scholarly journals Local build-up of sleep pressure could trigger mind wandering: evidence from sleep, circadian and mind wandering research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esperanza Jubera-Garcia ◽  
wim gevers ◽  
Filip Van Opstal
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Brain States ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

Mind wandering (MW) or having thoughts unrelated to the task at hand is a very pervasive phenomenon. Although research on MW has exponentially grown during the last decade and a half, the mechanisms behind this omnipresent phenomenon remain largely unknown. In this review, we will discuss some factors that have been shown to contribute to the occurrence of MW: the quality of sleep, the time of day when the task is performed, the chronotype of the individual and the duration of the task. The intriguing commonality between these specific factors is that they all suggest a relation between MW and “fatigued” brain states. This suggestion nicely fits a recent proposal that related MW to local “fatigued” brain areas involved in task performance. We will argue that one of the mechanisms underlying the pervasiveness of MW might be the local build-up of homeostatic sleep pressure that inevitably occurs during task performance in the brain areas related to the task.

PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR BAYI UMUR 0 – 3 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SOSIAL PALEMBANG TAHUN 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Infant Massage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRAK Tidur merupakan kebutuhan yang harus terpenuhi terutama pada fase perkembangan karena selama tidur akan terjadi perkembangan otak maupun tubuh, sehingga gangguan tidur merupakan masalah yang akan menimbulkan dampak buruk terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi. Kualitas tidur bayi yang baik dapat diciptakan dengan memberikan pemijatan bayi secara rutin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemijatan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur bayi umur 0-3 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Quasy Eksperimental dengan metode One Group Pretest-Postest. Sampel 22 bayi yang dipilih dengan tehnik Total Sampling yang di observasi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pemijatan. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas tidur bayi 0-3 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap kualitas tidur bayi umur 0-3 bulan (p value  0,008 < α = 0,05).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disarankan agar keluarga dan masyarakat memberikan pemijatan secara rutin dan mandiri untuk meningkatkan kebutuhan tidur bayi yang berkualitas.   ABSTRACT Sleep is a human necessity that must be met, especially in the development phase because during sleep will occur the brain and body developments, so that sleep disturbance is a problem that would cause adverse effects on infants’ growth and development. The good quality of sleep can be created by providing the infants massage routinely. This study aimed to prove that the massage could affect the quality of sleep on the 0-3 months old baby. This study used Quasy-experimental design with One Group Pretest-Posttest. The sample 22 infants selected by total sampling technique observed on before and after the massage. The variables measured in this study are the quality of sleep. The results of study indicate that there is an effect of infant massage to the sleep quality on 0-3 months old babies (p value 0,008 < α = 0,05).Based on the results of this study it recommended for the families and communities to provide infant massage regularly and independently to increase the quality of sleep on the baby.  

scholarly journals Relationship between Symptoms in Women with Endometriosis and Lifestyles: a Qualitative Interview Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
M. Scavone ◽  
C. Gizzi ◽  
E. Albi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Italian Women ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women

AbstractEndometriosis is a common condition that affects reproductive-aged women and is characterized by the presence of endo-metrial tissue outside the uterine cavity with nodules and lesions. The study aimed to analyze lifestyles of women affected by endometriosis in relation with their symptoms. In this observational study, 735 Italian women have been interviewed online through a questionnaire structured in two parts. The first part was mainly anamnestic, focused on gathering information about the age, the stage of disease, comorbidities, involved organs, symptomatology, chirurgical treatment, induced menopause. The second part focused on the individual characteristics and lifestyle of the patients such as the body mass index, physical activity, quality of sleep, and the diet. The results showed how a healthy diet and a regular physical activity reduce drastically the symptoms of the patients.

