scholarly journals Knowledge on health effects and practices of smoking among the smokers in the Eastern Terai Region of Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Uprety ◽  
IS Poudel ◽  
S Bhattarai ◽  
A Ghimire ◽  
N Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee

Tobacco smoking kills more than five million people a year worldwide. According to Nepal Adolescent and Young Adult (NAYA) Survey 2000, about one quarter of young boys and one in 10 girls have smoked tobacco at some time or the other. A cross sectional study was done in Jalthal & Maheshpur Village Development Committee of Jhapa district using simple random sampling method among 200 participants. Interview methods with semi-structured questionnaires were used as tool for data collection. The objective of this study was to identify the reason of initiation of smoking, explore the pattern of smoking and to assess the health knowledge among the smokers regarding effect of smoking. It was reported that, 63% of them started to smoke at the age of 10-19 years. Most smokers were male, illiterate, unemployed and fell below the poverty line. Though most of the smokers knew the ill effect due to smoking; habituation was the main reason for not being able to stop smoking and 10% of them smoked for recreation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i1.10843 Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2014; 4(1): 22-25

scholarly journals A study on personal hygiene and sanitary practices in a rural village of Mornag District of Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Ranjan Karn ◽  
Buna Bhandari ◽  
Nilambar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Community People ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee

Background: Inadequate sanitation has direct effect on health of individual, family, communities and nation as a whole. Objective: To assess the personal hygiene and sanitary condition of the Katahari Village Development Committee (VDC). Methods: The cross sectional study was done in Katahari VDC of Morang district. A total of 80 households were randomly selected from two wards of VDC. The data were collected by interview method using interview schedule. Data were entered in Excel sheet and analyzed on SPSS program. Results: Many respondents (61%) were unable to read and write, 33% involved in private job in various factory. Knowledge of sanitation was high (90%) but only 65% of them were using soap water for hand washing. Sixty percent had no toilet facilities. There was significant association between education and toilet facilities among community people. Land holding and type of family had no significant association with toilet facilities. Conclusion: The knowledge regarding sanitation was high among community people but very poor in practice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jonmc.v1i2.7298 Journal of Nobel Medical College (2012), Vol.1 No.2 p.39-44

Self perceived oro-facial behaviour and malocclusion among young adults in Hyderabad city

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasari Tejaswini ◽  
Suhas Kulkarni ◽  
Dolar Doshi ◽  
Adepu Srilatha
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundAesthetic alterations in the face can be self-perceived and can affect quality of life in young adults.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of malocclusion on self- perceived oro-facial behaviour among young adults.MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted among 638 young adults (aged 18–21 years) of Hyderabad city. One college from each of the five zones of the Hyderabad city (five colleges) were selected by simple random sampling procedure. A 21-item Oro-facial investment scale (OFIS) questionnaire assessing self-perceived oral health knowledge, attitude, practice and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) assessing the severity of malocclusion was used. Data were analysed with standard statistical software (SPSS, Statistical package for the social sciences, version 20.0). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMales had higher mean scores for knowledge (2.90 ± 0.49) than females (2.73 ± 0.82) and was statistically significant (p = 0.002*). No statistically significant gender differences were found in relation to attitude and practice. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there was a significant difference in all the three scores (knowledge, attitude, practice) with respect to age, with significantly high score for knowledge and practice among 18 year old subjects (p = 0.0001*; p = 0.0003* respectively) and attitude among 21 year old subjects (p = 0.0049*). No statistically significant age, gender differences were found in relation to DAI scores. Upon correlation, DAI significantly and positively correlated with knowledge (p = 0.03*) and attitude (p = 0.0001*).ConclusionThis study has shown significant impact of malocclusion on the self-perceived oro-facial behaviour.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption among women of Rural Telangana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali Lingala ◽  
Sneha Simon ◽  
Bhagath . ◽  
Kavitha .
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Tobacco kills approximately 1 million people annually in India and is responsible for almost half of all cancers in men and quarter of all cancers in women. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is one such form that is culturally and socially acceptable by women especially in rural India. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among women, prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke and to determine the factors associated with it.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done among 190 women in the rural field practice area of department of community medicine of Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal during the period of October 2019 to December 2019. Data was collected using simple random sampling. A semi structured questionnaire was prepared with the help of global adult tobacco survey proforma. The data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.00.Results: Prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption was 57% and the most common form of tobacco being consumed was tobacco with pan (40.3%). The prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke at home was 61%. The most common reason for initiation was peer pressure. High prevalence of consumption of smokeless tobacco was seen in unemployed and illiterate women.Conclusions: The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption is higher among women in this study and this indicates the lack of awareness and the need for better strategies to reduce the burden.

scholarly journals Sleep disturbance and its effect on academic performance among students of a medical college of Tripura

