scholarly journals Medicinal and prophylactic measures against bacteriosis in fish farming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.N. Yukhimenko ◽  
S.B. Tokareva ◽  
M.S. Kukin ◽  
L.I. Bychkova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Resistant Strains

The article reflects the negative impact on the microbiocenosis of water, fish and the environment of the uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs, under the influence of which foci of late autumn aeromonosis (Moscow region) and summer pseudomonosis (Rostov region) are formed in fish farms, opportunistic microorganisms: Aeromonads, Pseudomonads, Acinetobacteria, Moraxella, coliform bacteria change their morphological characteristics (capsules are formed in coliform bacteria and Moraxella, the swarming phenomenon characteristic of Proteus - in Acinetobacteria) and increase their virulence. Along with this, there is a large number of resistant strains of bacteria, antibiotic-dependent mutants in those farms where several courses of antibacotherapy were conducted, the active substance of which is ciprofloxacin, morphological changes in the skeleton were noted in fish, the spine acquired an S-shaped shape, and pinpoint hemorrhages appeared on the liver, like from a needle prick. Resistant strains acquire not only epizootic, but also epidemiological significance, especially for people working in the field of fish farming and forage production, because resistant strains by conjugation can transfer their R-factor of multiple resistance to any strains, which has now become a worldwide problem, according to WHO. In such a situation, the main method of struggle is prevention, increasing the immune-physiological status of fish by using probiotics, high-quality compound feed, creating conditions for a comfortable fish keeping. If a course of antibiotic therapy was carried out during the outbreak, then it is imperative to carry out a 7-10-day course of feeding with a probiotic.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Cyanobacteria and microcystins in hydroelectric reservoirs used for fish farming

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-994
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Falcone-Dias ◽  
Marianna Vaz Rodrigues ◽  
Jeppe Lund Nielsen ◽  
Nadieh de Jonge ◽  
Niels O. G. Jørgensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Hydroelectric Reservoirs ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Mcye Gene ◽  
Microcystin Production ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Abstract Fish farming can have a negative impact on water quality and aquatic organisms due to emerging blooms of Cyanobacteria and the production of cyanotoxins. In this study, the effect of aquaculture in hydroelectric reservoirs in Brazil was evaluated in six fish farms and in upstream and downstream water through analysis of the microbiome, Cyanobacteria and microcystin concentrations. Synechococcus and Microcystis were observed at all six locations, while Limnothrix was also observed abundantly at two locations. An increase in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria inside the fish farms was observed at two locations, while an increase of Cyanobacteria was observed in downstream at five of the six locations. Microcystins were detected in significant and high values in all locations, with concentrations up to 1.59 μg/L. The trend in microcystin concentrations was mirrored in copy numbers of the mcyE gene (encodes microcystin synthetase) and presence of Microcystis, but not in any of the other observed cyanobacterial groups. In summary, the study shows that aquaculture production influenced the water microbiome inside and downstream the fish farms, and a direct correlation was found between mcyE gene copies, microcystin production and abundance of Microcystis, but not for the total abundance of Cyanobacteria.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PROBIOTIC DIET ON HEMATOLOGY AND PISCICULTURAL PARAMETERS OF YEARLING HYBRIDS OF RUSSIAN AND SIBERIAN STURGEON

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Olga Nikolaevna Gutsulyuk
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Siberian Sturgeon ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Hematological Indices

In fish farming practices, stocking density is a key factor in determining the productivity and profitability of commercial fish farms. the use of probiotics as farm animal feed supplements increases the animals growth and improve its health by increasing its resistance to disease. this study was undertaken to examine the effect of dietary probiotics on yearling hybrids of russian and siberian sturgeon, based on hematological profile and piscicultural performance. the experience was carried out in 4 groups (control and treatment). in control group, probiotic was not applied in diet but in treatment groups, probiotics Bacell, Monosporin, and Prolam was administered in feed at a concentration of 2%. as a result, a positive influence on growth performance and survival rate were assessed together with improvement of physiological status (based on hematological indices). thus, probiotics addition to diet had the effect on erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, leucocyte count, percent of lymphocyte, serum total protein, percent of neutrophile and monocyte the results suggest that probiotics can stimulate immune parameters hybrids of russian and siberian sturgeon and can be successfully used in fishfarming.

