scholarly journals Sensitivity to antibacterial preparations Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.I. Smirnova ◽  
S.A. Makavchik ◽  
A.A. Sukhinin ◽  
S.V. Pankratov ◽  
T.N. Rozhdestvenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Livestock Products

Along with salmonellosis and Escherichiosis, intestinal campylobacteriosis caused by thermophilic campylobacter, primarily Campylobacter jejuni, is widespread. When studying the biological properties of isolated pathogens, great importance is attached to determining their sensitivity to antibacterial preparations and identifying preparation resistance. Livestock products, including poultry, are one of the most common sources of pathogenic campylobacter. Since antibiotics are often used in the process of growing and obtaining poultry meat, the acquired resistance of the campylobacter bacteria that colonize poultry products to the drugs used in veterinary medicine is likely. The spread of antibiotic-resistant strains in future can lead to decrease of the therapeutic effect in the treatment of severe forms of campylobacteriosis. In this article we present the results of determining the antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni cultures isolated from group samples of poultry products purchased in St. Petersburg in comparison with the antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni cultures isolated from group samples of chickens of the control groups, hatched without use of any antimicrobial preparations. Based on the results of our studies, we found that C. jejuni cultures isolated from group samples of poultry products purchased in St. Petersburg retail network have broad antibiotic resistance and are resistant to the effects of amoxicillin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin, cephalothin, gentamycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, lincomycin, ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole, but are sensitive to the action of nalidixic acid, imipenem, meropenem, chloramphenicol and furazolidone. Cultures of C. jejuni isolated from group samples of poultry products purchased in St. Petersburg retail network have a broader antibiotic resistance to antimicrobial drugs of various pharmacological groups compared to cultures of C. jejuni isolated from group samples of chickens from the control group. Broader antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni cultures isolated from group samples of poultry products purchased in St. Petersburg retail network is most likely associated with the use of various antimicrobial drugs when growing poultry in industrial poultry farming.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Aerotolerance, Antibiotic Resistance, and Virulence Gene Prevalence in Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Retail Raw Chicken and Duck Meat in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinshil Kim ◽  
Hyeeun Park ◽  
Junhyung Kim ◽  
Jong Hyun Kim ◽  
Jae In Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
The Common ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Profiling Analysis

Human infections with Campylobacter are primarily associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry meat. In this study, we isolated Campylobacter jejuni from retail raw chicken and duck meat in Korea and compared their aerotolerance, antibiotic resistance, and virulence gene prevalence. Whereas C. jejuni isolates from chicken dominantly belonged to multilocus sequence typing (MLST) clonal complex (CC)-21, CC-45 is the common MLST sequence type in duck meat isolates. C. jejuni strains from both chicken and duck meat were highly tolerant to aerobic stress. The prevalence of virulence genes was higher in C. jejuni strains from chicken than those from duck meat. However, antibiotic resistance was higher in duck meat isolates than chicken isolates. Based on the prevalence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance, fluoroquinolone-resistant C. jejuni strains harboring all tested virulence genes except virB11 were predominant on retail poultry. Fluoroquinolone-resistant C. jejuni strains carrying most virulence genes were more frequently isolated in summer than in winter. The comparative profiling analysis in this study successfully demonstrated that antibiotic-resistant and pathogenic strains of C. jejuni are highly prevalent on retail poultry and that retail duck meat is an important vehicle potentially transmitting C. jejuni to humans in Korea.

scholarly journals Evidence of Another Anthropic Impact on Iguana delicatissima from the Lesser Antilles: The Presence of Antibiotic Resistant Enterobacteria

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Gustavo Di Lallo ◽  
Marco Maria D’Andrea ◽  
Samanta Sennati ◽  
Maria Cristina Thaller ◽  
Luciana Migliore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

The improper use of antibiotics by humans may promote the dissemination of resistance in wildlife. The persistence and spread of acquired antibiotic resistance and human-associated bacteria in the environment, while representing a threat to wildlife, can also be exploited as a tool to monitor the extent of human impact, particularly on endangered animal species. Hence, we investigated both the associated enterobacterial species and the presence of acquired resistance traits in the cloacal microbiota of the critically endangered lesser Antillean iguana (Iguana delicatissima), by comparing two separate populations living in similar climatic conditions but exposed to different anthropic pressures. A combination of techniques, including direct plating, DNA sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing allowed us to characterize the dominant enterobacterial populations, the antibiotic resistant strains and their profiles. A higher frequency of Escherichia coli was found in the samples from the more anthropized site, where multi-drug resistant strains were also isolated. These results confirm how human-associated bacteria as well as their antibiotic-resistance determinants may be transferred to wildlife, which, in turn, may act as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of avian origin: Zoonosis and one health implications

