scholarly journals Status of our Science

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt Motyl ◽  
Alexander Pantelis Demos ◽  
Timothy S Carsel ◽  
Brittany Elyse Hanson ◽  
JP Prims ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Debate ◽  
Scientific Quality ◽  
Great Length ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

The scientific quality of social and personality psychology has been debated at great length in recent years. Despite research on the prevalence of questionable research practices (QRPs) and the replicability of particular findings, the impact of the current discussion on research practices is unknown. The current studies examine whether and how practices have changed, if at all, over the last 10 years. In Study 1, we surveyed 1,166 social and personality psychologists about how the current debate has affected their perceptions of their own and the field’s research practices. In Study 2, we coded the research practices and critical test statistics from social and personality psychology articles published in 2003-2004 and 2013-2014. Together, these studies suggest that (1) perceptions of the current state of the field are more pessimistic than optimistic; (2) the discussion has increased researchers’ intentions to avoid QRPs and adopt proposed best practices, (3) the estimated replicability of research published in 2003-2004 may not be as bad as many feared, and (4) research published in 2013-2014 shows some improvement over research published in 2003-2004, a result that suggests the field is evolving in a positive direction.

The Development of Agritourism in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship in the Light of International and National Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 244-261
Author(s):  
Mariola Tracz ◽  
Małgorzata Bajgier-Kowalska ◽  
Radosław Uliszak
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Central Statistical Office ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
District Offices ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Podkarpackie Voivodeship is one of the regions of Poland in which the number of agritourism entities is very high. Therefore tourism plays a significant role in its development strategy. The aim of the paper is to identify the current state of agritourism and the changes that have occurred in the region in the years 2000–2016. Specific objectives are to determine the distribution of agritourism farms and their offer, together with a comprehensive analysis of the environmental and socio-economic factors, as well as the impact of the Slovak-Ukrainian border. The report was developed on the statistical materials from the Polish Central Statistical Office, Podkarpackie Agricultural Advisory Centre in Boguchwała and data collected from municipalities and district offices that is published on their websites, as well as through interviews with 100 owners of agritourism farms in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The research has shown, on the one hand, the decline in the number of farms in the region and, on the other hand, the increase in the diversity of the tourist offer of these entities. Distribution of agritourism farms is closely linked to the attractiveness of natural environment and quality of secondary tourism resources. Traditional agritourism has not yet fully used its countryside, as well as cross-border advantages of its location.

scholarly journals Smoothing additive manufactured parts using ns-pulsed laser radiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Kuisat ◽  
Fernando Lasagni ◽  
Andrés Fabián Lasagni
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Pulsed Laser Radiation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIt is well known that the surface topography of a part can affect its mechanical performance, which is typical in additive manufacturing. In this context, we report about the surface modification of additive manufactured components made of Titanium 64 (Ti64) and Scalmalloy®, using a pulsed laser, with the aim of reducing their surface roughness. In our experiments, a nanosecond-pulsed infrared laser source with variable pulse durations between 8 and 200 ns was applied. The impact of varying a large number of parameters on the surface quality of the smoothed areas was investigated. The results demonstrated a reduction of surface roughness Sa by more than 80% for Titanium 64 and by 65% for Scalmalloy® samples. This allows to extend the applicability of additive manufactured components beyond the current state of the art and break new ground for the application in various industrial applications such as in aerospace.

scholarly journals Rethinking success, integrity, and culture in research (Part 2) — A multi-actor qualitative study on problems of science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémie Aubert Bonn ◽  
Wim Pinxten
Keyword(s):  
Research Misconduct ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Research Students ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundResearch misconduct and questionable research practices have been the subject of increasing attention in the past few years. But despite the rich body of research available, few empirical works provide the perspectives of non-researcher stakeholders.MethodsTo capture some of the forgotten voices, we conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with policy makers, funders, institution leaders, editors or publishers, research integrity office members, research integrity community members, laboratory technicians, researchers, research students, and former-researchers who changed career to inquire on the topics of success, integrity, and responsibilities in science. We used the Flemish biomedical landscape as a baseline to be able to grasp the views of interacting and complementary actors in a system setting.ResultsGiven the breadth of our results, we divided our findings in a two-paper series with the current paper focusing on the problems that affect the quality and integrity of science. We first discovered that perspectives on misconduct, including the core reasons for condemning misconduct, differed between individuals and actor groups. Beyond misconduct, interviewees also identified numerous problems which affect the integrity of research. Issues related to personalities and attitudes, lack of knowledge of good practices, and research climate were mentioned. Elements that were described as essential for success (in the associate paper) were often thought to accentuate the problems of research climates by disrupting research cultures and research environments. Even though everyone agreed that current research climates need to be addressed, no one felt responsible nor capable of initiating change. Instead, respondents revealed a circle of blame and mistrust between actor groups.ConclusionsOur findings resonate with recent debates, and extrapolate a few action points which might help advance the discussion. First, we must tackle how research is assessed. Second, approaches to promote better science should be revisited: not only should they directly address the impact of climates on research practices, but they should also redefine their objective to empower and support researchers rather than to capitalize on their compliance. Finally, inter-actor dialogues and shared decision making are crucial to building joint objectives for change.Trial registrationosf.io/33v3m

