scholarly journals Risk Behaviour and Youth Resilience-Based on Demographic Profile

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungjungan Simorangkir ◽  
Marina Letara Nababan ◽  
May Rauli Simamora ◽  
Winarti Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Guidance Services ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Difficult Times ◽  
Guidance Teachers ◽  
Youth Resilience

Youth who has the ability to adapt and survive in difficult times have a high level of resilience. This study aims to look at the dominant Behavior of adolescents currently and the youth resilience based on gender, types of school, and school major. The sample in this study was 264 high school teenagers in Indonesia. This study used a quantitative method with two design which is a cross-sectional survey and comparative studies. The results showed some of the most risk behaviors seen by students were smoking (84.09%), fighting parents (68.49%), skipping school (60.23%), fighting teachers and school principals (55.68%), and fighting between students (54.17%). The risk behaviors that were rarely seen by teenage students were drugs (5.68%), free sex (4.55%). Stealing (43.18%) and excessive drinking (41.67%) have moderate popularity. Also, there was no significant difference in resilience-based on gender, type of school, and school major. These studies provide an overview of schools of the importance of the availability of Counseling Guidance teachers in providing guidance services and resilience materials.

scholarly journals Comparative cross-sectional assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice among university students and employees towards the use of the microbiology laboratory equipment

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Muzaheed Muzaheed ◽  
Omar S. El-Masry ◽  
Ali A. Rabaan ◽  
Faisal Alzahrani ◽  
Amer Alomar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
High Level ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Continuous evaluation of students and employee’s knowledge and attitude in clinical laboratories is mandatory to ensure a high level of competency, proper practice and to assess the need for training, which shall be reflected on the quality of laboratory results. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice in microbiology laboratories among employees (at King Fahd Hospital of the University) and clinical laboratory students (at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University)    Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of 30 2nd year students, 26 3rd year students, 24 4th year students in the Clinical Laboratory Sciences department, and 30 employees. Participants completed a survey comprising 30 questions to assess their knowledge and attitude towards the use of equipment and practice in the microbiology laboratory. Results: The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the average scores of all levels of students regarding their knowledge (p = 0.85, 0.999, and 0.869), attitude (p = 0.883, 0.996, 0.853), and practice (p=0.633, 0.325, 0.858) in the microbiology laboratory. Employees scores (knowledge;5.03±2.646, attitude; 12.03±4.89, and practice; 7.7±6.11) were quite poor, as indicated by the lower average results than that of students (knowledge; 5.65±3.08, attitude; 13.25±5.33, and practice; 13.46±5.7). Conclusions: It is concluded that the knowledge, attitude, and practice of students and employees in the microbiology laboratory needs to be meticulously monitored and improved to ensure high achievement of learning outcomes and better overall performance in the laboratory. This may be achieved through using frequent quizzes and continuous education programs.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Perception in Regard to COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigerian Military Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 231-249
Author(s):  
A. J. Ogbole ◽  
J. S. Bisji ◽  
S. J. Umar ◽  
I. M. Jallo ◽  
S. O. Ezeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military

The study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and perception of Nigerian Military population towards the coronavirus outbreak. A web-based cross-sectional survey was used to collect from 216 data from military officers from the Nigerian Army, Nigerian Air Force and the Nigerian Navy. Majority of the study sample were males, 88.4% (n = 191) and more than half the respondents were between 21 to 30 years old (50.5%). Also, 82.4% of the sample were graduates and 54.2% married. 82.9% were from Nigerian Army and 57.9% were commissioned officers with 6-10 years’ work experience 49.5 (n=107). Results show that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors of gender, age, military type, religion, education and marital status and knowledge of COVID-19 (p>.05). Results further show that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors and perception of COVID-19 (p>.05), meaning there was no significant difference in perception of COVID-19 based on demographic factors. Finally, the results showed that there was no significant correlation between demographic factors and attitude to COVID-19 (p>.05).  Irrespective of gender or age for example, knowledge, attitude, and perception of COVID-19 was good among the military population. Despites high level of awareness among the study population, it was recommended that the military authorities in Nigeria further strengthen their health systems, as well as the knowledge of infectious diseases and pandemics which will help them to assist the government and in educating the general populace through their military-civilian interface.

scholarly journals Students’ Socio-Economic Status and Academic Adjustment in University of Sargodha

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 330-342
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Saifullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Academic Adjustment ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
Counseling And Guidance ◽  
The University

