scholarly journals Adsorption of Methylene Blue Using Activated Carbon Made from Watermelon Rinds

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Garba ◽  
◽  
A. Tahir ◽  
A. K. Yusuf ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Stretching Vibration

This work reports the possibility of using sustainable waste from watermelon rinds as a potential candidate for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solution in batch mode. The adsorbent was characterized by FTIR and SEM where the FTIR analysis shows peaks at 3370 cm-1 that corresponds to –OH stretching vibration for lignin, pectin and cellulose, at 1728 cm-1 corresponds to –C=O stretching of esters, carboxylic acids, and as well peak in the range of 1350 – 1000 cm-1 which indicates stretching vibration of alcohols and carboxylic acids. The availability of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups enhance high MB uptake at lower pH. The SEM image of raw adsorbent shows no development of pores, but after carbonization the pores were developed due to escape of volatile groups during carbonization and activation process. Adsorption studies using batch mode were performed by varying adsorption parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH of the solution and initial dye concentration. The maximum capacity of the adsorbent was found to be 0.4g dosage, pH 4, 20mg/L of initial MB concentration and 60 minutes contact time that removes maximum of 197.5 mg g-1. The results indicated that watermelon rind is a successful agricultural waste that could be utilized for sustainable removal of cationic dyes in aqueous solutions.

Synthesis of Glutaraldehyde-Crosslinked Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Polyvinyl Alcohol Film as an Adsorbent for Methylene Blue

2020 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Dwi Siswanta ◽  
Rizky Wahyuni ◽  
Mudasir Mudasir
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Ftir Characterization ◽  
Desorption Study ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol Film

The glutaraldehyde (GA)-crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film had been synthesized and used as a methylene blue adsorbent. The films were prepared using a solution casting technique and characterized using FTIR spectrophotometer, SEM. Adsorption studies include pH, contact time, methylene blue initial concentration. Furthermore, the desorption study of films was carried out using NaCl, HCl and distilled water. The results of FTIR characterization showed similarities between the spectra of CMC-PVA-GA films with their component materials. The SEM image of CMC-PVA-GA films showed a non-porous surface. In the adsorption study, GA-crosslinked CMC-PVA films (1:2 w/w) exhibited the largest adsorption capacity of methylene blue at optimum conditions for adsorption at pH 7, contact time 200 min, methylene blue concentration of 200 mg L–1 which was 194 mg g–1. Methylene blue adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The desorption studies show that adsorption takes place through an ion exchange mechanism.

scholarly journals Utilization of agricultural waste adsorbent for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-578
Author(s):  
Adeyinka Sikiru Yusuff ◽  
Lekan Taofeek Popoola ◽  
Victor Anochie
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Onion Skin

In this study, a performance evaluation of an aluminium oxide modified onion skin waste (Al2O3/OSW) for the removal of heavy metal ions (Pb2+ and Cd2+) from aqueous solution was investigated under batch mode adsorption. The surface morphology, elemental composition, functional groups, textural characteristics and surface charge of the as-made Al2O3/OSW adsorbent were examined using SEM, EDX, FTIR, BET surface area and pHpzc techniques, respectively. The effects of initial cations concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and pH on adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ onto Al2O3/OSW were studied. The adsorption data obtained were evaluated by various adsorption isotherm and kinetic models. Results obtained showed that maximum removal percentages of Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 91.23 and 94.10%, respectively, at the optimum Al2O3/OSW dosage of 1.4 g, contact time of 180 min and aqueous solution pH of 6.0. The isotherm and kinetic studies showed a multilayer adsorbate-adsorbent system with the dominance of the chemisorption mechanism. The study concluded that onion skin waste is a viable, cheap and very effective alternative for removing heavy metal ions from water/wastewater.

Removal of Phosphate from Wastewater Using Carbonized Filter Cake

2018 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Woravith Chansuvarn
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Sample ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Phosphate Ion

