Assessment of trace metals and physicochemical parameters of commercially available honey in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Mean Concentration

Trace metal contents and quality parameters (physicochemical properties) such as pH, electrical conductivity and ash content of four Ethiopian honeys were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, pH-meter, conductivity meter and ashing, respectively. The optimized wet digestion method for honey analysis was found efficient for the metals determined and it was validated through the recovery experiment and a good percentage recovery was obtained (93-104%). Fe was found in highest amount with mean concentration ranging from 5.37 to 12.4 μg/g followed by Ni with mean concentration range of 0.80 to 4.46 μg/g, Cr (1.20-4.33 μg/g), Zn (1.92-4.22 μg/g), Co (0.60-1.17 μg/g), Mn (0.16-0.89 μg/g), Cd (ND-0.69 μg/g) and Cu (0.09-0.47 μg/g). The toxic metal Pb was not detected. The ranges of physicochemical properties determined were summarized as: pH 4.11-4.33, electrical conductivity of 0.10-0.29 mscm-1 and ash content 0.17-0.46%. The metals content and the physicochemical properties investigated in honey samples were found within the ranges established by national and international standards.

scholarly journals From the Beehives: Identification and Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Algerian Honey

Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Guerzou ◽  
Hani Amir Aouissi ◽  
Ahlem Guerzou ◽  
Juris Burlakovs ◽  
Salaheddine Doumandji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Codex Alimentarius ◽  
Index Analysis ◽  
Geographical Locations

In this study, the authors aimed at characterizing 11 Algerian kinds of honey taken from various geographical locations (beehives located at Djelfa (Medjbara and Dzaira), Laghouat, Aflou, Medea, Tiaret, Sidi bel-Abbes, Tiaret, Ain-Safra, Mostaganem, El Bayadh, and Ghardïa). The authors investigated the physicochemical parameters of these honey samples, including density, water content, electrical conductivity, ash content, pH, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content, free acidity, and color. The physicochemical parameters obtained were found to be within acceptable ranges according to the international standards (Codex Alimentarius) for 9 out of 11 analyzed samples: density 1.38–1.50 g/cm3 (the same as kg/L, as commonly used for honey), water content 14.03–18.80%, electrical conductivity 0.38 × 10−1 − 6.41 × 10−1 mS/cm, ash content 0.06–0.48%, pH 3.50–4.50, free acidity 11–47 meq/kg, and color 1.1–9.2 Pfund index. Analysis of HMF content showed that only two honey samples have high values (117.7 and 90.0 meq/kg). Most samples of Algerian honey are of suitable quality according to international standards.

scholarly journals Quality Assessment of Raw Honey Issued from Eastern Romania

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Aida Albu ◽  
Cristina-Gabriela Radu-Rusu ◽  
Ioan Mircea Pop ◽  
Gabriela Frunza ◽  
Gherasim Nacu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
Raw Honey

Romania is known among the main European honey producers, due to the variety of landforms as well as the diversity of the flora. Thirty-four honey samples of the acacia, linden and multifloral types, produced in eastern Romania and collected during 2013–2018, were physico-chemically analyzed using methods provided by the national and EU standards. The results of water-insoluble solids, color and refractive index were found to be 0.023–0.131%, 0.3–76.4 mm Pfund and 1.485–1.499, respectively. The moisture content ranged between 15.20% and 20.77%, solid substances content ranged between 79.23% and 84.80% and total soluble substances content ranged between 77.83 °Brix and 83.26 °Brix. The obtained values of specific gravity were from 1.414 to 1.450 g/cm3, pH ranged from 3.673 to 5.503 and free acidity ranged between 2.4 meq and 50 meq kg−1. The ash content and the electrical conductivity varied between 0.030 and 0.543% and 130 and 679 µS cm−1, respectively. Pearsonʹs correlation analysis showed an intense association of the ash content with electrical conductivity (r = 0.81). Our findings reveal the qualitative level of Romanian honey and the variation in quality parameters due to factors such as geographical region, climatic conditions, botanical origin and handling or storage conditions.

scholarly journals Distribution of some heavy and essential metals Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe and Zn in Mango fruit (Mangifera Indica L.) cultivated in Different Regions of Pakistan

10.13171/297 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
NUSRAT Jalbani ◽  
Mustafa Tuzen ◽  
Funda Aydin ◽  
Shahid Bhutto
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Certified Reference Materials ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Mango Fruit ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

 In the present study, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Fe from 50 mango samples (Mangifera indica L.) were detected by electro-thermal/flame atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS/FAAS). In this study three varieties such as Dusahri, Langra and Chaunsa were collected from different regions (Multan, Sadiqabad, Rahimyar Khan and Mirpurkhas) of Pakistan.  The effect of different varieties and environmental conditions on metal accumulation was also investigated. The aim of this study is to compare the level of essential and toxic metal in different regions and correlate the differences observed in metal accumulation to environmental conditions. The accuracy of the conventional acid digestion (CAD) method was checked by analyzing Certified Reference Materials (CRM) i.e. fortified water (TMDA-70), apple leaves (1515) and standard addition technique. The limit of detections (LODs) of the method were found to be 0.113, 2.0, 22.7, 3.85 and 3.05 µg L-1 for Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, and Zn, respectively.