The study was about the influence of socioeconomic status on academic adjustments of undergraduate students. The study was a cross-sectional survey. The population was all the undergraduates enrolled in the university of Sargodha. Using a multistage random sampling sample of 550 students was selected. A modified scale ‘Socio-economic status surveys for students’ from Student to College Questionnaire (SACQ), were used and on the bases of pilot testing showing reliability coefficient Cronbach Alpha values 0.90 and 0.71respectively. Data were analyzed by calculating frequencies, percentages and mean score, t-test and one-way ANOVA. The major findings were that the majority of students had moderate academic adjustment; no significant difference was found in academic adjustment with respect to their SES. It is recommended that students’ may be provided with the opportunities of group projects and counseling and guidance to gain a high level of academic adjustment.

AWARENESS ABOUT INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Nadia Tariq ◽  
Tamkeen Jaffry ◽  
Rahma Fiaz ◽  
Abdul Majid Rajput ◽  
Sadaf Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
General Population ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Indoor air pollutants are increasingly being associated with respiratory illnesses leading to high degree of morbidity and mortality. There are not sufficient epidemiological studies from Pakistan which assess level of awareness of indoor air pollution resulting in respiratory diseases in population. Methods: This cross sectional survey was carried out on general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Sample size was 223 study subjects selected by non-probability convenient sampling. Knowledge of the study subjects was determined with regard to indoor air pollution, its effects on health and different sources of indoor air pollution with the help of a questionnaire. The influence of age, gender, educational status and socio economic status on the level of awareness was also analyzed. Results: Out of total 223 participants, 115 were males and108 females. Participants aware of indoor air pollution were 91.5% and adequate awareness about its sources was 80.7%. Those who knew indoor air pollution is detrimental to health were 95.1%. Awareness about building construction dust as source of indoor air pollution was maximum (84.8%). There was significant difference in awareness among participants with different monthly incomes and educational status and also between males and females. Conclusion: This study concludes that general population of Rawalpindi/Islamabad has fairly good awareness about sources of indoor air pollution. Use of harmful material causing indoor air pollution should be limited or substituted with better ones where possible.

scholarly journals Vaccination knowledge, attitudes and practices in patients with HIV: a cross-sectional survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rousset ◽  
G Voglino ◽  
E Boietti ◽  
A Corradi ◽  
M R Gualano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contagion Risk ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Infectious diseases are more common and severe in patients with HIV, which show different response to vaccines and a diminished protection. It is therefore very important to assess knowledge and attitudes towards vaccination in people with HIV, since precise vaccination coverage and vaccine hesitancy are not well established in this subgroup of patients. Methods A sample of 119 patients with HIV completed a cross-sectional survey. Patients were recruited during their routine medical examination at the infectious diseases clinic in Turin. The survey explored these main areas: demographics and history of HIV infection, vaccination history, attitudes towards vaccination, confidence in the public health system, contagion risk and disease seriousness perception. In this preliminary phase descriptive analysis were conducted. Results Preliminary data show that mean age of the participants was 49.51 years, 80% were males. The median of HIV infection duration was 10 years, while the median of the lymphocyte count was 762.50 cells/mm3. The disease with the highest vaccination coverage was tetanus (88.7%), considered a serious or very serious disease by 85.6% of the participants, despite low or very low contagion risk perception (84.1%). The disease with the lowest vaccination coverage was Herpes Zoster (7.3%), despite high or very high seriousness perception (70%). Furthermore, 99.1% of the participants showed high or very high confidence toward public health system professionals, and the majority of them (59.5%) stated that vaccines are more useful for the community than for the single person. Conclusions Vaccination coverage is still not fully satisfactory regarding diseases considered infrequent or mild. Considering the high level of confidence toward the public health system that has emerged, it is necessary to implement informative and operative strategies about vaccination for European HIV patients, which are particularly at risk regarding infectious diseases. Key messages Vaccination coverage and risk perception in HIV patients is not satisfactory for many diseases and an effort to implement informative strategies in Europe is needed. The role of vaccination in preventing infectious diseases in HIV patients should be recognized and strengthened by relying on the high level of confidence toward European public health systems.