2021 ◽  
pp. 2155-2159
Author(s):  
Wafaa A. Abd El-Ghany
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Enteric Infections ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Avian Origin

Zoonotic diseases are diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans and vice versa. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a pathogen with zoonotic nature. Commercial poultry could be infected with P. aeruginosa, especially at young ages with great losses. Infection of embryos with P. aeruginosa induced death in the shell, while infection of chicks led to septicemia, respiratory and enteric infections, and high mortality. Humans are also highly susceptible to P. aeruginosa infection, and the disease is associated with severe lung damage, especially in immunocompromised patients. Chicken carcass and related poultry retail products play an important role in the transmission of P. aeruginosa to humans, especially after processing in abattoirs. Treatment of P. aeruginosa infection is extremely difficult due to continuous development of antibiotic resistance. The transfer of antibiotic-resistant genes from poultry products to humans creates an additional public health problem. Accordingly, this study focused on avian pseudomonad, especially P. aeruginosa, with respect to infection of poultry, transmission to humans, and treatment and antibiotic resistance.

THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTSTHE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTSTHE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTSTHE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTSTHE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTSTHE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTSTHE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTSTHE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC FROM BACILLUS SUBTILIS STRAINS ON THE MINERAL AND VITAMIN COMPOSITION OF POULTRY PRODUCTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1128-1137
Author(s):  
A.M. Stepanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Poultry Farming

The production of high-quality and environmentally friendly products is one of the urgent problems of industrial poultry farming. We have developed a probiotic preparation "Nord-Bact" based on bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5 isolated from the permafrost soils of Yakutia for use in industrial poultry farming, starting with the processing of hatching eggs, including its use on young animals, chickens hens for the preservation, prevention and treatment of dysbacteriosis caused by pathogenic and opportunistic microflora. The aim of the work is to study the effect of the probiotic “Nord-Bact” on the mineral and vitamin composition of poultry products. Production tests were carried out at the Yakutsk Poultry Factory on 30 thousand laying hens of 45-46 weeks of age. Experienced groups of chickens took “Nord-Bact” probiotic at 5x107 CFU/bird daily, only with a difference in the timing of application: I - every 10 days for 2 months in a row, II - for 2 months. The control group did not take the probiotic. Also, young birds from 1 day old to 30 weeks of age in the experimental group received probiotic with water at the rate of 5x107 CFU/bird daily for 10 days every month in a row until the end of the experiment. All experiments were carried out on birds of the egg farming cross Rodonit-3. For biochemical studies, at the end of the experiments, samples of meat from pullets of 30 weeks of age and egg products from laying hens were taken. According to the results of the studies, it was found that after the application of the “Nord-Bact” probiotic in poultry meat, the content of the main macro and microelements (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, manganese, cobalt, copper, selenium, fluorine and zinc) and vitamins B12, A, E reliably rises compared with control. The use of the drug for laying hens markedly increases the amount of macro- and microelements, vitamins in the contents (white, yolk) and eggshells, compared with the control group. The use of the “Nord-Bact” probiotic in laying hens at a dose of 5x107 CFU/ bird for 10 days 2 months in a row increases the content of calcium, magnesium in the shell by 31% and phosphorus by 23%, and a significant increase of iron and vitamin A - by 12%, sodium - by 11%, magnesium - by 10%, potassium - by 6% and calcium - by 1.5% in the yolk compared to the control was also noted.

scholarly journals Novel Opportunity to Reverse Antibiotic Resistance: To Explore Traditional Chinese Medicine With Potential Activity Against Antibiotics-Resistance Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Su ◽  
Ye Qiu ◽  
Xuesi Hua ◽  
Bi Ye ◽  
Haoming Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Potential Activity

Antibiotic resistance is becoming significantly prominent and urgent in clinical practice with the increasing and wide application of antibacterial drugs. However, developing and synthesizing new antimicrobial drugs is costly and time-consuming. Recently, researchers shifted their sights to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Here, we summarized the inhibitory mechanism of TCM herbs and their active ingredients on bacteria, discussed the regulatory mechanism of TCM on antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and revealed preclinical results of TCM herbs and their active components against antibiotic-resistant bacteria in mouse models. Those data suggest that TCM herbs and their effective constituents exhibit potential blockage ability on antibiotic-resistant bacteria, providing novel therapeutic ideas for reversing antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Determination of quality of poultry meat in case of damage to ectoparasites