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN SOSIS GASUHIRU BERBASIS PANGAN LOKAL IKAN GABUS “TOKOK” DAN TEPUNG KOMPOSIT TERHADAP SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK, KADAR ZAT GIZI DAN DAYA TERIMA SOSIS GASUHIRU.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Dwi Khotimah ◽  
Abdul Salam ◽  
AASP Chandradewi ◽  
Irianto Irianto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Growth ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Treatment Comparison ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Current State ◽  
Trust Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
One Way Anova

Background. Nutrition less in infants is a health problem around the world especially the countries develop. In Indonesia nutritional problems less in toddlers about 19.6%. Nutritional problems have little effect on the low quality of human resources, especially the impact of toddlers who are malnourished by poor brain development, unoptimal physical growth, and metabolic developments (the Kemenkes RI, 2014). The current state of nutrition especially in children is still ematitiate. Given the impact of the nutrient less widespread, it is necessary to do a handling of PMT in the form of sausages using local food that is effective in increasing the weight of children with less nutritional nutrition.Metodelogi. In this study used experimental research Desan with a complete random draft (RAL) One treatment comparison of cork fish with composite flour 75%: 25% 80%: 20% 85%: 15%. Data processing. Processing of data obtained from observations presented in the form of tables, to find out the nature of organoleptic (aroma, flavor, texture and color) in each addition of the sausage making materials processed and analyzed using a statistical analysis of One Way Anova at a trust level of 95% (A = 0.05). If there is a significant impact, the data is analyzed further using the Tukey test to see which treatment is causing the difference. Research results. The comparison of cork fish and composite flour is significant effect on the taste color of texture and aroma. The PMT of Gasuhiru sausage contains 262KKL and 16.72 gr of protein in 100gr. Gasuhiru sausage receiving 83.3% well received.Conclusion: The most liked sausage is a comparison of 85%: 15%. The administration of PMT provides a significant effect on children's weight loss and is 3 times greater than the Conntrol group.

scholarly journals ADAPTASI MODEL DELONE DAN MCLEAN YANG DIMODIFIKASI GUNA MENGUJI KEBERHASILAN IMPLEMENTASI APLIKASI OPERASIONAL BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT) BAGI INDIVIDU PENGGUNA (Studi Empiris Pada BMT di Kota Semarang)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Novita Anugrah Listiyana ◽  
Dedi Rusdi
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Quality System ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This study analyzed the relationship between humans as users of the system and application software as object an inseparable relationship. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of variable quality system to the perception of the quality system, the effect of perceived quality system and quality of information on the intensity of use and user satisfaction, and the influence of the intensity of use and user satisfaction of the impact of individual performance. This research is an empirical study using purposive sampling technique in data collection. Data were collected through  questionnaires to 39 BMT’s operational employees. Then, performed an analysis of the data obtained used path analysis. This included: testing hypotheses through path analysis. The results of tests performed using path analysis to get the results that each variable in the model of equation 4 had a coefficient with a positive direction. This means that the improvement of the quality of the system will be able to improve the quality of information for the individual impact of the use and satisfaction of employees through the use of the system.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Zuzana Stofkova ◽  
Peter Seemann
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Subjective Quality ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Subjective Quality Of Life ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The paper deals with the quality of life and the impact of the pandemic COVID-19 on people’s lives in Slovakia and in selected region. The concept of quality of life and dimensions of quality of life, which are necessary for its evaluation are mentioned, too. It also describes the current state of the issue in Slovakia and abroad on the basis of the selected indicators, where individual countries of the world are compared. Purpose of the article: There are mentioned approaches to quality of life assessment and to conduct a survey of quality of life in a selected region which deals with the development of the quality of life. The paper deals with the analysis of the current state of the problem in Slovakia and abroad. Various definitions of the term quality of life through several authors and views. Methods: Indices in a global and national level for assessment of selected aspects of objective and subjective quality of life in terms of pandemics COVID-19 are mentioned. In order to assess the impact of a pandemic related to COVID-19 on satisfaction of citizens with several aspects of their lives in selected region is analyzed on the basis of an e-survey. Findings & Value added: The result of the article is a comparison of individual indicators of the subjective quality of life in selected EU member states and the Slovak Republic. A survey of the satisfaction of the inhabitants of selected region with selected areas of quality of their lives connected with the COVID-19 pandemic is carried out in order to monitor and evaluate the quality of life at the level of local governments.