Online Doctoral Student Satisfaction

2017 ◽  
pp. 236-247
Author(s):  
Dara Levitch ◽  
Melanie Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Academic Advising ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Program Completion ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Academic Experience ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Individual

Institutions of higher learning invest a great deal of time and money on retention issues. Research has identified institutional variables significant to student retention. Current researchers suggest each institution conduct studies to determine the specific factors important to the population served. Increasing retention has considerable financial and economic benefits to the institution, as well as benefits to the individual, especially if it leads to program completion. Research of literature has also indicated that quality of faculty and academic advising communications are two important factors perceived by students as contributing to overall the academic experience.

scholarly journals The Role of Adrenoceptors in the Retina

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2594
Author(s):  
Yue Ruan ◽  
Tobias Böhmer ◽  
Subao Jiang ◽  
Adrian Gericke
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Retinal Diseases ◽  
System A ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

The retina is a part of the central nervous system, a thin multilayer with neuronal lamination, responsible for detecting, preprocessing, and sending visual information to the brain. Many retinal diseases are characterized by hemodynamic perturbations and neurodegeneration leading to vision loss and reduced quality of life. Since catecholamines and respective bindings sites have been characterized in the retina, we systematically reviewed the literature with regard to retinal expression, distribution and function of alpha1 (α1)-, alpha2 (α2)-, and beta (β)-adrenoceptors (ARs). Moreover, we discuss the role of the individual adrenoceptors as targets for the treatment of retinal diseases.

scholarly journals A IMPORTÂNCIA DA HIDRATAÇÃO NA PELE DO IDOSO

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Individual

Introduction: According to the Brazilian Association of Sleep Medicine, the activities of the present day have hampered the quality and time of sleep, causing damage to the Central Nervous System and releasing substances directly related to stress, thus the metabolism changes in the absence of a few hours of sleep by night they were equated with that of an old man. Objective: To verify the influence of classic (relaxing) body massage associated with atherapy in sleep quality and stress in university teachers. Methodology: An exploratory and qualitative study was carried out, with a sample of 14 university teachers, through questionnaires and massage practices with association of the essential oils of Olíbano and Cedro, controlled the results with oximeter and Power Lab. Results: Although there was no difference it is worth noting that cedar oil reduced in a manner considered the Heart Rate of the volunteers. All volunteers reported that there was improvement in sleep quality regarding the night of the day of receiving the massage, such as decreased pain, constant sleep at night, leading us to confirm the great effect that relaxing massage exerts on the individual. Conclusion: Although the inhalation results of essential oils have not given statistical differences, we can conclude that this procedure is effective in improving stress and gradually improving the quality of sleep.

scholarly journals A INFLUÊNCIA DA MASSAGEM CLÁSSICA CORPORAL RELAXANTE ASSOCIADA À AROMATERAPIA NA QUALIDADE DO SONO E ESTRESSE EM PROFESSORAS UNIVERSITÁRIAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-35
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Individual

Introduction: According to the Brazilian Association of Sleep Medicine, the activities of the present day have hampered the quality and time of sleep, causing damage to the Central Nervous System and releasing substances directly related to stress, thus the metabolism changes in the absence of a few hours of sleep by night they were equated with that of an old man. Objective: To verify the influence of classic (relaxing) body massage associated with atherapy in sleep quality and stress in university teachers. Methodology: An exploratory and qualitative study was carried out, with a sample of 14 university teachers, through questionnaires and massage practices with association of the essential oils of Olíbano and Cedro, controlled the results with oximeter and Power Lab. Results: Although there was no difference it is worth noting that cedar oil reduced in a manner considered the Heart Rate of the volunteers. All volunteers reported that there was improvement in sleep quality regarding the night of the day of receiving the massage, such as decreased pain, constant sleep at night, leading us to confirm the great effect that relaxing massage exerts on the individual. Conclusion: Although the inhalation results of essential oils have not given statistical differences, we can conclude that this procedure is effective in improving stress and gradually improving the quality of sleep.

scholarly journals La elaboración de la información: Una aproximación teórica

10.14201/2919 ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Concha Gómez-Ocaña
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Production Of Information

