scholarly journals Deleterious Effects of Ethanol on Hematological Parameters and Fertility in Albino Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
OA Osonuga ◽  
OI Osonuga ◽  
AA Osonuga
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Phase Study

Objective: Hematological disorders including anaemia are prevalent in alcoholics. The study was an attempt to find out the toxic effects of ethanol on blood values and semen parameters of albino rats. Material & Methods: 15 male albino rats with body weight (bwt) of 190 – 220 gm were used for the 2-phase study. 25% ethanol was administered via oral cannula to a group of 5 male rats each at daily dose of 0.6ml/200gm bwt respec-tively for 3 days during phase I. Phase II was a recovery study involving 5 male rats exposed to dose regimen as in phase I, and sacrificed after 3-day withdrawal of treatment. The control group of 5 male rats was given sterile water ad-libitum. Each animal was weighed before sacrifice to obtain difference in bwt relative to its basal value. Blood samples were collected by cardio-puncture from the rats for hematology and serum testosterone at the end of each phase. Semen parameters were determined and compared with controls. Results: Ethanol caused significant reduction (P< 0.05) in the hematological profile as well as in the serum testoster-one and semen parameters of the animals. Discontinuation of the drug use however showed gradual recovery of the depressed indices of the semen, serum testosterone and blood parameters. Conclusion: The ethanol could induce reversible changes in hematological profiles and semen parameters of rats, and by extension man. Hence, the study supported the use of alcohol with caution especially in infertile men and those prone to anemic tendencies. Key Words: Albino rats; ethanol; semen parameters; hematology DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i2.3350Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 1 (2010) 37-40

scholarly journals Hematologic Toxicity of Antiretroviral Drug, Zidolam (zidovudine and lamivudine) in Adult Wistar Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
OA Osonuga ◽  
OI Osonuga ◽  
AA Osonuga ◽  
A Osonuga
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Highly Active

Objective: Zidolam is an highly active antiretroviral combination therapy (HAART) for the treatment of HIV infection. Efforts in this study intend to buttress evidence of hemato-toxicity associated with administration of HAARTs by using Zidolam. Material & Methods: 30 albino rats with body weight (bwt) of 150 - 230 gm were used for the 2-phase study. Solution of the drug in sterile water was administered via oral cannula to the 2 groups of 10 rats (5 males and 5 females) each at daily dose of 1.29mg/100gm bwt respectively for 21 days during phase I. Phase II was a recovery study involving 10 rats (5 males and 5 females) exposed to dose regimen as in phase I, and sacrificed after 21-days withdrawal of treatment. The control group of 10 animals (5 males and 5 females) was given sterile water ad-libitum. Blood samples were collected by cardio-puncture from the rats for hematology at the end of each phase. Results: Zidolam caused significant reduction (P< 0.05) in the hematological parameters of the animals. Discontinuation of the drug use caused gradual restoration of the parameters in the recovery group. Conclusion: The results suggested that Zidolam could induce anemia and leucopenia in the treated animals. This supports the reason it is used with caution in anemic and leucopenic patients with HIV infection and perhaps reason for pre-hematological screening before treatment with zidolam. Key Words: Zidolam; hematology; wistar rats; Highly active antiretroviral combination therapy (HAART)DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i2.3352Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 1 (2010) 41-44

scholarly journals Statistical characteristics of the components of coagulation hemostasis and the degree of oxygenation of rat blood in the normal and at different times of the experimental opioid effect

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Ye.V. Paltov ◽  
Z.Z. Masna ◽  
V.B. Fik ◽  
I.V. Chelpanova ◽  
N.O. Ambarova
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Prothrombin Index

