scholarly journals Critique of Capitalist Ideology in Bhattarai’s Muglan

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Hari Krishna Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Antonio Gramsci ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
Critical Situation ◽  
Foreign Land ◽  
Capitalist Ideology

This article explores Govinda Raj Bhattarai’s worries about the innocent youths to be the Muglanis forced by the dominant capitalistideology of the society in his novel Muglan. In the novel, he presents the critical situation of the youths who are compelled to leave their motherland just for survival but they get sold like cattle and are enslaved and forced to do hard physical labour in the cruel foreign land. The article applies neo-Marxist insights to study devastating results of elitist bourgeois ideology of the society over the life of poor innocent people in the novel. It mainly borrows ideas from Luis Althusser’s “Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses” along with the ideas by Terry Eagleton and Antonio Gramsci. The article shows Bhattarai’s critique of elitist bourgeois ideology of the society that he does through his choice of the protagonist, Sutar, who along with other youths leaves his home and goes to muglan but gets robbed, sold and forced to work as road builder in the foreign land of Bhutan. By showing the hopelessness of better life for the youths in their native land, Nepal and their pathetic condition in the foreign land, Bhattarai critiques the elitist ideology of Nepalese society.

СТАЛИНДИК БИЙЛИК Ч.АЙТМАТОВДУН КӨРКӨМ ОЙ ЖҮГҮРТҮҮСҮНДӨ

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-87
Author(s):  
Б. Ниясалиева ◽  
Н. Алтыкеева
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Good Luck ◽  
The West ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
The Government

Аннотация. Ч.Айтматов “Кылым карытар бир күн” романында ачыктап бере албаган бийлик маселеси кийинки демократиянын учурунда романдын уландысы катары берилген “Чынгызхандын ак булуту “ аттуу чыгармасында таама көрсөтүлдү. Аталган чыгарма сталиндик бийликти сынга алуу менен бийликтин курмандыктары болгон күнөөсүз адамдардын оор тагдырын чагылдырат. Сталиндин образын ачуу максатында элдик легендага кайрылып, Чынгызхандын образы аркылуу Сталиндин образын чагылдырган. Чыгармадагы Тансыкбаевдин образы мансапка манчыркап, адам тагдыры менен ойногон наадан адамдардын образын ачууда колдонулган. Абуталип, Эрдене, Догуланг – булар бийликтин курмандыктары. Алар алдыда өлүм күтүп турса да, өз көз караштарынан тайышпады, өлүмгө тике кароо менен жеңиш дайыма алар тарапта экендигин аныктай алышты. Ырас, Тансыкбаев да өз максатына жете алган жок, Чынгызхан болсо батышты багынтам деген тилегине жетпеди, ал эбегейсиз күчүн жоготту, мындан ары анын жолу болбоду. Түйүндүү сөздөр: образ, демократия, каарман, легенда, идея, көркөм ой жүгүртүү. Аннотация. Проблема правительства, которую Ч.Айтматов не смог раскрыть в романе “И дольше века длится день, ярко показаны в произведении “Белое облако Чингизхана” созданное во время демократии как продолжение названного произведения. В данном произведений критикуется и отражается тяжелая судьба безвинного народа, которые стали жертвами сталинского режима. Писатель обратился к народной легенде для раскрытия образа Сталина, через образ Чингизхана. В произведений образ Тансыкбаева применятся для раскрытия образов людей, которые ради собственного нажива использовали судьбы народа. Абуталип, Эрдене, Догуланг – они жертвы правительства. Несмотря ни на что, они не отреклись от своих убеждений, стояли на смерть ради справедливости. В статье говорится о не достижении своей цели Тансыкбаева, о не покорении Чингизханом Запада, о том, что Чингизхан потерял всю свою силу и удача его покидает. Ключевые слова: власть, образ, демократия, герой, легенда, идея, художественное размышление.. Annotation. The problem of the government, which Ch. Aitmatov could not reveal in the novel “And the day lasts more than a century”is clearly shown in the works “White cloud of Genghis Khan” created during the democracy as a continuation of the title work. In this work criticized and reflected the heavy fate of innocent people who were the victims of the Stalinist regime. The writer appealed to the folk legend to reveal the image of Genghis Khan the writer conveys the image of Stalin. In the work (composition) the image of Tansykbaev will be used to reveal the images of people who used the people’s destinies for their own profit . Abutalip, Erdene, Doulan-they are the victims of government. No matter what, they didn’t renounce their beliefs, stood to death for justice . The article says about not achieving the goal of Tansykbaeva, about not conguering the West by Genghis Khan and that Genghis Khan lost all his strength and good luck leaves him. Key words: power, image, democracy, hero, legend, idea, artistic reflection.

