scholarly journals Crop formation and green mass quality of maize under the conditions of central agroclimatic region of Komi Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-697
Author(s):  
G. N. Tabalenkova ◽  
E. V. Silina ◽  
O. V. Dymova ◽  
I. V. Dalke ◽  
T. K. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Proportional Decrease

In the field experiment on the area of 100 m2 the impact of weather conditions on green mass formation and chemical composition of early ripe three-line maizehybrid DorkaMGT grown in the central agroclimatic region of the Komi Republic was studied. According tothe data of three vegetation seasons (2018-2020), the maize plants can form up to 56.5 t/ha green mass in the northern non-black earth region withthe sum of average daily active temperatures over 10 °C (GDD10) of about 1500 °C and a hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) of about 2. The decrease in GDD10 of 30 % and moderate precipitation (HTC = 2.3) resulted in a proportional decrease in green mass yield. During the growing season with abundant precipitation (HTC = 4), the production potential efficiency of maize plants fell significantly as evidenced by a decrease in yield by more than 4 times. The average yield of green mass over 3 years was 35.5 t/ha. No significant effects of vegetation conditions on the content of basic chemical elements and nutrients (sugars, protein) in plant biomasshave been revealed. The rate of visible photosynthesis of maize leaves reached 13-14 pmol CO2 / (m2s) during the period of intensive vegetative growth (phase of five leaves) and decreased during the transition to generative development (“heading of panicle” phase). In general, the data obtained indicate the possibility of growing early ripe maize hybrid Dorka MGT in the central agroclimatic region of the Komi Republic to obtain high-quality green feed and silage.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE MINERAL NUTRITION LEVEL ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF CEREAL AND LEGUMINOUS AGROCENOSES IN THE FOREST STEPPE OF BAIKAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Виктор Агафонов ◽  
Viktor Agafonov ◽  
Евгений Бояркин ◽  
Evgeniy Boyarkin
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
The Impact

The article presents findings of the influence of different levels of mineral nutrition on plant growth and development, the impact of fertilizers on the botanical composition, on the productivity and forage benefits of cereal-bean agrocenoses in the forest-steppe zone of the Baikal region. The objects of research were mixed crops of oats with peas and millet with vetch, peas, and Austrian winter pea. Legumes are the main source of protein increase in feed. In the field, the most widespread, among legumes, were vetch, sowing peas, field peas (Austrian winter pea). As a result of phenological observations, it was found that the growth and development of plants depended on the biological characteristics of crops, weather conditions and directly on the mineral nutrition level. The millet reacted most effectively to the application of mineral fertilizers, starting from the exit phase into the tube. The introduction of mineral fertilizers in pre-sowing tillage contributed to an increase in the proportion of legume components in the total green mass yield and a decrease in cereals. The highest competition in agrocenoses of millet with legume components was vetch, its share in the mixture increased, compared to the unfertilized background, by 6 and 14.5%, depending on the background of fertilizers. It was found that, compared with the unfertilized background, mineral fertilizers increased the yield of green mass from 1.5 to 4.9 tons per hectare, the collection of dry matter from 0.4 to 2.0 tons per hectare and the collection of feed units from 0.3 to 1.3 tons per hectare. Digestible protein content in 1 unit increased with the introduction of nitrogen fertilizer (N45), depending on the type of components in the mixture, from 3.2 to 6.6 g, and with the introduction of complex mineral fertilizer (N45P30K30) from 2.5 to 9.6 g. All are millet-bean mixtures at all levels of mineral nutrition comply with zootechnical standards.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of a Transport Company in the Aspect of Car Vehicle Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rykała ◽  
Łukasz Rykała
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
The Impact

The article describes the issues of transport of bulk materials. The knowledge of this process has a key impact on the rational planning of transport tasks. It is necessary to have knowledge about the transport services market and the competition that exists in it. In order to achieve a competitive advantage on the market, enterprises should analyze data on the implementation of transport tasks on an ongoing basis. It is also important that the costs incurred from the conducted activity are minimized, while increasing the quality of services and taking into account the sustainable development of the enterprise. The study analyzes data from a few selected motor vehicles in the period of 3 years of operation, coming from an enterprise specializing in the transport of bulk materials. Moreover, a global sensitivity analysis was performed based on a neural model describing the impact of the analyzed factors on the company’s profit. The results show that the most important factors influencing the company’s profit are the fuel consumption of individual vehicles, the driver (driving style) and the month (average temperature, weather conditions).