Background. The problem of non-drug use of opioid drugs occupies a significant place among the current problems of world medicine. Objective. Тo study the hematological parameters of coagulation hemostasis in the norm and the dynamics of their changes at different times of opioid exposure. Methods. The experimental study was performed on sexually mature, outbred male rats in the number of 80 animals, weighing 160-270 g, aged 4.5-7.5 months. Animals were injected intramuscularly with “Nalbuphine” once daily for one day (10-11 hours in the morning) for 98 days. The initial dose of nalbuphine during the first 2 weeks was 0.212 mg / kg, the next 2 (II - IV weeks) - 0.225 mg / kg, the next (IV - VI weeks) - 0.252 mg / kg, the next (VI - VIII weeks) ) - 0.260 mg / kg, the next (VIII - X weeks) - 0.283 mg / kg, the next (X - XII weeks) - 0.3 mg / kg, and during (XII - XIV weeks) - 0.454 mg / kg. Thus, the conditions for chronic opioid exposure were created. Animals are divided into 3 groups. The 1-st group of animals received Nalbuphine for 98 days, with subsequent collection of material (end of 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 10 weeks, 12 weeks and 14 weeks of experimental opioid exposure); The 2-d was the control group, which for 98 days received injections of saline intramuscularly in one period of time (10 - 11 o'clock in the morning). Blood sampling and study of hematological parameters of blood (platelet count, prothrombin time, prothrombin index, time of recalcification of stabilized blood, total fibrinogen, determination of hemoglobin, hematocrit) were performed according to conventional methods. Software R v 4.0.3 and RStudio v 1.2.5042 were used for statistical calculations and graphing. MSOffice Excel 2010 spreadsheets were used to generate the final tables and store the data. Results. The key to the dynamics of changes in the blood parameters of experimental animals was week 6 of the experiment, as most indicators had the highest dynamics up to 6 weeks including further indicators of stability, which was higher (fibrinogen and prothrombin index) or less (prothrombin time, recalcification time and hemoglobin) indicators of the control group. The blood hematocrit of the experimental animals decreased evenly at all study terms to a minimum value at 14 week, and the number of platelets evenly all times increased to a maximum value at the last term of the experiment. This trend in all indicators was confirmed statistically. Conclusion. Our research has made it possible to study first and then observe the dynamics of changes in coagulation hemostasis and the degree of oxygenation of blood in acute, subchronic and chronic periods of experimental opioid exposure with subsequent statistical comparison.

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Administration of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Moringa Stenopetala on Blood Parameters and Histology of Liver and Kidney in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikre Bayu ◽  
Mekbeb Afework ◽  
Bekesho Geleta ◽  
Wondwossen Ergete ◽  
Eyasu Makonnen
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Moringa Stenopetala ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters

BACKGROUND: Moringa stenopetala is used as nourishments, and treatment of various diseases. However, there is no much information on its safety. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the chronic administration of aqueous leaves extract of the plant.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four rats were divided into: a control group administered with distilled water and three experimental groups, respectively, administered with the extract at doses of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg orally for six months were investigated. Various hematological and biochemical parameters followed by histopathological analysis were evaluated.RESULTS: Treatment with the extract did not significantly affect most of the hematological parameters. However, there were a significant decrease of MCH at doses of 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg in male rats and increase of MCV at all doses in female rats. Levels of ALP at 2000 mg/kg and those of AST and ALT at 1000 and 2000 mg/kg were significantly increased in male rats. Furthermore, significant decrease in urea and increase in creatinine levels at the dose of 2000 mg/kg occurred in female rats. Mild histopathological changes were also observed in the liver of male rats and kidney of female rats treated with the extract, respectively at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg.CONCLUSION: Findings from the present study suggest that prolonged administration of extract of Moringa stenopetala at therapeutic doses is safe, but shows sign of mild toxicity as dose increases, with differential effect on male verses female rats.

scholarly journals Pharmacological evaluation of Vrishya karma (Aphrodisiac activity) of Whole plant of Lavandula bipinnata (Roth) Kuntze

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-533
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh Dhaked ◽  
Mukesh B Nariya ◽  
Acharya R N
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Test ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Lavandula bipinnata Roth. of family Lamiaceae known as Kamaraja in Odisha is an erect, strongly fragrant, annual herb with multifaceted ethno medicinal claims to treat, poisons, tooth ache, anxiety, depression, headache, cold and sexual disorder etc. Aim: To study the effect of whole plant of Lavandula bipinnata for its aphrodisiac activity in albino rats. Material Methods: The sexually active male rats were chosen separately and divided into 2 groups; each group consisting of 6 animals and the study was carried by using the suitable animal experimental model. The data generated during the study were analyzed by employing Student’s‘t’ test for paired and unpaired data as applicable to determine significant difference between groups at P<0.05. Results: Lavandula bipinnata showed significant increase in weight of rats in comparison with initial weight. Test drug provided significant increase in mounting frequency, licking, chasing, genital sniffing, in comparison to control group and non-significant increase in mounting latency and serum testosterone level. Conclusion: Lavandula bipinnata whole plant possess significant aphrodisiac activity in test rat model and confirms its traditional claim as an aphrodisiac. 

Erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters during biological monitoring of lead exposure to the body

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 873-876
Author(s):  
Anastasiya G. Khotuleva ◽  
Mariya S. Kozyreva
Keyword(s):  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Lead Level ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Globin Synthesis

Introduction. The most susceptible to lead is the hematopoietic system of hematopoietic organs due to lead inhibition of heme and globin synthesis and cytotoxic effect on the membrane of Mature red blood cells. The aim of study was to evaluate the informative value of the study of erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters determined on modern hematological analyzers in patients working in contact with lead during medical and biological monitoring. Materials and methods. 45 employees of the lead battery processing plant and 30 persons of control group were examined. The level of lead in the blood was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, δ-ALA in the urine-by the reaction of pyrol formation with acetylacetone in terms of gram of creatinine, the study of hematological parameters was performed on a Sysmex HT-2000i analyzer. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the program STATISTICA 10.0. Results. Significant changes in erythrocytic (RDW) and reticulocytic (RET, IRF, LFR, MFR, HFR, RET-He) parameters, erythropoietin in workers in contact with lead compared to the control group, changes in MCV, MCH, RDW, RET indicators in the group working in dynamics after 2 years were revealed. Associations of hematological parameters with biomarkers of exposure and effect (lead level in blood and ALA in urine) were revealed. Conclusions. Assessment of erythrocyte (MCV, MCH, RDW) and reticulocyte parameters (RET% and their distribution by maturity) in dynamics during periodic medical examinations of workers in contact with lead allows us to detect the development of hematological disorders at early stages.

Protective effect of green tea extract against cadmium-induced testicular damage in rats in respect of oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium and androgen production

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Basma El-Desoky ◽  
Shaimaa El-Sayed ◽  
El-Said El-Said
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Green Tea Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Tea Extract

Objective: Investigating the effect of green tea extract (GTE) on the testicular damage induced by cadmium chloride CdCl2 in male rats. Design: Randomized controlled study. Animals: 40 male Wistar rats. Procedures: Rats were randomly divided into four groups: A) control group (each rat daily received pellet diet); B) GTE group each rat daily received pellet diet as well as 3 ml of 1.5 % w/v GTE, C) CdCl2 group each rat was I/P injected a single dose of 1 mg/kg CdCl2, then daily received pellet diet, and D) CdCl2+GTE group each rat was I/P injected a single dose of 1 mg/kg CdCl2 then daily received pellet diet as well as 3 ml of 1.5 % w/v GTE. After 30 days, blood samples were collected for hormonal assays (testosterone, FSH, and LH). In addition, both testes were collected; one of them was used for quantification of 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase III (17β-HSDIII) gene expression using a real-time PCR. The other testis was used for determination of catalase and reduced glutathione; GSH, Nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results: CdCl2 decreased serum testosterone levels and its synthesis pathway (17β-HSDIII testicular gene expression). While antioxidants catalase and GSH were reduced, oxidants MDA were enriched in the testes of CdCl2-poisoned rats. This CdCl2-promoted testicular dysfunction was corrected via the administration of GTE to male rats. Conclusion and clinical relevance: GTE could be used as a remedy for protecting against CdCl2-induced testicular damage in male rats.

