographs. The 7-9 year olds took a higher percentage of snapshots of typically developing siblings and him/herself whereas the 10- 12 year olds and the 13-16 year olds took a higher percentage of photographs of the youth with the disability than the younger age group. Sisters took a higher proportion of people photographs than brothers; whereas brothers took a higher proportion of family photographs than sisters. Indeed, results validate the importance of gathering data in an open-ended manner directly from young people, confirm the use of photography as a method of facilitating communication with young people about important symbols in their lives, and indicate there are differences in the percentage of photographs taken of people/non people and family/non family according to disability, age and gender of siblings.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Terapi Kompres Air Hangat terhadap Nyeri Post Operasi ORIF pada Pasen Fraktur di RSUD Dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Vina Agustina ◽  
Suryagustina Suryagustina ◽  
Henry Wiyono
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
P Value ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Gender

A fracture or often called a fracture is a break in the continuity of bone tissue and is determined according to its type and extent. Pain is the most common complaint in fracture patients. Based on the results of the preliminary survey on February 14, 2018, in the Dahlia room, RSUD dr. Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya, from 10 patients, it was found that 6 patients did not know that warm water compress therapy could reduce pain and 4 patients had heard that warm water compresses could reduce pain but still did not dare to take action alone without advice from a health professional. The results of the analysis research with the Wilcoxon test obtained a significant p-value (0.008 <0.05), then Ha is accepted, which means that there is an effect of giving warm water compress therapy before and after on the postoperative pain of ORIF in fracture patients. It can be concluded that the factors that influence the provision of warm water compress therapy to postoperative pain in ORIF fracture patients are age and gender (internal factors) and external factors including the compressing medium, warm water temperature, and the duration of the compress so that the warm water compress method is effective against decreasing intensity. pain. Health workers are advised to apply warm compress therapy as an intervention to reduce postoperative pain in patients with ORIF fractures.

scholarly journals Everyday and ceremonial greeting etiquette of the karakalpak

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104
Author(s):  
Madiyar Utebayev
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Traditional Society ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
The People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
Ceremonial Life

The article analyzes the traditional etiquette of Karakalpaks. Special attention is paid to the customs of greeting on meeting and when performing some ceremonial activities. In both cases, the Karakalpak etiquette is based on the moral attitudes and habits of a traditional society. As with other peoples of Central Asia, the principles of age and gender differentiation and reverence for elders come to the fore. Greeting rituals are addressed to the elders and those who have higher social status, taking place within the framework of the institution of hospitality, as a principle of tolerance and benevolence characteristic of the daily and ceremonial life of the people.

scholarly journals TUBERCULOSIS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (07) ◽  
pp. 942-946
Author(s):  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Muzamil Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case File ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Prior Therapy ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Culture Positive

Objectives: To know the frequency of relapse in patients of tuberculosis whocompleted the total therapy but in interrupted course. Study Design: Prospective Cohort study.Place and duration of study: Outpatient and Inpatient units of Chest and TB ward Bahawal-Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur. Methodology: Patient showing characteristics according toWHO standard were included in the study i.e. clinical features and radiographic abnormalitiesconsistent with active pulmonary tuberculosis; and no response to a course of broad-spectrumantibiotics regarding signs and symptoms. Also included were those with clinical featuresconsistent with tuberculosis with Mycobacterium smear and culture positive or smear positiveor culture positive. Such patients were interviewed and case file/charts were reviewed. Specificthings looked were their prior antituberculous therapy, number of days antituberculous therapyinterrupted, age, and gender. All others with diabetes mellitus, smokers, alcoholic were excludedfrom the study. Results: There were total 67 patients enrolled in the study and among them 34(50.7%) males and 33 (49.3%) females. Male age ranges 26-75 years(mean 46.20+ SD 12.46)and female age range 13-70 years (mean 40.42+SD 13.32) Among these relapse cases 6 (9%)patients had interrupted ATT during their prior therapy for a period ranged 2-90 days (P-value<0.001). Among these 5 (83%) were females and 1 was male. Conclusion: Interrupted ATTcaries significant risk for future relapse of tuberculosis.

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