The aim of this work was to study the potential of the agricultural waste byproduct as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of phosphate ion (PO43-) from synthetic wastewater. The simple preparation of carbonized filter cake (CFC) was performed at 550°C. CFC was also characterized using FTIR, X-ray fluorescence analysis. The adsorptive parameters of batch experiment, such as pH of solution, dosage and contact time were systematically studied in order to the optimization condition. The optimum conditions of pH, contact time and adsorbent dose were to be 6, 60 min, and 2 g/L, respectively. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to calculate the adsorption parameters that was able to describe the equilibrium isotherm and adsorptive mechanism. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of CFC was estimated as 20.32 mg/g. The optimized condition was applied for phosphate removal from synthetic wastewater. The achieved phosphate removal efficiency from synthetic wastewater sample was to be 92.4%. Filter cake is a low-cost byproduct of sugar cane but it can also highly effective remove phosphate ion from aqueous solution. The modification of filter cake surface via chemical reaction as a new adsorbent in order to increase surface sites and high affinity with phosphate ion will also be further studied.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of cellulose-based adsorbent for removal of anionic and cationic dyes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501982819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxia Yue ◽  
Jiwei Huang ◽  
Fang Jiang ◽  
Hong Lin ◽  
Yuyue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Synthetic dyes are widely used in textile, paper, plastic, and other industries, which are toxic and harmful to environment and human. Adsorption is an efficient method to control wastewater. Cellulose is an abundant, renewable, and eco-friendly polymer produced by plants and trees. An adsorbent for removal of dyes was successfully prepared by grafting amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer (NH2-HBP) and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto cotton fibers in this study. The adsorbent were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The influences of adsorption parameters in a batch mode including initial solution pH, contact time, and dye initial concentration were evaluated in the experiments. The experiment results showed that the adsorption equilibrium was reached within 6 h for Congo red and within 4 h for methylene blue. Both the adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies showed that the behaviors of Congo red and methylene blue removal by the adsorbent based on cotton fibers conformed with Freundlich model and fitted pseudo-second-order model, respectively.

scholarly journals A Cellulosic Fruit Derived from Nerium oleander Biomaterial: Chemical Characterization and Its Valuable Use in the Biosorption of Methylene Blue in a Batch Mode

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2539
Author(s):  
Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Mahjoub Jabli ◽  
Raoudha Soury ◽  
Shahid Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Decomposition Point ◽  
Synthetic Solution

Cellulose substrate waste has demonstrated great potential as a biosorbent of pollutants from contaminated water. In this study, Neriumoleander fruit, an agricultural waste biomaterial, was used for the biosorption of methylene blue from synthetic solution. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the presence of the main absorption peak characteristics of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin compositions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern exhibited peaks at 2θ = 14.9° and 2θ = 22°, which are characteristics of cellulose I. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a rough and heterogeneous surface intercepted by some cavities. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed more than a thermal decomposition point, suggesting that Nerium fruit is composed of cellulose and noncellulosic matters. The pHpzc value of Nerium surface was experimentally determined to be 6.2. Nerium dosage, pH, contact time, dye concentration, and temperature significantly affected the adsorption capacity. The adsorption capacity reached 259 mg/g at 19 °C. The mean free energy ranged from 74.53 to 84.52 KJ mol−1, suggesting a chemisorption process. Thermodynamic parameters define a chemical, exothermic, and nonspontaneous mechanism. The above data suggest that Nerium fruit can be used as an excellent biomaterial for practical purification of water without the need to impart chemical functionalization on its surface.

Nano-ZrO2/TiO2 Impregnated Orange Wood Sawdust and Peach Stone Shell Adsorbents for Cr (VI) Removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 880-892
Author(s):  
Şerife Parlayıcı ◽  
Kübra Tuna Sezer ◽  
Erol Pehlivan
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Equilibrium Status

Background: In this work, Cr (VI) adsorption on nano-ZrO2๏TiO2 impregnated orange wood sawdust (Zr๏Ti/OWS) and nano-ZrO2๏TiO2 impregnated peach stone shell (Zr๏Ti/PSS) was investigated by applying different adsorption parameters such as Cr (VI) concentrations, contact time, adsorbent dose, and pH for all adsorbents. Methods: The adsorbents were characterized by SEM and FT-IR. The equilibrium status was achieved after 120 min of contact time and optimum pH value around 2 were determined for Cr (VI) adsorption. Adsorption data in the equilibrium is well-assembled by the Langmuir model during the adsorption process. Results: Langmuir isotherm model showed a maximum adsorption value of OWS: 21.65 mg/g and Zr๏Ti/OWS: 27.25 mg/g. The same isotherm displayed a maximum adsorption value of PSS: 17.64 mg/g, and Zr๏Ti/PSS: 31.15 mg/g. Pseudo-second-order kinetic models (R2=0.99) were found to be the best models for describing the Cr (VI) adsorption reactions. Conclusıon: Thermodynamic parameters such as changes in ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° have been estimated, and the process was found to be spontaneous.