Toxicological evaluation of hydroethanol leaf extract of Pupalia lappacea (Linn.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) in rodents

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtala Akanji Abdullahi ◽  
Elijah Oladapo Oyinloye ◽  
Akinyinka Alabi ◽  
Aderonke Adeyinka Aderinola ◽  
Luqman Opeyemi Ogunjimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Abstract Objectives Several studies have established the ethnobotanical benefits of Pupalia lappacea (PL) in laboratory animals without extensive toxicological evaluation of its safety profiles. Thus, an extensive toxicological investigation of sub-chronic oral administration of the hydroethanol leaf extract of P. lappacea in rodents was carried out in this study. Methods Different groups of rats were treated orally with the extract (10, 50 and 250 mg/kg) daily for 90 consecutive days. The control group received distilled water (10 mL/kg). After 90 days, some rats were left for additional 30 days without treatment for reversibility study. Blood and organs samples were collected for different evaluations at the end of study periods. Results The extract decreased the bodyweights, feeding and water intakes in female rats. PL increased the weights of the liver and kidney in male rats. PL increased the red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), triglycerides (TRIG), cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) contents in rats. PL (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the sperm motility and serum testosterone level. Cyto-architectural distortions of the testes, liver and spleen were visible. Conclusions The findings showed that P. lappacea is relatively safe at lower doses but cautions should be taken at higher dose.

In Vivo Anti-Anemic Effect of an Aqueous Root Extract of Phyllanthus Muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell in Model Rats.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Nyirenda ◽  
Gershom B. Lwanga ◽  
Kaampwe M. Muzandu ◽  
David K. Chuba ◽  
Gibson M. Sijumbila
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevanceAnemia is a very serious condition in Zambia. One of the plants that has been used traditionally is Phyllanthus muellerianus where different parts of shrub are used to treat a number of diseases in Zambian folklore medicine. Earlier studies have investigated medicinal properties of its aqueous root extracts. This study evaluated the effect of P. muellerianus roots on the hematological indices of albino rats and determined its phytochemical profile. Aim of the studyTo carry out phytochemical screening of the root extract and assess the ant-anemic effect of the aqueous extract on laboratory rats with tail-bled induced anemia Materials and MethodsThirty-six male albino rats placed in six groups were used for the study. The groups comprised the 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg plant extract, Ranferon (200 mg/kg) positive control, anemic non treated control and a normal (non-anemic) control. Anemia, induced through bleeding of the rats, was defined as hemoglobin (Hb) levels less than 12 g/dL. The anti-anemic potential of the plant was determined by comparing its effect on the hematological parameters of rats on treatment to that of the control group.ResultsAfter treatment, rats on the 400 mg/kg plant extract dose showed the greatest increase in the mean values for Hb, Packed cell volume (PCV) and RBC count were 43.3±1.2%, 15.4±0.3 g/dL and 6.3±0.3 x106 /mL respectively, when compared to the negative control group (P < 0.05). Phytochemical screening revealed positive results for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids and tannins with varying amounts.Conclusions. The aqueous root extract of P. muellerianus was efficacious against anemia in a dose-dependent manner. The phytochemical compositions seem to be responsible for its hematopoietic properties. Thus, the root decoction of P. muellerianus is useful in alleviating anemia and the results lend credence to its use in traditional medicine in the management of anemia.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals RESVERATROL INCLUSION COMPLEX WITH β-CYCLODEXTRIN (RCD): CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. K. Nishihira ◽  
N. J. Mezzomo ◽  
M. D. Baldissera ◽  
R. A. Vaucher ◽  
C. G. Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry

<p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>The aim of this study was to characterise the resveratrol inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (RCD) and evaluate their toxicity in wistar rats.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>The RCD were prepared in ultra-turrax. For characterization of the RCD were used: Fourier transform infra-red Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction. The RCD and others 4 treatments were performed by the chronic oral administration in 35 rats during 60 ds. After the treatments they were euthanized and the serum blood were collected to analyzed some hemogram and biochemical parameters including aspartyl aminotransferase (AST); alanine aminotransferase (AST); phosphatase alkaline (ALP); total bilirubin (TB); direct bilirubin (DB); total protein (TP); total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), calcium, iron and phosphate using fully automated biochemistry analyzer.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The characterization results indicated a successful formation of the RCD. All hematological parameters analysed were within the normal values in all the groups. Furthermore, the hemogram and biochemical parameters were significantly (P&gt;0.05) similar to the control group.</p><p class="RSCB01ARTAbstract"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The daily oral administration during 60 d of RCD are not harmful on blood parameters of Wistar rats. Thus, RCD can be used safely for treatment of some metabolic diseases.</p>

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