Reinventing the Self in Bharati Mukherjee's Jasmine

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Radha Devi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Female Protagonist ◽  
Foreign Land ◽  
American Society

Bharati Mukherjee’s Jasmine is a story of a young Punjabi woman named Jasmine whose life takes her from India to the United States, where she goes through many different destinies with her effort to reinvent her coherent self. Searching for and defining a new identity is a central question for immigrants living in a foreign land. The confusion of identity and cultural conflict pushes the immigrants into an identity crisis. The novel exposes how Jasmine, the female protagonist, as an outsider, strives to shape her identity to fit in the mainstream American society. Fortunately, she encounters confirmations of her shifting identity in different stages of her life. Instead of rejecting these identities and names in various phases, she seeks to create a harmonious relationship with those identities. In this context, this paper tries to explore on how she struggles throughout her life to reinvent the coherent self by her constant effort to assimilate to the alien culture and setting.Crossing the Border: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol.4(1) 2016: 29-38

scholarly journals STUDYING THE ARTISTIC DETAIL (based on Donna Tartt’s novel «The Goldfinch»)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (192) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Olha Kozii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Part D ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Critical Situation

«The Goldfinch» is a story of a boy and later an adult male Theodore Decker who accidentally obtains a masterpiece. The writer, as a surgeon, separates one second of expectation from the other, detail from detail. The reader is presented not just a frightened child but deep sorrow of the loss of the whole world. In the second chapter of the first part D. Tartt reveals herself as a skillful psychologist, skillfully accustoms herself to the inner state of the main character, with him she travels through the memories, tracks associative relationships he makes. The writer brilliantly follows all defense mechanisms of a man who is faced with the inevitability. The author uses gradation way of describing while stringing visual and auditory details, retards artistic time. The writing of D. Tartt is characterized by the unique skill in the detail describing. The role of artistic detail in the process of inner state depicting is investigated. The author touches upon the problem of the depicting of critical situation in the novel. The attention is paid to the writer’s skills in showing main character’s feelings, memoirs, thoughts, associative relations and human nocifensor in critical situations. It is admitted that in case of such temporal and space detail the most suitable way of analysis is «in succession to the author». Thus, in the novel The Goldfinch D.Tartt declares herself a talented master of words, subtle psychologist and philosopher. As a surgeon, the writer separates one second of expectation from the other, detail from detail. Therefore, the reader can observe not just a frightened child but deep sorrow of the loss of the whole world. This is achieved by the skillful combination of visual and auditory details that create convex emotionally saturated images filled with heartbeat of life. The author dowers the main character – both a teenager and an adult man – with the ability to see deep philosophical maxims in small details, to decipher the message from the artist, to understand the dialectical interpenetration of life and death. Because of such careful author's treatment to the artistic time and space the most appropriate way to study seems to be the analysis «in succession to the author».