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjan Datta ◽  
Kaushik Nag ◽  
Nabarun Karmakar ◽  
Tamal Chakrabarty ◽  
Kaushik Tripura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Sleep deprivation may have grave health consequences; resulting in increasing disease morbidity and mortality. Sleep disturbance have also been affected academic performance of medical students. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of sleep disturbance and association between sleep disturbance and academic performance of medical students, if any.Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in the month of March 2018 among 203 medical students of Tripura Medical College and Dr. B.R.A.M. Teaching Hospital. Probability Proportionate to Sample Size (PPS) was used to determine the number of students required from each semester. Students selected by simple random sampling from each semester were interviewed by a pre-designed, pre-tested interview schedule designed based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Data was represented in percentages in tables, charts and Chi square test was applied. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the medical student was 21.36±1.96 years. Present study showed, 57% students were complaining of disturbed sleep. Students who felt sleepy during daytime (72.4%) were struggling more during exam compared to students not feeling sleepy (51.7%), which was statistically significant. Study revealed, students who got average mark in last semester exam were most affected with disturbed sleep (66.3%) followed by students who got good marks (53.5%) and poor marks (50%).Conclusions: Prevalence of sleep disturbance was very high among medical students. Male students were much more affected compared to female students. Sleep disturbance has also affected academic performance of students.

scholarly journals Burnout among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu; A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253808
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Ayush Tamang ◽  
Agrima Paudel ◽  
Anu Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Participants

Background Medical students are more prone to burnout than the general population and students of other faculties due to the demanding nature of medical education with limited time and resources. Burnout has a negative impact on the academics and personal life of the students which can continue into their professional life and ultimately hamper patient care. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of burnout among medical students of a medical college and find its association with age, gender, and year of study. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a medical college in Kathmandu, Nepal from 14 January to 7 March, 2021. Stratified sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire using the English version of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory adapted for students (OLBI-S) and analyzed in STATA version 15. Results The prevalence of burnout was found out to be 65.9% (n = 229). And of the remaining, 12.7% were exhausted, 11.4% were disengaged and 10.0% were neither exhausted nor disengaged. Burnout had no significant association with age in years, gender, and year of study. Conclusions This study shows an alarming prevalence of burnout in almost two-thirds of medical students. These results indicate the necessity of employing effective strategies by relevant authorities for the mental well-being of future physicians. Further multicenter prospective studies are required for a better understanding of the prevalence and associated factors of burnout.

scholarly journals A study to assess common morbidity pattern of an urban population of Tripura

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4613
Author(s):  
Anjan Datta ◽  
Kaushik Nag ◽  
Nabarun Karmakar ◽  
Srabani Datta
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Medical College

Background: To plan for effective health measures, knowledge regarding morbidity profile of local area is very important. Preventive health strategies cannot be made without an idea about the disease burden and changing trend of diseases of the locality. Keeping this background in mind the present study was conducted. The objective of the study was to assess the common morbidity pattern of people living in an urban area of Tripura.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among people living in the filed practice area of Urban Health Training Centre, Dukli under Department of Community Medicine, Tripura Medical College & DR. BRAM Teaching Hospital, Hapania for a period of one year. Five hundred fourty participants were selected using simple random sampling technique and data was collected using a pre-designed pretested questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Results: Majority (50.93%) of the study participants were females and belonged to 19-59 years age group (32.78%). The commonest type of morbidity was found to be acute respiratory infections (31.10%), followed by musculo-skeletal disorders (17.78%), with non-communicable diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity etc. catering 13.70% of all morbidities. Majority of the participants were having single morbidity (55.74%) than those having comorbidities. Conclusions: There is dual burden of communicable as well a non-communicable diseases in our study population. Future studies for risk factors assessment are required to plan for effective preventive strategies locally. 

scholarly journals Acute respiratory infections among under five children in a rural area of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu, India: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3445
Author(s):  
Savitha A. K. ◽  
Gopalakrishnan S. ◽  
Umadevi R.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Study Population

Background: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is an infection of the respiratory tract that may interfere with normal breathing. ARI is one of the leading causes of illness and death among children worldwide. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of ARI among under 5 children in the rural field practice area of a medical college in Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu.Methods: This study is a community based cross–sectional study. The study population was children below five years of age and informant was the mother of the child. The sample size is 380 and simple random sampling method was used. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software, version 16, and presented as descriptive statistics.Results: The prevalence of ARI among children was 41.6%. Regarding the symptoms of ARI, 36.6% of them had either cold or runny nose, 27.9% had cough, 23.4% had stridor, 20.8% had reduced intake of food, 2.6% had either ear pain or discharge, 2.6% had rapid breathing.1.3% had wheeze, 0.8% were tired/drowsy, 0.5% had throat pain, 0.5% had convulsions and 17.1% of them had symptoms with fever.Conclusions: This study shows the prevalence of ARI among children below 5 years of age is 41.6% which is relatively high. The symptoms of ARI reflect the non severe form of pneumonia. More hospital based studies should be done in order to know the burden of severe form of pneumonia which contributes to the morbidity and mortality of children below five years of age.