scholarly journals Promising varieties of spring glumaceous oat of the mowing and grain-mowing directions, adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Elena Vologzhanina ◽  
Galina Batalova
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Positive Dependence ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The results of the study of 12 varieties and promising lines of glumaceous oat in the competitive variety testing of the FASC of the North-East (Kirov region) in the period from 2018 to 2020 are presented. The purpose of the research is to assess the productivity, ecological plasticity and stability of the genotypes of glumaceous oat for feed and universal use in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. The dependences of grain yield and dry matter harvesting on the state of agro-climatic resources (HTC), temperature and precipitation are established. The contrasting weather conditions during the years of research allowed to conduct the most complete assessment of the studied genotypes. The most favorable conditions for the formation of a high yield of green mass of oat were formed in 2020 (Ij=3.76), grain - in 2019 (Ij=1.35). The average degree of positive dependence of green mass yield on the height of oat plants was revealed (r=0.51). The variety of the high-intensity type of the universal direction Medved, promising lines of the mowing direction (178h13 and 245h14) are distinguished.

scholarly journals The relationship of agroclimatic factors and the yield of potato varieties in the conditions of the near Moscow region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 2005-2015. studied the effect of liquid organic fertilizer BIOOD-1 as foliar feeding on the yield and quality of various potato varieties in changing meteorological conditions. According to the results of the experiments, it was established that the most stable yields under various weather conditions were shown by the potatoes of the mid-season variety Bryansk delicacy. The low starch content of varieties Nevsky, Udacha was noted in years of high humidity, but with a lack of moisture, the starch content of these varieties increased in the background variant and in the experiment with organic fertilization. Keywords: CLIMATIC CONDITIONS, HYDROTHERMAL COEFFICIENT, MEAN SENIOR PRECIPITATION, POTATO, YIELD, STARCH, HUMIC FERTILIZERS

Screening the pea collection for breeding feed varieties

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Е.В. Кожухова ◽  
Л.П. Байкалова
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Исследования проводились в лесостепи Восточной Сибири в 2018–2019 годах. Для создания сортов гороха (Pisum sativum L.) с высокой кормовой продуктивностью необходимо включать в селекционный процесс листочковые формы вместо более технологичных усатых сортов. Цель исследования — анализ коллекции гороха листочкового морфотипа для селекции на кормовые цели. Материалом для исследования послужили 20 образцов гороха листочкового морфотипа. Образцы оценивали по укосной и зерновой продуктивности. Погодные условия в годы проведения исследований отличались от среднемноголетних значений: 2018 год был очень засушливым (ГТК — 0,60), 2019 год — засушливым (ГТК — 0,89). Урожайность зависела от биологических особенностей сорта и погодных условий годов исследований. Следует отметить высокую продуктивность сорта гороха полевого Интенсивный 92: в оба года он попал в верхнюю часть ранжированного списка, превысив стандарт. В среднем по урожайности зелёной массы сорт Интенсивный 92 превосходил стандарт Радомир на 3,40 т/га, по урожайности семян — сорт Орпела на 0,10 т/га. Рентабельность производства зелёной массы сорта Интенсивный 92 оказалась на 53,7% выше стандарта. По рентабельности производства зерна сорт Орпела превысил стандарт на 8,8%. Выделены источники важных хозяйственных признаков: для селекции на увеличение урожайности семян — горох полевой Орпела; урожайности зелёной массы — сорта Апостол и Интенсивный 92; в качестве источника семенной продуктивности растений — сорта Тюменский кормовой, Шал, Орпела; устойчивости к полеганию — Альбенс и Орпела; устойчивости к аскохитозу и тле — Clause и Id 29200910. The investigation took place in the forest-steppe of the Eastern Siberia in 2018–2019. To create pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties with high feed productivity, it is necessary to include leafy forms in a breeding process instead of leafless varieties suitable for machine harvesting. The research aimed at screening a collection of leafy peas for breeding feed varieties. 20 leafy varieties were analyzed according to their green mass and grain productivity. Weather conditions differed from the long-term average values: 2018 was very dry (hydrothermal index = 0.60), 2019 — dry (hydrothermal index = 0.89). Productivity depended on plant biology and meteorological conditions. Pea variety “Intensivny 92” showed high productivity ; it hit the top of the ranked list, exceeding the standard in both years. “Intensivny 92” exceeded the standard “Radomir” in green mass yield by 3.40 t ha-1 and“Orpela” — in grain productivity by 0.10 t ha-1. The profitability of green mass production of “Intensivny 92” was 53.7% higher than the standard. The profitability of “Orpela” grain production exceeded the standard by 8.8%. The sources of economically important traits were found: field pea “Orpela” — to increase grain yield; “Apostol” and “Intensivny 92” — for high green mass yield; “Tyumenskiy kormovoy”, “Shal”, “Orpela” — high seed productivity; “Albens” and “Orpela” — lodging resistance; Clause and Id 29200910 — resistance to Ascochyta leaf spot and aphids.