scholarly journals HEGEMONI KEKUASAAN PEMANGKU ADAT MINANGKABAU DALAM NOVEL TENGGELAMNYA KAPAL VAN DER WIJCK KARYA HAMKA: KAJIAN HEGEMONI GRAMSCI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Nita Kartika Sari ◽  
Sumartini Sumartini ◽  
U’um Qomariyah
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Antonio Gramsci ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Karya sastra memang tidak bisa dilepaskan begitu saja dari pengarang dan keadaan sosial yang melatarbelakangi penciptaanya serta segala gejolak kemasyarakatan yang ada seperti kekuasaan dan dominasi yang dirasa merugikan.  Dari tiga rumusan masalah penulis hanya akan memfokuskan pembahasan pada bentuk hegemoni yang dilakukan pemangku adat di Minangkabau. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif kualitatif.  Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan teori hegemoni Antonio Gramsci. Sumber data adalah novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck karya Hamka. Data diperoleh dengan teknik membaca dan mencatat. Hasil penelitian berupa jenis hegemoni yang disadari dan tidak disadari. Terdapat empat bentuk dari hegemoni yang disadari yaitu kekeraan, penindasan, paksaan dan perampasan, sedangkan bentuk dari hegemoni yang tidak disadari berupa provokasi. There is an inseparable bond between a literary work with the background experience of its writer, and the underlying socio-cultural circumstances behind its creation, as well as all the existing disadvantageous problems in society such as hegemony and dominance. Of the three research problems, the discussion in this article will focus solely on the form of hegemony practices done by the Elders in Minangkabau culture. In conducting this research, descriptive qualitative approach is used. Literary sociological approach using the theory of Hegemony by Antonio Gramsci is used as the research approach. The data are obtained by using reading and noting technique. The data source is the novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck by Hamka. As the result of the research, there are two type of hegemony practices found, the conscious and unconscious hegemony. The conscious hegemony take four forms, there are: violence, oppression, coercion and deprivation. Meanwhile the unconscious hegemony realized only in form of provocation.

scholarly journals The Poetics of Adaptation in Frankenstein in Baghdad

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1749-1755
Author(s):  
Asst. Prof. Raad Kareem Abd-Aun Asst. Lec. Ameer Abd Hadi
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
Suicide Bombers ◽  
The People ◽  
The Us ◽  
Critical Phase ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Terrorist Acts

During the peak of the sectarian war in Iraq after the US invasion in 2003, there seemed to be an absolute absence of the mind and a great deal of hatred and tension among the people of Baghdad that turned into maddening acts of terrorism, like car bombings and suicide bombers, killing thousands of innocent people. Frankenstein in Baghdad came to be the mouthpiece of that very critical phase in the modern history of Iraq. The abundant acts of killing and bloodshed during 2005 turned into an ugly form of a monster called " Whatsitsname" formed from the fragmented parts of those killed by terrorist acts. The creature bears a clear resemblance to Marry Shelley's monster in her novel Frankenstein. The monster is a loose perpetrator that kills whoever it meets. This study attempts to analyze the writer's poetics of adaptation in the novel and his debt to other literary works.

Cultural Hegemony at Novel Merpati Kembar di Lombok (Twin Pigeons in Lombok) by Nuriadi: Hegemony Analysis of Antonio Gramsci

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Muhammad Habiburrahman
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Antonio Gramsci ◽  
Cultural Hegemony ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Documentary Method

The recent research is related to the cultural hegemony which is contained within the novel Merpati Kembar di Lombok written by Nuriadi. The problems to be studied are the form of cultural hegemony which is contained within the novel Merpati Kembar di Lombok written by Nuriadi. Then the objectives of this research are describing the form of cultural hegemony. This is a descriptive qualitative research. Documentary method and note-taking technique are applied during data collection. Meanwhile, data analysis is conducted by applying the theory of hegemony proposed by Antonio Gramsci with several steps to follow such as data identification, data reduction, data analysis, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Then, the results of data analysis are: the form of cultural hegemony committed by the noble group/society within the novel Merpati Kembar di Lombok is categorized into two levels namely declining hegemony and minimum hegemony.

scholarly journals The Scars of Capitalism in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway and ‘Kew Gardens’