scholarly journals Parental evaluation of a revised autism spectrum disorder diagnostic process for children under 36 months of age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Lemay ◽  
Shauna Langenberger ◽  
Scott McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background The Alberta Children’s Hospital-Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnostic Clinic (ACH-ASDC) was restructured due to long wait times and unsustainable clinic workflow. Major changes included the initiation of pre- and post-ASD parent education sessions and distinct ASD screening appointments before the ASD diagnostic appointment. Methods We conducted a parental program evaluation in summer 2018 of the ACH-ASDC. We used a cross-sectional survey to evaluate key outcomes including parental satisfaction, and the percentage of families obtaining access to government supports and early intervention programs. Results For the 101 eligible patients diagnosed with ASD under 36 months of age 70 (69.3%) parents agreed to participate. The mean diagnostic age of the children diagnosed with ASD was 30.6 months (SD=4.1 months). There were no statistically significant age differences between biological sexes. Ninety-three per cent of parents felt that ASD educational sessions were useful, and 92% of parents were satisfied to very satisfied with the overall ASD diagnostic process. Ninety per cent of parents had access to at least one of the key resources available for ASD early intervention in our province following diagnosis. Parents reported a positive impact on intervention provided to their child in the areas of communication, social interaction, and behaviour. Conclusion Parents of children diagnosed with ASD expressed a high level of satisfaction with the restructured ACH-ASDC process. Implementing parent education sessions was well received and met parents’ needs. Parents were able to access intervention services following diagnosis and reported positive impacts for their child. Re-envisioning program approaches to incorporate novel strategies to support families should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Assessing Factors Associated with TB Awareness in Nepal: A National and Subnational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5124
Author(s):  
Yoko Iwaki ◽  
Santosh Kumar Rauniyar ◽  
Shuhei Nomura ◽  
Michael C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
High Level

Tuberculosis (TB) has still remained a serious global health threat in low- and middle-income countries in recent years. As of 2021, Nepal is one of the high TB burden countries, with an increasing prevalence of cases. This study evaluates factors associated with TB awareness in Nepal. This study uses data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey carried out from June 2016 to January 2017. Multilevel logistic regression is performed to examine the association of demographic and socioeconomic factors with TB awareness. Our findings show a high level of TB awareness in all seven provinces of Nepal. Province 5 has the highest level of awareness (98.1%) among all provinces, followed by provinces 3 and 4, while province 6 has the lowest awareness level (93.2%) compared to others. Socioeconomic factors such as wealth, education and owning a mobile phone are significantly associated with TB awareness. Socioeconomic determinants are influential factors associated with TB awareness in Nepal. The wide variation in the proportion of awareness at a regional level emphasizes the importance of formulating tailored strategies to increase TB awareness. For instance, the use of mobile phones could be an effective strategy to promote TB awareness at a regional level. This study provides valuable evidence to support further research on the contribution of information and communication technology (ICT) usage to improving TB awareness in Nepal.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity among Tibetan adolescents aged 12-17 years

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Yunfei Zhang ◽  
Jiahong Sun ◽  
Min Zhao ◽  
Costan G. Magnussen ◽  
Xi Bo
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of thinness, overweight and obesity among Tibetan adolescents aged 12-17 years. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Shigatse city of Tibet municipality, with an average altitude of more than 4000 m. Subjects: Study participants included 2,642 adolescents aged 12-17 years selected from 6 schools using a convenient cluster sampling method. Results: The prevalence of thinness/overweight/obesity among Tibetan adolescents was 9.4%/5.4%/1.4% (China definition), 14.7%/4.4%/0.7% (IOTF definition), and 2.8%/5.7%/0.9% (WHO definition). The prevalence of thinness and overweight was significantly different between both sexes based on each of three BMI classification criteria (P <0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of obesity between both sexes according to each of three BMI criteria. There was no clear trend in the prevalence of thinness across ages according to the China or IOTF definition (both P >0.05), whereas an upward trend was observed for thinness in boys according to the IOTF definition (P for trend <0.05). In contrast, the prevalence of thinness tended to decrease with increasing age in girls according to the IOTF definition, and in total sample according to the WHO definition (P for trend <0.05). Conclusions: Among Tibetan adolescents, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is relatively low, while the prevalence of thinness is high, especially in boys. These data suggest urgent attention is needed to control adolescent thinness in Tibet.