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
L. Nagorna ◽  
B. Vovk ◽  
D Dubinina
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Calorie Content ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Introduction. Obtaining high-quality and safe poultry products is impossible without an integrated approach and competent solution of biosafety issues in farms. In conditions of poultry rearing using intensive technologies, the problem of ectoparasitic poultry damage, in particular the chicken tick Dermanyssus gallinae, is quite acute. The defeat of the bird by temporary and permanent ectoparasites is the reason for the deterioration of the quality characteristics of poultry carcasses. The goal of the work. The purpose of our research was to determination of the quality of poultry meat when affected by ectoparasites. Materials and methods of research. These studies were conducted under the conditions of the Department of Veterinary Expertise, Microbiology, Zohygiene and Safety and Quality of Livestock Products of Sumy National Agrarian University. For the study, carcasses of poultry of slaughter conditions were selected from a farm unsuccessful for the red chicken tick Dermanyssus gallinae. Results of research and discussion. In the course of the studies, it was proved that the slaughter yield of meat in chickens that were infected with ectoparasites was less compared to the slaughter yield of poultry meat obtained from farms or poultry houses that are relatively ectoparasite. In the meat of sick poultry, the moisture content increased by 2-3% and protein by 1-2%, while at the same time reducing the amount of fat by an average of 4%. As a result of studies, it was found that the changes found in meat indicated the development of pathological processes in meat, which led to the intensification of spoilage processes. Studies of carcasses obtained from healthy poultry found that they retained freshness for 9 days, and carcasses received from sick poultry, already for 5 days did not match the freshness of meat. Conclusions and prospects for further research. Based on a set of studies, we found that the qualitative indicators of meat of healthy and sick poultry differed. Intravital damage to poultry by ectoparasites caused changes in the chemical composition of meat, a decrease in its calorie content and biological value. In the future, it is planned to determine the qualitative characteristics of poultry carcasses in the associated course of nematodes and aсarosis.

scholarly journals IncM Plasmid R1215 Is the Source of Chromosomally Located Regions Containing Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Globally Disseminated Acinetobacter baumannii GC1 and GC2 Clones

mSphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace A. Blackwell ◽  
Mohammad Hamidian ◽  
Ruth M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Multiple Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistance Island

ABSTRACT Two lineages of extensively antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii currently plaguing modern medicine each acquired resistance to all of the original antibiotics (ampicillin, tetracycline, kanamycin, and sulfonamides) by the end of the 1970s and then became resistant to antibiotics from newer families after they were introduced in the 1980s. Here, we show that, in both of the dominant globally disseminated A. baumannii clones, a related set of antibiotic resistance genes was acquired together from the same resistance region that had already evolved in an IncM plasmid. In both cases, the action of IS26 was important in this process, but homologous recombination was also involved. The findings highlight the fact that complex regions carrying several resistance genes can evolve in one location or organism and all or part of the evolved region can then move to other locations and other organisms, conferring resistance to several antibiotics in a single step. Clear similarities between antibiotic resistance islands in the chromosomes of extensively antibiotic-resistant isolates from the two dominant, globally distributed Acinetobacter baumannii clones, GC1 and GC2, suggest a common origin. A close relative of the likely progenitor of both of these regions was found in R1215, a conjugative IncM plasmid from a Serratia marcescens strain isolated prior to 1980. The 37.8-kb resistance region in R1215 lies within the mucB gene and includes aacC1, aadA1, aphA1b, bla TEM, catA1, sul1, and tetA(A), genes that confer resistance to gentamicin, streptomycin and spectinomycin, kanamycin and neomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline, respectively. The backbone of this region is derived from Tn1721 and is interrupted by a hybrid Tn2670 (Tn21)-Tn1696-type transposon, Tn6020, and an incomplete Tn1. After minor rearrangements, this R1215 resistance island can generate AbGRI2-0*, the predicted earliest form of the IS26-bounded AbGRI2-type resistance island of GC2 isolates, and to the multiple antibiotic resistance region (MARR) of AbaR0, the precursor of this region in AbaR-type resistance islands in the GC1 group. A 29.9-kb circle excised by IS26 has been inserted into the A. baumannii chromosome to generate AbGRI2-0*. To create the MARR of AbaR0, a different circular form, again generated by IS26 from an R1215 resistance region variant, has been opened at a different point by recombination with a copy of the sul1 gene already present in the AbaR precursor. Recent IncM plasmids related to R1215 have a variant resistance island containing a bla SHV gene in the same location. IMPORTANCE Two lineages of extensively antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii currently plaguing modern medicine each acquired resistance to all of the original antibiotics (ampicillin, tetracycline, kanamycin, and sulfonamides) by the end of the 1970s and then became resistant to antibiotics from newer families after they were introduced in the 1980s. Here, we show that, in both of the dominant globally disseminated A. baumannii clones, a related set of antibiotic resistance genes was acquired together from the same resistance region that had already evolved in an IncM plasmid. In both cases, the action of IS26 was important in this process, but homologous recombination was also involved. The findings highlight the fact that complex regions carrying several resistance genes can evolve in one location or organism and all or part of the evolved region can then move to other locations and other organisms, conferring resistance to several antibiotics in a single step.