Effect of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Banana Stem Fiber on Mechanical Properties and Crystallinity of PLA Composite Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 170-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voravadee Suchaiya ◽  
Duangdao Aht-Ong
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Biocomposite Films ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Banana Stem

This work focused on the preparation of the biocomposite films of polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) prepared from agricultural waste, banana stem fiber, and commercial microcrystalline cellulose, Avicel PH 101. Banana stem microcrystalline cellulose (BS MCC) was prepared by three steps, delignification, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. PLA and two types of MCC were processed using twin screw extruder and fabricated into film by a compression molding. The mechanical and crystalline behaviors of the biocomopsite films were investigated as a function of type and amount of MCC. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PLA composites were increased when concentration of MCC increased. Particularly, banana stem (BS MCC) can enhance tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PLA composites than the commercial MCC (Avicel PH 101) because BS MCC had better dispersion in PLA matrix than Avicel PH 101. This result was confirmed by SEM image of fractured surface of PLA composites. In addition, XRD patterns of BS MCC/PLA composites exhibited higher crystalline peak than that of Avicel PH 101/PLA composites

scholarly journals Effective Magnetic MOFs Adsorbent for the Removal of Bisphenol A, Tetracycline, Congo Red and Methylene Blue Pollutions

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Guangpu Zhang ◽  
Rong Wo ◽  
Zhe Sun ◽  
Gazi Hao ◽  
Guigao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer

A magnetic metal−organic frameworks adsorbent (Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al)) was prepared by a typical solvothermal method for the removal of bisphenol A (BPA), tetracycline (TC), congo red (CR), and methylene blue (MB). The prepared Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al) composite adsorbent was well characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The influence of adsorbent quantity, adsorption time, pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of the mentioned pollutants were also studied by a UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacities were found to be 160.9 mg/g for BPA, 47.8 mg/g for TC, 234.4 mg/g for CR, 70.8 mg/g for MB, respectively, which is superior to the other reported adsorbents. The adsorption of BPA, TC, and CR were well-fitted by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, while MB followed the Freundlich model, while the adsorption kinetics data of all pollutants followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The thermodynamic values, including the enthalpy change (ΔH°), the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°), and entropy change (ΔS°), showed that the adsorption processes were spontaneous and exothermic entropy-reduction process for BPA, but spontaneous and endothermic entropy-increasing processes for the others. The Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al) was also found to be easily separated after external magnetic field, can be a potential candidate for future water treatment.

Removal of Methylene Blue and Orange-G from Waste Water Using Magnetic Biochar

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550009 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Mubarak ◽  
Y. T. Fo ◽  
Hikmat Said Al-Salim ◽  
J. N. Sahu ◽  
E. C. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Agitation Speed ◽  
Adsorption Kinetic ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Biochar ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Orange G ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The study on the removal of methylene blue (MB) and orange-G dyes using magnetic biochar derived from the empty fruit bunch (EFB) was carried out. Process parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed and contact time were optimized using Design-Expert Software v.6.0.8. The statistical analysis reveals that the optimum conditions for the maximum adsorption of MB are at pH 2 and pH 10, dosage 1.0 g, and agitation speed and contact time of 125 rpm and 120 min respectively. While for orange-G, at pH 2, dosage 1.0 g, and agitation speed and contact time of 125 rpm and 120 min respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of 31.25 mg/g and 32.36 mg/g for MB and orange-G respectively. The adsorption kinetic for both dyes obeyed pseudo-second order.

scholarly journals Application of modified green algae Nannochloropsis sp. as adsorbent in the simultaneous adsorption of Methylene Blue and Cu(II) cations in solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Buhani ◽  
Tri Agus Wijayanti ◽  
Suharso ◽  
Sumadi ◽  
Muslim Ansori
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Silica Matrix ◽  
Particle Coating ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Magnetite Particles ◽  
Simultaneous Sorption

AbstractBiomass of algae is a very potent adsorbent for absorbing aqueous waste containing heavy metals and organic dyes. This study purposes to confirm the ability of adsorbents from green algae Nannochloropsis sp. modified with silica (ASN) and followed by coating magnetite particles (ASN-MPs) to absorb simultaneously the mixture of Methylene Blue (ME) and Cu(II) cations in aqueous solution. Simultaneous sorption of ME and Cu(II) cations to ASN and ASN-MPs was carried out by the batch method with the interaction pH condition 7, contact time 90 min, and initial concentrations of ME and Cu(II) cations (0.1–1.0 mM). Based on adsorption data, Cu(II) cations have a greater adsorption rate and capacity (qm) compared to ME at the same contact time and initial concentration. The adsorption capacity (qm) values of the bi-component ME and Cu(II) cation mixture in ASN and ASN-MPs were 1.39 × 10− 1 and 5.32 × 10− 1 mmol g− 1, respectively, with the binary Langmuir adsorption isotherm constant for Cu(II) cations greater than ME. Modified adsorbent from algae Nannochloropsis sp. with silica matrix and magnetite particle coating is an adsorbent that has a high effectiveness in the collective sorption of ME and Cu(II) cations. Therefore, these adsorbents can be used for the adsorption of cation mixtures of heavy metals and organic dyes that are cationic in solution.

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