Tin Ore Tailing Reservoir Dominant Plants Heavy Metal Accumulation Characteristics of Yunnan

2013 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 813-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Gang Zhang ◽  
Ruo Peng Yang ◽  
Han Yuan ◽  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Accumulation Coefficient ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Plant Transfer

According to the field investigation, collecting five kinds of dominant plant from tin ore tailing reservoir of Gejiu and tailing reservoir soil samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of five kinds of dominant plant roots, stems, leaves and its growth soil’s Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd contents, and analyzes five kinds of plant transfer and accumulation coefficient. The results showed that: soil heavy metal pollution is serious, especially Cd pollution; Lactuca indic L、Cattail、Alopecurus aequalis and Cyperus rotundus L. plants of heavy metal contents are the same, all is Zn﹥Cu﹥Pb﹥Cd, but four kinds of heavy metal contents are Pb﹥Zn﹥Cu﹥ Cd in Neyruadia plants; Lactuca indic L、Cyperus rotundus L、Alopecurus aequalis and Cattail to Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd four kinds of heavy metals accumulation ability is weaker. But from the root to the ground part organ transfer ability aspects: four kinds of heavy metal in Lactuca indic L is strong, Pb and Cd two elements in the Cyperus rotundus L is more stronger, Cd in Alopecurus aequalis is more stronger, Zn, Cu and Cd in Cattail is more stronger; the accumulation and transfer coefficient are larger than one, it was a better plant which removes Pb.

scholarly journals Limnology of lake Surinsar, Jammu, J&K: Part II – Water chemistry

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
D. Slathia ◽  
S. P. S. Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Detectable Limit

Water quality parameters viz. air temperature (15.21 0 C -36 0 C/16.71 0 C - 39.42 0 C), water temperature (13 0 C-32.42 0 C/15 0 C-32.8 0 C), depth (42cm-69.08cm/ 25cm-121.92cm), turbidity (3.88-46.27NTU/3.67-69.39 NTU), salinity (0.10-0.31ppt/ 0.10-0.37ppt), electrical conductivity (0.101-0.172mS/cm/0.114-0.279mS/cm), TDS (49.63-111.78 mg/l/57.64-177.01mg/l), pH (7.92-9.82/7.80-9.09), free CO2 (0-19.22mg/l/0-15.32mg/l), DO (6.82-9.90mg/l/4.65-9.40mg/l), carbonate (0-18.38mg/l/0-20.63mg/l), bicarbonate (60.99-170.70mg/l/77.62-168.70mg/l, chloride (7.41-12.35mg/l/9.59-19.60mg/l), calcium (6.85-38.50mg/l/11.81-140.49mg/l), magnesium (4.62-7.22mg/l/3.86-39.05mg/l), total hardness (40.29-125.50 mg/l/56.61-511.05mg/l), BOD (3.12-5.79mg/l/1.31-16.21 mg/l), COD (17.74-75.42 mg/l/ 26.57-73.03mg/l), sodium (14.2-22.5mg/l/12.2-30.9mg/l), potassium (1.83-4.17mg/l/2.25-6.21mg/l), phosphate (0.048-0.233mg/l/0.008-0.603mg/l), nitrate (0.13-1.3mg/l/0.11-4.08mg/l), sulphate (1.60-19.19mg/l/1.36-15.70mg/l), silicate (0.14-4.23mg/l/0.27-7.05mg/l), iron (0-0.65/0-0.40mg/l), copper (below detectable limit) and zinc (below detectable limit), of lake Surinsar-the only source of drinking water to the inhabitants of the Surinsar village, have been reported monthly, during the year 2002-03/2003-04. WQI range falls from poor (70.45, December; 73.55, October; 74.4, November and 74.56, September/ 74.52, January and 75.36, September), very poor(82.54, February; 89.25, May; 80.76, August and 78.86, January/ 80.89, February; 98.25, April; 80.03, June; 82.26, July; 86.55, October and 83.03, November) to unfit (100.44, June; 101.9, July; 103.86, April and 119.5, March/ 103.73, May; 108.28, March; 122.56, August and 103.72, December). Comparison of range of various water quality parameters of Surinsar lake water, with national and international standards has also revealed that most of these parameters are beyond permissible limits. This clearly indicates the unsuitability of raw water, generally consumed by local inhabitants, for human consumption.

scholarly journals Review of constructive analytical methods for determining the amount of aluminum in environmental and human biological samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farnaz Hosseini ◽  
Sara Davari ◽  
Mojtaba Arjomandi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Agricultural Food