IDE IT IS THE PROSPECTIVE OBJECT FOR AGRICULTURAL FISH FARMING

1970 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
G. Е. Servetnik
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Blood Cell Morphology ◽  
Leuciscus Idus ◽  
Potential Object

The Ide (Leuciscus idus) it is the cold-water fish, which allows for carp spawning usage for natural and artificial reproduction. The article presents materials about the Ide cultivation in the pond polyculture as potential object for agricultural reservoirs. The Ides are characterized by high immunological and physiological status; its blood cell morphology differentials contain up to 30% of the small lymphocytes (5 mkm). High activity of the humoral factor (congenital immunity) was indicated (complement - 0.24, properdin - 2.28 U / ml). Fish-biological estimation was carried out in fish farms in 1-2 fishing zones. Spawnings received from group were taken to grow two-year-olds yearlings. The weight of the yearlings varied within 5-7 g. Carps and Ides were realized in to the fishing pond with total area of 57 hectare with the density of 1000 unit/ ha and 20 unit/ha (2% in relation to carp) respectively. The biological features of these fish are briefly described and the questions of growing various age groups are considered, up to the formation of brood stocks. It is established that the Ides spawning is active in the conditions of carp spawning ponds, and the Ide’s intensity of growth in the first and second years of life in ponds is higher than in natural conditions. In the fishery "Shostka" the two-year-olds Ide reached 180... 200 g. A comprehensive assessment of the Ide producers in the "Shostka" and "Kirya" farms showed that Ide can be included in the Carp producing technology with the allocation of the wintering pond which will be harvested at an earlier time. In our opinion, it is most expedient to use the natural reproduction way – to spawn in early spring in spawning carp ponds, while the weight gain of the eggs can reach 300 ... 600 g.

Characteristics of the course of nephritis associated with Iga-vasculitis Henoch-Schoenlein in children

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
A. V. Sukalo ◽  
I. A. Kazyra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pediatric Nephrology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Lymphocyte Activation ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Iga Vasculitis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment Regimens

INTRODUCTION. Among systemic vasopathies in children, IgA vasculitis Henoch Schoenlein (HS) is the most common, according to various authors, kidney damage is noted in 25-80 % and usually determines the prognosis of the disease.THE AIM of the study was to analyze clinical, laboratory, immunological, morphological characteristics, features of the course and treatment of nephritis associated with IgA vasculitis HS in children, as well as factors affecting the prognosis.PATIENTS AND METHODS. The study included 31 patients with morphologically verified nephritis due to IgA vasculitis HS (18 – boys, 13 – girls) aged 3 to 17 years, who were monitored at the Nephrology Department of the "2nd Children's City Clinical Hospital" of the National Center for Pediatric Nephrology and Renal Replacement therapy in Minsk from 2010 to 2019 yrs.The following parameters were analyzed: the clinical variant of kidney damage, laboratory tests (including the study of BAFF, RANTES lymphocyte activation molecules, pro-inflammatory IL1β, caspase1, TNFα, growth factors VEGF, TGF), 24 hours monitoring and office blood pressure measurements, ECHO cardiography with indicescalculation, ultrasound of the carotid arteries with the thickness of intima-media complex, morphological changes in the renal tissue, as well as treatment regimens.RESULTS. The contribution of deGal-IgA1, markers of T and B lymphocytes activation, pro-inflammatory and profibrotic molecules in the development of the disease is shown. Arterial hypertension was registered in 42 % of children, signs of heart remodeling according to the calculated indices in 19,3 %. Decrease level of adiponectin, vitamin D, leptin, increase concentration of obestatin, Pro-BNP, hs-CRP, and TSAT indicator classify patients with nephritis due to IgA vasculitis HS at moderate risk for the developmentof cardio-vascular disorders, which suggests the need for timely correction.CONCLUSION. In most cases, nephritis with IgA vasculitis HS has a benign course with rare relapses and progression to the end stage of chronic kidney disease (6,5 %).