In the article that we presented, we referred to the process of producing information at a biological level describing the characteristics of the brain, as we know about it's existence and can justify it's decisive role in the production of information we described the four principal flows of information, were it is demostrated stage by stage how the brain is shaped trough expierence. From this perspective we think that the function of intelligence is linked to part of the quantity and quality of the stimuli processed by the individual which he or she receives from the environment. Taking into account then, that the objective of education is to build the subject, refering naturally to the building of individual personality, and that such construction is carried out by actions which imply the modification of already existing structures and the appearance of new ones, at least in the functional sense, and that this activity is realised by the subject him or herself (levels of «ability» and formation); education acquires from this perspective a preponderant role. In the educational environment, one tries to achieve that the shaping of the individual is brought about by «activity of the individual provoked by educational action.

scholarly journals “No evident disease activity”: The use of combined assessments in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1179-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Giovannoni ◽  
Davorka Tomic ◽  
Jeremy R Bright ◽  
Eva Havrdová
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Individual Patient Level ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain

Using combined endpoints to define no evident disease activity (NEDA) is becoming increasingly common when setting targets for treatment outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS). Historically, NEDA has taken account of the occurrence of relapses, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions and disability worsening, but this approach places emphasis on inflammatory activity in the brain and mostly overlooks ongoing neurodegenerative damage. Combined assessments of NEDA which take account of changes in brain volume or neuropsychological outcomes such as cognitive function may begin to address this imbalance, and such assessments may also consider blood or spinal-fluid neurofilament levels or patient-reported outcomes and quality of life measures. If a combined NEDA assessment can be validated in prospective studies as indicative of long-term disease remission at the individual patient level, treating to achieve NEDA could become the goal of clinical practice and achieving NEDA may become the “new normal” state of disease control for patients with MS.

scholarly journals Accidental encounters: can accidents be adaptive?

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 285-307
Author(s):  
Giordano BS Ferreira ◽  
Matthias Scheutz
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Partially Observable

Accidents happen in nature, from simple incidents like bumping into obstacles, to erroneously arriving at the wrong location, to mating with an unintended partner. Whether accidents are problematic for an animal depends on their context, frequency, and severity. In this article, we investigate the question of how accidents affect the task performance of agents in an agent-based simulation model for a wide class of tasks called “multi-agent territory exploration” tasks (MATE). In MATE tasks, agents have to visit particular locations of varying quality in partially observable environments within a fixed time window. As such, agents have to balance the quality of the location with how much energy they are willing to expend reaching it. Arriving at the wrong location by accident typically reduces task performance. We model agents based on two location selection strategies that are hypothesized to be widely used in nature: best-of-n and min-threshold. Our results show that the two strategies lead to different accident rates and thus overall different levels of performance based on the degree of competition among agents, as well as the quality, density, visibility, and distribution of target locations in the environment. We also show that in some cases, individual accidents can be advantageous for both the individual and the whole group.

scholarly journals The influence of care interventions on the continuity of sleep of intensive care unit patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Luiza Hamze ◽  
Cristiane Chaves de Souza ◽  
Tânia Couto Machado Chianca
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
Health Care Interventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Individual Demand ◽  
The Individual

Objective: to identify care interventions, performed by the health team, and their influence on the continuity of sleep of patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit.Method: descriptive study with a sample of 12 patients. A filming technique was used for the data collection. The awakenings from sleep were measured using the actigraphy method. The analysis of the data was descriptive, processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.Results: 529 care interventions were identified, grouped into 28 different types, of which 12 (42.8%) caused awakening from sleep for the patients. A mean of 44.1 interventions/patient/day was observed, with 1.8 interventions/patient/hour. The administration of oral medicine and food were the interventions that caused higher frequencies of awakenings in the patients.Conclusion: it was identified that the health care interventions can harm the sleep of ICU patients. It is recommended that health professionals rethink the planning of interventions according to the individual demand of the patients, with the diversification of schedules and introduction of new practices to improve the quality of sleep of Intensive Care Unit patients.

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