Pengamalan Hidup Beragama dalam Kalangan Mahasiswa Institut Pengajian Tinggi Islam di Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-93
Author(s):  
Nazneen Ismail ◽  
Norul Huda Bakar ◽  
Mariam Abd. Majid ◽  
Hasnan Kasan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Religious Devotion ◽  
Muslim Religiosity ◽  
High Level

Religious life, which also refers to piety, is the highest level as a Muslim. It is achieved through the practice of religious devotion and appreciation based on true understanding. As students of Islamic Institutes of Higher Education (IPTI), they have a reputation as a group that understands and practices Islam in everyday life. This includes faith, worship, and morals. Various studies have been conducted to evaluate the religious life of university students. However, studies on students of Islamic Institutes of Higher Education (IPTI) have received inadequate attention. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the level of religious practice among students of Islamic Institutes of Higher Education (IPTI) in Malaysia. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional survey approach by distributing the Muslim Religiosity Personality Inventory questionnaire or the MRPI (2011) to students from four selected Islamic Institutes of Higher Education (IPTI). The selection was conducted using zone-based methods, namely, UIAM (West), USIM (South), UniSHAMS (North), and KUIPSAS (East). A total of 400 sets of questionnaires was distributed randomly to students from the selected universities. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency and mean. The findings show that students possess a high level knowledge of Islamic values and a high religiosity personality. Thus, this study is a basis to the requirement for establishing a specific model in the development of religious life so that empowerment can be done from time to time with the supervision of the university. ABSTRAK Hidup beragama juga disebut sebagai takwa merupakan tingkatan tertinggi sebagai Muslim. Ia dicapai melalui pengamalan dan penghayatan agama yang tinggi berasaskan kepada kefahaman yang benar. Sebagai mahasiswa Institut Pengajian Tinggi Islam (IPTI) mereka mempunyai imej sebagai golongan yang memahami dan mengamalkan Islam dalam kehidupan seharian. Ini meliputi akidah, ibadah dan akhlak. Pelbagai kajian telah dijalankan untuk menilai tahap hidup beragama mahasiswa universiti. Namun, kajian terhadap mahasiswa IPTI didapati kurang diberikan tumpuan. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan mengenalpasti tahap pengamalan hidup beragama dalam kalangan mahasiswa Institut Pengajian Tinggi Islam (IPTI) di Malaysia. Kajian ini bersifat kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan keratan rentas dengan mengedarkan borang soal selidik Muslim Religiositi Personality Inventory atau singkatannya MRPI (2011) kepada mahasiswa daripada empat buah IPTI terpilih. Pemilihan IPTI dilakukan melalui kaedah penentuan zon iaitu UIAM (Barat), USIM (Selatan), UniSHAMS (Utara) dan KUIPSAS (Timur). Sebanyak 400 set soal selidik diedarkan kepada mahasiswa universiti secara rawak bebas. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif melibatkan frekuensi dan min. Dapatan menunjukkan mahasiswa mempunyai tahap pengetahuan sarwajagat Islam dan personaliti religiositi yang tinggi. Justeru, kajian ini menjadi asas kepada keperluan pembinaan model khusus bagi pembangunan hidup beragama supaya pemerkasaan dapat dilakukan dari masa ke masa dengan pemantauan daripada pihak universiti.

scholarly journals Does a Comparison View Improve the Reliability of Staging Wrist Osteoarthritis?

Hand ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. L. ten Berg ◽  
Tessa Drijkoningen ◽  
Thierry G. Guitton ◽  
David Ring
Keyword(s):  
Survey Study ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Scaphoid Nonunion ◽  
Educational Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Improve Reliability ◽  
Comparison View

Background: Radiological grading of wrist osteoarthritis associated with scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) can be difficult. A comparison radiograph of the contralateral healthy wrist and an educational training in the various SNAC stages may improve reliability. Our purposes were to evaluate the difference in the reliability: (1) between observers who rate SNAC wrists with and without a comparison radiograph; and (2) between observers who receive training prior to ratings and those who do not. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey study, 82 fully trained orthopedic or hand surgeons rated anteroposterior radiographs of 19 patient wrists following a scaphoid nonunion based on SNAC stages 0 to 4. Observers were randomized online in 4 groups: one group rated unilateral views without training, a second group unilateral views with training, a third group bilateral views without training, and a fourth group bilateral views with training. Training included a 1-page clarification of the SNAC stages. Interobserver agreement was calculated using kappa statistics. Results: There was no significant difference between agreement between observers who rated unilateral radiographs (κ = 0.55) and who rated bilateral radiographs (κ = 0.58) ( P = .14), nor between agreement between observers who received training (κ = 0.59) and who did not (κ = 0.54) ( P = .058). Conclusions: The use of an additional comparison view and/or training does not seem to be clinically relevant in SNAC staging. There is room for improvement in the way we assess patients with SNAC wrists.

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