Fish farming in Denmark: environmental impact of regulative legislation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Iversen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Local Impact ◽  
The Impact

The main environmental problems associated with fish farming in Denmark are attributable to the dam, the “dead reach” and nutrient and organic matter discharge. The environmental regulation of fish farming in Denmark started with the Environmental Protection Act of 1974, the Statutory Order of 1985 forbidding wet feed, and the Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment of 1987. In the case of freshwater fish farms, the latter was implemented through the measures stipulated in the 1989 Statutory Order on Fish Farms. The impact of Danish legislative measures to reduce and regulate the environmental effects of freshwater fish farms can be summarized as follows: - the number of fish farms has been reduced from about 800 in 1974 to about 500 at present; - production has tripled since 1974 and has been stable since 1989; - a change from wet to dry feed has reduced the environmental impact of the farms; - the national goals of the Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment of 1987 for reducing fish farm discharges of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus have been fulfilled. The main remaining problems are that: - the local impact of fish farms on downstream stream quality is still much too high in about 15% of cases; - the problem of the passage of migrating invertebrates and fish is still unsolved at some farms; - the problems posed by “dead reaches” are still unsolved. It is concluded that sustainable fish farming is possible in Denmark, but with the present technology production will have to be significantly reduced.

Environmental impact of nutrients from nordic fish farming

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Enell
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
The North ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Inland Water Bodies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Feed Coefficient

During the last 20 years there has been an interesting development of the Nordic fish farming, with regard to the feeding and farming technology and to the increase in production quantities. During the period 1974-1994 the production increased from 15,800 to about 250,000 tonnes/year. In 1974 the major part of the production was in Denmark, and in 1994 the major part was in Norway. The nutrient impact of fish farming on surrounding sea areas is mainly a function of the feed coefficient, the feed composition and metabolic processes in the fish. The comprehensive development of the feed composition and the feeding technology has resulted in reduced load of unmetabolized nutrients from fish farms, calculated per tonne fish produced. In 1974 the mean Nordic feed coefficient was 2.08 and in 1994 the coefficient was 1.25. Feed coefficients of 1.0-1.1 are now reported for Danish and Norwegian freshwater and marine fish farms. The nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content of the feed has decreased, in addition the quality of the nutrient substances in the feed has changed, especially for N. The N content has decreased from 7.8 to 6.8% during the period 1974-1994 and the content of P has decreased from 1.7 to 0.7% during the same period. This development of the feed coefficient and the feed composition has resulted in a present load from a typical Nordic fish farm of 55 kg N and 4.8 kg P/t fish produced. The figures for 1974 were 132 kg N and 31 kg P/t fish produced. The Nordic fish farming production in 1994 resulted in a load of about 13,750 t N and about 1,200 t P on the actual recipients. The load from the Swedish, Finnish and Danish fish farming operations, with the Baltic Sea and the Skagerrak as the recipients, is negligible in comparison with other pollution sources. The quantities of N and P from the fish farming are equal to 0.5% of the atmospheric deposition on the sea surface and 3% of the atmospheric P load. Norwegian, Icelandic and the Faroe Islands fish farming operations are using the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea as the recipients. However, the nutrient load from single fish farms in certain coastal and inland water bodies can be significant and must be considered in the impact assessment together with other sources.

scholarly journals Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease with Mitral Valve Prolapse and Mitral Annular Disjunction: Clinical and Functional Significance of the Coincidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Nina C. Wunderlich ◽  
Siew Yen Ho ◽  
Nir Flint ◽  
Robert J. Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Valve Disease ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Basal Portion

The morphological changes that occur in myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) involve various components, ultimately leading to the impairment of mitral valve (MV) function. In this context, intrinsic mitral annular abnormalities are increasingly recognized, such as a mitral annular disjunction (MAD), a specific anatomical abnormality whereby there is a distinct separation between the mitral annulus and the left atrial wall and the basal portion of the posterolateral left ventricular myocardium. In recent years, several studies have suggested that MAD contributes to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral leaflets, and there is growing evidence that MAD is associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. In this review, the morphological characteristics of MAD and imaging tools for diagnosis will be described, and the clinical and functional aspects of the coincidence of MAD and myxomatous MVP will be discussed.