scholarly journals Assessment of prevalence of depression and anxiety and factors associated with them in undergraduate medical students of Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afzal Hakim ◽  
Himani Tak ◽  
Savitri Nagar ◽  
Suman Bhansali
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Background: Anxiety and depression are worldwide problems which reflect the mental health of the population. A lot of researches have reported anxiety and depression among medical students as they are going to suffer from academic stressors such as information input overload, lack of leisure time and academic evaluation. The present study was aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression in undergraduate medical students; to find association between presence depression/anxiety and socio-demographic factors; to find correlation between depression and anxiety scores. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out at Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur. 426 undergraduate students were selected by simple random sampling. After obtaining informed written consent, students were given self-reporting questionnaire which included socio-demographic details, PHQ-9 and GAD-7. Results: 247 (57.98%) students were found to have depression. 103 (24.17%) students scored ≥10 on PHQ-9 indicating a need for further clinical evaluation. Anxiety was found to be present in 202 (47.41%) students. Presence of depression was associated with history of mental illness in family, any co-morbidities present in student and type of family. Anxiety was associated with medium of language students studied until senior secondary education and type of family. Significant positive correlation was observed between depression and anxiety scores. Conclusions: There is a need for conducting regular psychiatric evaluations and counselling for medical students so that presence of mental disorders can be detected early in their course prompting immediate treatment. 

scholarly journals Knowledge Attitude and Preventive Practices towards Infection by Severe Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 among Residents of Kogi State during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Rabiu Ibrahim ◽  
Zubair Ovavi Kabir ◽  
Isah Adagiri Yahaya ◽  
Ododo Benard Itopa ◽  
Abdulsalam Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Community Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices

Background: Global spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic constitute a public health threat requiring strict infection prevention practice for every individual in the community. Control measures have been prescribed to check the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. Whether populations in these communities adhere optimally to these control measures depends on a number of factors. This study aimed to assess health knowledge and attitude, and preventive practices regarding Infection by SARS-Cov-2 among residents of Kogi State during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among residents of Kogi State. Using the authors’ internal connections with the Kogi residents, 865 residents were recruited into the study via simple random sampling method. The data were collected by an online questionnaire designed by Google form which was adapted from a study in China. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 at various levels with p value at < 0.05. Results: Among 865 questionnaires sent out, 639 were filled completely and returned given a respondent rate of 73.9%. Of the 12 questions on knowledge, the mean overall correct answers was 9.9 given overall correct rate of the participants’ knowledge of 82.5%. 88.4% of the respondents had confidence that Nigeria can win the battle against COVID-19. Just about 52.6% of the participants wore masks when going out in recent days. In multiple binary logistic regression analyses, there was significant statistical association between the COVID-19 knowledge score, and a lower likelihood of negative attitudes (OR: 0.87-3.98, P<0.001) and preventive practices towards COVID-19(OR: 0.53-0.67, P<0.001). Conclusion: Health education training to improving COVID-19 knowledge is needed for Kogi residents to have optimistic attitudes and maintain appropriate preventive practices.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study to assess the oral health knowledge, attitude and practice among school children in rural field practice area of Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5385 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Padmini ◽  
Selvi Thangaraj ◽  
T. S. Ranganath ◽  
Netravati Ambiger
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
School Children ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Knowledge ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: Oral health is an integral part of the general health and well being of an individual. Dental caries, periodontal disease and oral mucosal disease constitute the major oral health problems in developing countries. To follow healthy oral habits it is essential to have good oral health knowledge and attitude. Good oral health related knowledge among school children is considered to be an essential prerequisite for improving oral health in a community. The objective of the study was to assess the oral health knowledge, attitude and practice among school children in rural field practice area of Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute (BMCRI), Bengaluru.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 140 middle school children choosen randomly from government schools of Nelamangala, Rural field practice area of BMCRI, during September - November 2016. Data was collected using semi- structured questionnaire by interview method and was analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results: Out of 140 students, 67 were males, 73 were females. 49 (35%) students knew that sweetened food or drinks causes dental caries. 60 (42.86%) of them knew that there can be decay of tooth if they do not brush daily. 120 (85.71%) agreed that self care is important to prevent dental problems. 82 (58.57%) had a practice of brushing teeth twice daily.Conclusions: In the present study, there is a gap in the oral health knowledge and practice among school children, which needs to be filled up by regular oral health education to children, parents and teachers as well.

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