Aluminum is a toxic metal and causes pollution in soil, water, and air. Afterward, a lot of patients suffer renal failure due to the accumulation of aluminum in the tissues of kidneys. Also, a high concentration of aluminum in plants tissues makes agricultural food toxic. Therefore, measuring aluminum in water, soil, air, human organs, tissues of plants and each food (or agricultural product is so necessary for protecting human health. Also, the effect of some parameters such as pH and temperature on decrease or increase in the amount of aluminum in water and other samples are stated. In this review, the analytical methods such as fluorimetric, ICP-MS, colorimetric, graphite furnace/flame atomic absorption spectrometry, etc. which have been applied for measuring the amount of aluminum (especially   ) in environmental and human biological samples are assesse

scholarly journals Determination of the heavy metal contents of frequently used herbal products in Pakistan

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-382
Author(s):  
Tehseen Quds ◽  
Maryam Ahmed ◽  
Sadia Shakeel ◽  
Nusrat Jalbani ◽  
Farah Mazhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Level ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Health Organization

Purpose: To determine the heavy metal content of selected local and international herbal medicines sold for the treatment of various diseases in Pakistan. Methods: The different dosage forms of herbal medicines assessed were crude forms of syrups, gel, capsule, powder and tonic. Wet digestion method was used to prepare the herbal samples using nitric acid, and then analyzed for arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg), using MHS-15 mercury/hydride system and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Results: The investigated results displayed the Arsenic level (0.00 ppm to 0.580 ppm); Cadmium (0.001 ppm to 0.006 ppm); Lead (0.00 ppm to 1.078 ppm) and Mercury (0.001 ppm to 0.012 ppm). All results were found below the permissible limit of acceptability intake of the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Herbal Products Association (AHPA). The pH of the samples were in the range of 1.52 to 6.99. Conclusion: The findings reveal that the investigated herbal products available in Pakistan are safe with reference to heavy metals, and considered non-toxic for human consumption.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Essential and Toxic Metals in the Blood of Spondyloarthropathy Patients and Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1935-1950
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Metal Levels

The present study aims to evaluate selected essential and toxic metal levels in the blood of spondyloarthropathy patients compared to healthy subjects. The blood samples collected from both donor groups were digested in a mixture of nitric/perchloric acid. The metal contents were quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. The comparative distribution of the metals in patients was significantly different from the healthy subjects. Comparison of the metals data indicated that Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, and Mn levels were significantly higher in the patients, whereas Ca, Mg, and Zn contents were substantially higher in healthy subjects. The correlation study showed significant positive relationships among Pb-Co, Mn-Cd, Cu-Ca, Pb-Mn, Cr-Co, Mn-Co, and Pb-Cr, while significant negative correlations were noted Zn-Ca, Zn-Fe, and Cd-Ca in the patients. Multivariate PCA and CA indicated mutual associations among the essential and toxic metals in patients, whereas, in healthy subjects, the essential and toxic metals revealed entirely diverse apportionment. Effects of demographic factors such as gender, habitat, food habits, and smoking habits on the distribution of metals in both donor groups were also evaluated. The study revealed significantly diverse distribution, correlation and apportionment of the metals in the patients compared to healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Characterization of Kenyan Honeys Based on Their Physicochemical Properties, Botanical and Geographical Origin

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Wanjiru Warui ◽  
Lise Hansted ◽  
Mary Gikungu ◽  
John Mburu ◽  
Geoffrey Kironchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Local Level ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Free Acidity ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
West Pokot ◽  
Parameter Values

Properties and composition of honey are essential in providing information regarding their quality as well as in their differentiation based on production region characteristics, e.g., floral sources. This paper presents physicochemical properties and floral sources (botanical origin) of 21 honey samples obtained from arid and semiarid areas of Kenya, specifically, West Pokot, Baringo, and Kitui Counties. Physicochemical parameters which were analyzed to determine honey quality included moisture content, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), diastase activity, free acidity, and electrical conductivity. Values of these parameters were compared with those of the existing local, regional, and international standards for honey. Melissopalynological analysis (pollen analysis) was also carried out to provide information on botanical origin of the honeys. Results showed mean parameter values of moisture, 16.34%; HMF, 23.28 mg/kg; diastase activity, 10.67 Schade units; free acidity, 22.95 meq/kg; and electrical conductivity, 0.40 mS/cm. Free acidity and electrical conductivity values of honey samples obtained from West Pokot were significantly lower than the values of honeys from Baringo and Kitui. Eighteen (18) honey samples had all parameter values within the limits set in the East African, Codex Alimentarius, and the European Union directive standards for honey. Results also showed a total of 29 pollen types in the honey samples analyzed, and Acacia spp. was the predominant pollen type in 4 of the 21 honey samples. Findings of this study showed that Kenyan origin honeys can tap into the existing regional and international markets based on their quality which can be attributed to their botanical origin. Results of this study also suggested that honey producers have undertaken appropriate measures in honey harvesting, processing, handling, and storage. However, there is a need to build capacity of producers whose honey were of unacceptable quality. This would involve training on proper honey production, processing, and handling practices as well establishment of honey collection and processing centres at the local level in order to improve honey quality. This will enhance access to existing honey markets. Conservation of bee floral sources would also be needed to maintain honey quality.

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