scholarly journals Cross-validation of GPS tomography models and methodological improvements using CORS network

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugues Brenot ◽  
Witold Rohm ◽  
Michal Kačmařík ◽  
Gregor Möller ◽  
André Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Vapour Density ◽  
Independent Observations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Using data from the Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS), recorded in March 2010 during severe weather in the Victoria State, in southern Australia, sensitivity and statistical results of GPS tomography retrievals (water vapour density and wet refractivity) from 5 models have been tested and verified – considering independent observations from radiosonde and radio occultation profiles. The impact of initial conditions, associated with different time-convergence of tomography inversion, can reduce the normalised RMS of the tomography solution with respect to radiosonde estimates by a multiple (up to more than 3). Thereby it is illustrated that the quality of the apriori data in combination with iterative processing is critical, independently of the choice of the tomography model. However, the use of data stacking and pseudo-slant observations can significantly improve the quality of the retrievals, due to a better geometrical distribution and a better coverage of mid- and low-tropospheric parts. Besides, the impact of the uncertainty of GPS observations has been investigated, showing the interest of using several sets of data input to evaluate tomography retrievals in comparison to independent external measurements, and to estimate simultaneously the quality of NWP outputs. Finally, a comparison of our multi-model tomography with numerical weather prediction from ACCESS-A model shows the relevant use of tomography retrieval to improve the understanding of such severe weather conditions, especially about the initiation of the deep convection.

scholarly journals The impact of sediment, fresh and marine water on the concentration of chemical elements in water of the ice-covered lagoon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Bełdowska ◽  
Agnieszka Jędruch ◽  
Dorota Sieńska ◽  
Wojciech Chwiałkowski ◽  
Artur Magnuszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Vistula Lagoon ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
Wind Mixing ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe common use of chemical elements by man has been contributing to their extraction for centuries. As a consequence, they have been directly or indirectly introduced into the biogeochemical cycle. In the framework of many conventions, mining and processing of elements are currently subject to many restrictions. However, their large load that has already been deposited in the soil and bottom sediments can be remobilised and enter the food chain. The identification of factors favouring this process is very important, especially during the period of adopting new legal regulations on limiting the emission of pollutants. It became possible in February 2018 during the persistence of ice cover on the lagoon’s surface. This allowed observation of processes, the effect of which in the absence of ice is blurred by wind mixing water. Therefore, an investigation of sources of 25 elements in a lagoon of the southern Baltic has been undertaken, based on the example of the Vistula Lagoon. The results point to the remobilisation of chemical elements (including the toxic ones) from land and bottom sediments, where they have been deposited for decades. These processes led to the accumulation of metals in certain areas of the lagoon. It may result in their uptake and accumulation in the benthic organisms inhabiting the lagoon and further transfer in the food chain. It is of major importance as the lagoons in the southern Baltic fulfil many essential functions in the scope of tourism, economy, and fishery. Thanks to restrictions on the quality of wastewater and the emission of pollutants, it has been noticed a substantial “purifying” effect of rivers, too.

scholarly journals Verification of the precision of GSM and GPS signals available on mobile devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
Mateusz Wlaź ◽  
Grzegorz Kozieł
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Heat Maps ◽  
Device Architecture ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
The Impact

The research work presents the study of the quality of telecommunications and satellite signals. For this purpose, a proprietary application for mobile devices has been designed, which allowed the collection data. The tests were performed on several models of cell phones and for different operators. The test checked the impact of such things as weather conditions, device architecture, device age, type of terrain. Based on the results, heat maps were created to visualize the research.

scholarly journals PROSPECTIVE PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER TRITICALE WHEN CULTIVATING IT FOR FORAGES IN THE PRIMORSK TERRITORY

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Author(s):  
T. A. Voloshina
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Climate Zone ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Green Mass Yield ◽  
Research Period