scholarly journals Farming Practices Influence Antibiotic Resistance and Biogenic Amine Capacity of Staphylococci from Bulk Tank Ewe’s Milk

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1622
Author(s):  
Justa María Poveda ◽  
Lorena Jiménez ◽  
José Manuel Perea ◽  
Ramón Arias ◽  
María Llanos Palop
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Biogenic Amine ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Ewe's Milk ◽  
Bulk Tank

Staphylococci are one of the main microorganisms responsible for intramammary infections in sheep, causing important economic losses for farmers and eventually health problems in humans, especially by the consumption of dairy products made with raw milk containing toxic compounds, such as biogenic amines or antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study aimed to check the presence and safety of staphylococci in bulk tank ewe’s milk from different farms, and to determine the relationship between the presence of these staphylococci and farming practices, by applying nonlinear canonical correlation models (OVERALS). Two-hundred and fifty-nine staphylococci from milk samples from eighteen farms were genotyped and representative isolates of the major clusters were identified as belonging to Staphylococcus (S.) aureus, S. epidermidis, S. arlettae, S. lentus, S. simulans, and S. chromogenes species. Identified isolates were assayed in terms of their safety, by evaluating resistance to antimicrobial drugs and the aminobiogenic capacity, using both phenotypic and genetic assays. Antibiotic resistance phenotypic assay revealed that 82.9% were resistant to some antibiotics, although in the genotypic assay only the genes tetM, ermB, ermC, and grlA were detected. Fifty-three percent were high biogenic amine (BA) producers, being putrescine the most produced amine. A lowered risk of finding antibiotic-resistant and BA-producing staphylococci is related to some farming methods such as enrolling in a breeding program, use of good farming practices, postdipping teat disinfection, hygienic livestock housing, or periodic check of the milking machine.

scholarly journals Effect of Immuguard immune stimulator on broilers; productivity and quality of meat

2018 ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
А. Iu. Nadtochiy ◽  
M. V. Zabolotnyh
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

The authors highlight that broiler poultry is considered to be one of the most profitable and promising sectors of agriculture. At the same time, industrial technologies experience unsolved problems, such as death of young poultry in the first weeks of life due to the lack of resistible immune system, which is formed by the end of the third week. In this regard, development and application of immune stimulating specimens is a promising direction for stimulation and maintenance of natural poultry resistance and improve its economic parameters. The specimens used should not affect the quality and products safety. The example of such specimen is ImmuGuard; it was tested in the experimental vivarium conditions at the Department of Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of Livestock Products And Hygiene of Agricultural Animals at the Institute of Veterinary Medicine And Biotechnology of Omsk State Agrarian University. The researchers arranged three experimental groups from Ross broilers on the basis of similarity. 1st experimental group received the specimen dosed 150; second group of broilers -250 g / t of water during 18 days from the date of hatching, and the 3rd group was arranged as a control one. Growth and weight parameters were determined by individual weighing of poultry every seven days. The quality of broilers’ meat was assessed by means of conventional methods used in veterinary and sanitary assessment of poultry meat. The experience showed a positive effect of the specimen on live weight gain of poultry: the authors observed body weight of broilers aged 42 days from first experimental group was 4.12 higher; broilers from the 2nd group 1.39% in comparison with the control group. The authors highlight a significant increase in the average daily growth: the 1st group showed the growth on 32.21% from the 22nd to the 35th day in respect to the control parameters. Organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of meat of all groups conformed to GOST 31470-2012 and SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 standards.

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