Growing commodity tilapia in various experimental conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
F. A. Altayeva
Keyword(s):  
Fish Farming ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Fish Breeding ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Short Time ◽  
High Fish ◽  
Experimental Ponds

The article presents the results of growing tilapia to marketable weight in experimental sites (Chilikskoye pond pond farms LLP, KATU named after S. Seifullin JSC and Kapshagai spawning farm — 1973 LLP). In the process of carrying out research works, the methods generally accepted in fish farming, hydrochemistry, hydrobiology, hydrology, ichthyology, as well as foreign normative and technical guidelines and methodological instructions on the technology of growing commercial tilapia in industrial conditions were used. Monitoring of hydrochemical analyses of water in ponds, swimming pools, and closed water supply installations is given. Fish-breeding and biological indicators of tilapia grown in various experimental conditions are presented. The results of the studies have shown the real possibility of growing tilapia in various conditions of fish farms in Kazakhstan. Based on the results of the work, the following conclusions were made: — satisfactory fish-breeding indicators were obtained with various cultivation technologies (as when growing tilapia in polyculture and monoculture in ponds, in pools, as well as cultivation in the recirculation system); — the cultivation of tilapia in the experimental ponds of the fish farm of the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan has shown the possibility of obtaining high fish-breeding biological indicators of tilapia and the ability to grow to marketable mass in a short time; — as a result of experimental cultivation in various conditions, it was found that the survival rate was not lower than 97%; — as a result of the analysis of the profitability indices of the developed technologies, it was found that the most profitable was the technology of growing marketable tilapia products in monoculture ponds on water with a natural thermal regime in Chilik Pond Economy LLP.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN BREEDING FISHING FARMS: ECOLOGICAL AND VETERINARY ADDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
A. M. Naumova ◽  
◽  
L. A. Rozumnaya ◽  
A. Yu. Naumova ◽  
L. S. Loginov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Health ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Significant Damage

The influence of ecological, epizootological and technological factors on fish health was studied. It is shown that disregard of environmental, technological and veterinary-sanitary requirements in the reproduction and cultivation of fish leads to the emergence of contagious and non-contagious diseases and causes significant damage to fish farming. The analysis of previously approved veterinary and sanitary rules, instructions, recommendations for breeding and commercial fish farms, as well as patent documentation and scientific publications in the field of ecological and veterinary research in fish farming is carried out. The possibility of using modern ecological and veterinary-sanitary achievements for the protection of fish health is shown. The complex system of preventive measures (organizational, environmental-technological and veterinary-sanitary), supplemented by modern ecological and veterinary achievements, in its implementation will allow to reduce losses of fish products and increase efficiency of production.

REACTION OF CD68-POSITIVE RAT LIVER AND SPLEEN CELLS ON SILICON INTAKE WITH DRINKING WATER

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Evgeniia A. Grigoreva ◽  
Valentina S. Gordova ◽  
Valentina E. Sergeeva ◽  
Alina T. Smorodchenko
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cytoplasmic Membrane ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Silicon Compound ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents data on the long-term effect (nine months) of a silicon compound supplied with drinking water – nonahydrate sodium metasilicate (10 mg/l in terms of silicon), on CD68-positive macrophages in the liver and spleen of laboratory rats. Changes in the morphological characteristics of this cell population were found. There was a decrease in the average cell area (in the liver of the control group of rats, the average macrophage area was 179.23±5.94 microns2, and in the group receiving silicon with drinking water – 117.04±3.35 microns2; in the spleen-136.02±3.93 microns2 and 103.44±2.8 microns2, respectively). Macrophages in the liver preparations of the experimental group of rats had a fewer processes and a darker cytoplasmic membrane. The number of macrophages in the liver per unit area was comparable, for the control group of rats it was 18.78±1.24, and for the rats that received with water with the addition of silicon – 19.41±0.75 cells. CD68+ macrophages of the red splenic pulp in laboratory rats that received silicon also underwent the following morphological changes: they were located in a denser way and had fewer processes, while the number of macrophages per unit area was 73.7±2.3 for the control group, 91.6±5.0-for the experimental group, respectively. The distance between them did not change. There was a change in the intensity of CD68 expression on the surface of the cytoplasmic membrane and in the cytoplasm of liver and spleen macrophages. These changes can be interpreted as the adaptive ability of liver and spleen macrophages to silicon introduced with drinking water. Given the heterogeneity of the macrophage population in the liver and spleen, further studies using markers for different subpopulations of macrophages are needed to clarify their role in the response of tissues to silicon supplied with drinking water.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document