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 736-749
Author(s):  
Asst. Inst. Median Mashkoor Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Short Story ◽  
The Novel ◽  
To Come ◽  
Capitalist Ideology

This paper discusses the scars of capitalism in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway and ‘Kew Gardens’. Following one day of the character’s life, the discussion will investigate how the novel and the short story introduce the capitalist ideology that dictates the character’s everyday life and how the characters, in different ways and to certain extents, react to it. In Mrs. Dalloway, Woolf depicts capitalism as an oppressive system that can be very rewarding to those who submit to its ideals and, at the same time, very catastrophic to those who try to confront it or question its validity. In ‘Kew Gardens’, the characters, affected by the looming war, try to come to terms with the meaningless materiality, the hollowness, and insecurity that capitalism produces; In both texts, capitalism is introduced as a tyrannous system that uses everything in the characters’ everyday life as suppressive tools to enforce its values and maintain its continuity.

scholarly journals THE HOUSE THAT IS NOT THERE: THE HOME FEELING IN JONATHAN RABAN’S LANGUAGE IN FOREIGN LAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Machì
Keyword(s):  
Travel Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Foreign Land ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Jonathan Raban

This work aims to analyse the novel of the journalist and novelist Jonathan Raban, Foreign Land, trying to highlight how, through the language used, the author manages to elaborate a personal, intimate and even dramatic vision of themes such as the relationship between man and the environment, the sense of uprooting and the love for the sea that are typical themes of travel literature within which this novel is enrolled. More specifically, the text, taken from a work of reading analysis and translation of the Rabanian work from English to Italian, aims to highlight the metaphorical dimension of the home feeling made particularly effective by the parallelism between the inner dimension of the characters and language used by the author. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0874/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Portraying the Contemporary Spirit of War and Violence in Easterine Kire’s, Mari

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Aghatoli Sema ◽  
Dr. Dayananda Pathak
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Way

Easterine Kire has projected in her novel the element of violence in the Naga society from a seventeen year old girl to that of a woman with a contemporary spirit. Violence enables her to redefine an identity for herself that is different from the way she is identified in the beginning of the Naga society. The novel Mari details the war and violence in Kohima 1944, on the lives of the innocent people represented by her life’s story. Her attempt to establish a new identity which enables her to further beyond the challenges and help her to develop a new perspective towards her own life. The undertaken journey with her sisters made her to be responsible which she was not earlier. But the task is by far out and away made her life difficult to carry on. She like other contemporary women hold within the battle and trouble and make her way out into courageous woman. The paper attempt to study the representation of violence and conflict from an identity perspective. It also attempts to project the problems and difficulties faced by them and their ability to endure the situation in a heroic manner and evolve amidst it.   

scholarly journals Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West: Co-Opting Refugees into Global Capitalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sercan Hamza Bağlama
Keyword(s):  
Western Country ◽  
Global Capitalism ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Foreign Land ◽  
Linguistic Level ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Refugee Experience

In Exit West, Mohsin Hamid fictionally reimagines and universalises migrant/refugee experience by providing a realistic snapshot of the social, cultural, economic and political circumstances in their specific historical forms and reveals the psychology of loss, displacement and unbelonging leading to the victimisation of the protagonists in a foreign land. In order to critically analyse the victimisation of the refugee characters at a linguistic level in relation to the narrative of the West about migration and refugees in the twenty-first century, this study will focus on Exit West and explore the development of the central bias against migrants and refugees construed through metaphorical delegitimisation and discursive stigmatisation within the framework of the dichotomous construction of “them” and “us”. Over the course of the study, through a critical reading of the novel, this study will also discuss that the social, cultural and economic interpellation of the refugee characters into the dominant system in a western country should be taken into account within the context of the depoliticisation process of the refugee “crisis” in the world since apolitical humanist arguments, unable to materialistically articulate the problems, reproduce the binary paradigms of the orientalist mind-set and practically perpetuate the cultural, social, ideological and economic domination of global capitalism.

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