The paper highlights the results of agroecological experiments on 11 varieties of winter triticale. The experiments were conducted in the steppe climate zone of thePrimorskTerritoryin 2017-2018. The research aims at identifying the best varieties of fodder and grain forage, which are characterized by high productivity of green mass and grain with valuable economic features. Extreme weather conditions observed during the research period contributed to exploration of the crop response to bad environmental factors. Winter triticale winterhardiness was 0.3-2.1 points on average for varieties. The green mass decreased by 69% due to freezing. The researchers observed the highest prospective green mass yield (28.6-35.7 t/ha) in the following varieties: Tyumenskaya zernokormovaya, Zimogor, Kornet, which significantly exceeded the winter rye Spasskaya mestnaya productivity by 6.3-13.4 t/ha. The crop yield of these varieties was stable and changed insignificantly by 2.6-3.4 t/ha. The experiment revealed Agraf and Tornado varieties that contributed to the highest yield of digestible protein - 5.9 c/ha and available energy - 69.3-66.7 GJ/ha, exceeding the indicators of winter rye by 2 c/ha and 16.6-19.2 GJ/ ha. The authors claim the prospective variety is Tyumenskaya zernokormovaya, which had the highest yield of dry substance and available energy - 7.5 t / ha and 85.5 GJ / ha. These parameters were higher than those of the standard grain and productivity was by 0.5 tons / ha higher. This variety can compete with winter rye for fodder purposes. The winter triticale is a crop for risky cultivation in this climate zone. It can grow in the areas with high snow cover.

scholarly journals Red clover productivity affected by climatic conditions of the Middle Urals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Н. Зезин ◽  
П.А. Постников ◽  
М.А. Тормозин ◽  
А.Б. Пономарёв
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Green Mass Yield

Исследования по влиянию климатических условий на урожайность зелёной массы клевера лугового проведены в ФГБНУ «УрФАНИЦ УрО РАН» в 2007–2019 годах на тёмно-серой лесной тяжелосуглинистой почве. Целью данного исследования было выявление зависимости урожайности клевера лугового от климатических условий и последействия разных фонов удобрений в полевом севообороте. Анализ потенциальной продуктивности клевера и его ресурсной средообразующей роли осуществлён на основании полученных данных в трёх последних ротациях с 2007 по 2019 год в зернотравяном севообороте: 1. однолетние травы, поукосно рапс; 2. ячмень с подсевом клевера; 3. клевер 1-го года пользования; 4. пшеница; 5. овёс. В исследованиях применены три фона питания: 1. без удобрений (контроль); 2. минеральный фон (с применением умеренных доз минеральных удобрений из расчёта N30Р30К36 на каждый гектар севооборотной площади. Из 13 лет исследований большинство лет (77%) были умеренно влажными и влажнымми, а 23% — жаркими и засушливыми. При одногодичном использовании клевера основным лимитирующим фактором являлась влажность. Урожайность клевера зависела больше от степени увлажнения: максимальный сбор зелёной массы (25–30 т/га) получен при гидротермическом коэффициенте за вегетационный период более 1,1. В меньшей степени урожайность клевера зависела от последействия удобрений. При переходе от минерального к органоминеральному фону питания наблюдалась небольшая тенденция увеличения урожайности клевера лугового. Прибавка от внесения удобрений под покровную культуру во влажные годы не превышала 25%, что говорит о возможности возделывания клевера на окультуренных почвах без применения минеральных удобрений. Основную массу клевер формировал в первом укосе. Из 13 лет исследований вследствие засушливых условий дважды — в 2010 и 2012 годах — второй укос не сформировался, а после перезимовки 2016–2017 годов клевер полностью выпал. Урожайность первого укоса находилась в прямой корреляционной зависимости от степени увлажнения и в обратной — от суммы положительных температур. Investigations were conducted at the Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural branch RAS in 2007–2019. They focused on the effect of environment on green mass yield of red clover. Soil — dark grey with high clay content. The aim was to test the correlation between red clover productivity and weather conditions under different nutrient status in crop rotation. The data was collected from three crop rotations: 1. Annual grasses, postcut rapeseed; 2. clover overseeded into barley; 3. fist-year clover; 4. wheat; 5. oats. Most years (77%) were moderately humid and humid, 23% — hot and arid. Humidity influenced clover yield the most. The highest yield of green mass (25–30 t ha-1) occurred when hydrothermic coefficient exceeded 1.1. Fertilizers had less effect on crop performance. Combination of organic and mineral fertilizers slightly improved clover productivity. Yield increase reached 25% after cover crop fertilization in humid years indicating the irrelevance of clover cultivation on a mineral background. Clover yielded the best in the first cut. In 2010 and 2012 clover regrew poorly due to dry weather. In 2016–2017 clover did not germinate after winter. The first cut yield positively correlated with humidity and negatively — with mean daily temperature.

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