scholarly journals Water Retention in Nature-Based Solutions—Assessment of Potential Economic Effects for Local Social Groups

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3347
Author(s):  
Zwoździak Jerzy ◽  
Szałata Łukasz ◽  
Zwoździak Anna ◽  
Kwiecińska Kornelia ◽  
Byelyayev Maksym
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

The upcoming trends related to climate change are increasing the level of interest of social groups in solutions for the implementation and the realization of activities that will ensure the change of these trends and can reduce the impact on the environment, including the health of the community exposed to these impacts. The implementation of solutions aimed at improving the quality of the environment requires taking into account not only the environmental aspects but also the economic aspect. Taking into account the analysis of solutions changing the current state of climate change, the article focuses on the analysis of the potential economic effect caused by the implementation of nature-based solutions (NBSs) in terms of reducing the operating costs related to water retention for local social groups. The analysis is based on a case study, one of the research projects studying nature-based solutions, created as part of the Grow Green project (H2020) in Wrocław in 2017–2022. The results of the analysis are an observed potential positive change in economic effects, i.e., approximately 85.90% of the operating costs related to water retention have been reduced for local social groups by NBSs.

scholarly journals The pandemic threatens the Registered Reports system as well as human lives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoshiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
System P ◽  
The Impact

A Registered Reports system is key to preventing questionable research practices. Under this system, manuscripts, including their detailed protocols (i.e., hypothesis, experimental design, sample size, and methods of statistical analysis), are reviewed prior to data collection. If a protocol manuscript is accepted, publication of the full manuscript including the results and discussion is guaranteed in principle regardless of whether the collected data support the registered hypothesis. However, this assurance of publication might be broken under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present paper reports the first author’s real-life experience related to the collapse of the assurance of publication in the Registered Reports system and discusses the disbenefits of this collapse. Furthermore, we propose the implementation of a journal section specific to protocol manuscripts as a solution to the crisis of the Registered Reports system.

scholarly journals Moving Sport and Exercise Science Forward: A Call for the Adoption of More Transparent Research Practices

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R Caldwell ◽  
Andrew David Vigotsky ◽  
Greg Nuckols ◽  
Ian Boardley ◽  
Julia Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Exercise Science ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Questionable Research Practices ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
Stage 1

The primary means for disseminating sport and exercise science research is currently through journal articles. However, not all studies, especially those with null findings, make it to formal publication. This publication bias towards positive findings may contribute to questionable research practices. Preregistration is a solution to prevent the publication of distorted evidence resulting from this system. This process asks authors to register their hypotheses and methods before data collection on a publicly available repository or by submitting a Registered Report. In the Registered Reports format, authors submit a Stage 1 manuscript to a participating journal that includes an introduction, methods, and any pilot data indicating the exploratory or confirmatory nature of the study. After a Stage 1 peer review, the manuscript can then be offered in-principle acceptance, rejected, or sent back for revisions to improve the quality of the study. If accepted, the project is guaranteed publication, assuming the authors follow the data collection and analysis protocol. After data collection, authors re-submit a Stage 2 manuscript that includes the results and discussion, and the study is evaluated on clarity and conformity with the planned analysis. In its final form, Registered Reports appear almost identical to a typical publication, but give readers confidence that the hypotheses and main analyses are less susceptible to bias from questionable research practices. From this perspective, we argue that inclusion of Registered Reports by researchers and journals will improve the transparency, replicability, and trust in sport and exercise science research.

scholarly journals The Potential of Utilizing Air Temperature Datasets from Non-Professional Meteorological Stations in Brno and Surrounding Area

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Dejmal ◽  
Petr Kolar ◽  
Josef Novotny ◽  
Alena Roubalova
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Meteorological Parameter ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Impact

An increasing number of individuals and institutions own or operate meteorological stations, but the resulting data are not yet commonly used in the Czech Republic. One of the main difficulties is the heterogeneity of measuring systems that puts in question the quality of outcoming data. Only after a thorough quality control of recorded data is it possible to proceed with for example a specific survey of variability of a chosen meteorological parameter in an urban or suburban region. The most commonly researched element in the given environment is air temperature. In the first phase, this paper focuses on the quality of data provided by amateur and institutional stations. The following analyses consequently work with already amended time series. Due to the nature of analyzed data and their potential use in the future it is opportune to assess the appropriateness of chronological and possibly spatial interpolation of missing values. The evaluation of seasonal variability of air temperature in the scale of Brno city and surrounding area in 2015–2017 demonstrates, that the enrichment of network of standard (professional) stations with new stations may significantly refine or even revise the current state of knowledge, for example in the case of urban heat island phenomena. A cluster analysis was applied in order to assess the impact of localization circumstances (station environment, exposition, etc.) as well as typological classification of the set of meteorological stations.

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