scholarly journals Human-Elephant interactions and associated damage in the northern transboundary areas of Bangladesh

Our Nature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shamsuddoha ◽  
M. Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Border Fence ◽  
Elephant Population ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
International Border ◽  
Conflict Mitigation

We have studied human-elephant interactions in the northern transboundary of Bangladesh and estimated the scale of associated damage due to the negative interaction by visiting conflict area, performing focus group discussions key informant interviews and using secondary data sources. Around 70-80 non-resident elephants regularly intruded to the study area through the international border fence using several trespassing points and engaged in conflicts with frontier villagers. We discussed the nature and scale of conflict and the financial losses due to the conflict. Besides severe casualties in both ends, the enumerated economic loss was USD 1,171, 665 in 2013 and 2014 due to the damage to cropland, houses and properties, trees and orchards. We have identified major human-elephant conflict (HEC) zones adjacent to the border fence through spatial analysis with different level of intensity. Appropriate human-elephant conflict mitigation measures such as habitat improvement and management, monitoring of elephant population, alternative income generation, awareness programs for the local people and working together with India regarding this issue is a timely and urgent need for Bangladesh

scholarly journals Conflict between human and wild Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1847) in Aceh Province, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
INDIRA NURUL QOMARIAH ◽  
TUTIA RAHMI ◽  
ZURAIDAH SAID ◽  
ARIEF WIJAYA
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Entropy Analysis ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Elephant Population ◽  
Mitigation Action ◽  
Main Factor

Qomariah IN, Rahmi T, Said Z, Wijaya A. 2019. Conflict between human and wild Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1847) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 77-84. Aceh Province has the largest habitat for Sumatran elephant. However, the elephant population in the province keeps decreasing due to frequent conflict with humans. This study aimed to observe the trend and pattern of Human-elephant Conflict (HEC) in Aceh, as well as the main causes driving the conflict. To collect information, we carried out desk study, secondary data collection, and interviews with relevant actors in Aceh Jaya, Pidie, and Aceh Timur District. We collected data of HEC during the 2012-2017 period in 16 districts across Aceh. The result shows that during the six years, there were 262 HEC cases occurred in Aceh, where Aceh Timur and Aceh Jaya contributed the highest number of HEC incidence, with 47 and 44 cases respectively. Maximum Entropy analysis shows that the main factor causing the conflict is “Distance from the human settlement” with 84.7% contribution, followed by “Primary forest loss” (14.1% contribution). From the findings, we suggest reforestation in areas that becomes elephant home range and creation of barriers within the conservation forest boundaries. Moreover, HEC mitigation action should also be incorporated in provincial spatial planning (Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah - Provinsi) to minimize further economic loss and wildlife extinction.

scholarly journals RAIDING PATTERN OF MIGRATORY ELEPHANTS IN A HUMAN DOMINATED LANDSCAPE IN NORTHERN BANGLADESH

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shamsuddoha ◽  
M. Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Border Fence ◽  
Serious Injury

This study addresses raiding patterns of migratory elephants in northern Bangladesh by raiding area visit, focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews and other secondary sources. During the study period, over 750 acres of cropland, at least 228 houses, death of 8 people and serious injury to 26 people was caused due to elephant raiding; additionally, 2 elephants also died due to conflict. We observed that migratory herds cross the surrounded border fence from India to Bangladesh through at least 61 entry points, raided for a week or more in 54 border villages then moved back. The group sizes of raiding elephants were highly biased to large groups and didn’t vary seasonally. Raiding is elevated during the summer and autumn months, at night, and just before and after the paddy harvest season. It has been found that raiding incidents took place mainly around the crop fields and human settlements which were in close proximity to the border fence. Possible mitigation measures recommended specific for this transboundary region include improvement and preservation of remaining forest patches as a core elephant zone, eco-development initiatives, intensive awareness program, bilateral collaboration with Indian government towards conservation initiatives.ECOPRINT 24: 21-27, 2017

CAPACITY BUILDING IN AGENCIES FOR EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debjani Mueller ◽  
Iñaki Gutiérrez-Ibarluzea ◽  
Tara Schuller ◽  
Marco Chiumente ◽  
Jeonghoon Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Health technology assessment (HTA) yields information that can be ideally used to address deficiencies in health systems and to create a wider understanding of the impact of different policy considerations around technology reimbursement and use. The structure of HTA programs varies across different jurisdictions according to decision-maker needs. Moreover, conducting HTA requires specialized skills. Effective decision making should include multiple criteria (medical, economic, technical, ethical, social, legal, and cultural) and requires multi-disciplinary teams of experts working together to produce these assessments. A workshop explored the multi-disciplinary skills and competencies required to build an effective and efficient HTA team, with a focus on low- and middle-income settings.Methods: This proceeding summarizes main points from a workshop on capacity building, drawing on presentations and group discussions among attendees including different points of view.Results and Conclusions: The workshop and thus this study would have benefited from a larger variety of stakeholders. Therefore, the conclusions arising from the workshop are not the opinion of a representative sample of HTA professionals. Nonetheless, organizations and speakers were carefully selected to provide a valuable approach to this theme. Thus, these proceedings highlight some of the gaps and needs in the education and training programs offered worldwide and calls for further investigation.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DAN PENGHITUNGAN INDEKS KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN (IKMKP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayan Hikmayani ◽  
Irwan Muliawan ◽  
Tukul Rameyo Adi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Weighted Factor ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Welfare Index

Analisis terhadap perkembangan nilai Indeks Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Kelautan dan Perikanan (IKMKP) telah dilakukan sejak tahun 2014 sampai 2016. Permasalahan penentuan tingkat kesejahteraan dengan menyusun indikator yang mengarahkan pada pembangunan sektor kelautan dan perikanan secara sektoral dan menjadi wewenang Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) adalah penting. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini untuk melihat kinerja pembangunan kelautan dan perikanan dilihat dari indikator kesejahteraan masyarakat pelaku usaha perikanan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode desk study. Data terdiri data sekunder yang meliputi data ekonomi dan sosial kelembagaan yang dikumpulkan dan diperoleh dari Eselon 1 lingkup KKP. Verifikasi data dilakukan melalui diskusi kelompok terfokus yang dihadiri oleh pengambil kebijakan di Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Indeks Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Kelautan dan Perikanan (IKMKP) tahun 2016 sebesar 48,33. Nilai dimensi sosial dan kelembagaan sebesar 43,31 dan nilai dimensi ekonomi sebesar 43,27. Daerah yang memiliki Nilai IKMKP terbesar yaitu Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan nilai sebesar 100. Sementara itu, daerah yang memiliki nilai IKMKP paling kecil yaitu Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah dengan nilai sebesar 0,00. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa program-program pemerintah yang telah dialokasikan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat telah memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan dan sebaliknya untuk Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah masih belum memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraaanya. Adapun dari analisa faktor penimbang, peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat kelautan dan perikanan akan lebih efektif jika semakin banyak jumlah Lembaga Ketahanan Masyarakat (LKM) yang terfasilitasi permodalan dan tidak terjadi perubahan komposisi pada struktur ongkos usaha perikanan.Title: Analysis of The Development Marine and Fisheries Welfare  Community Index (IKMKP) Analysis of the development of Marine and Fisheries Community Welfare Index (IKMKP) has been carried out since 2014 until 2016.  It is important to determine the welfare level by formulating indicators to the development of the marine and fisheries sector through Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF). The purpose of this paper is to measure the performance of marine and fisheries development based on fisheries businessmen welfare indicators. The research used desk study method and secondary data of economic and social institutional which are collected from Echelon-1 of MMAF. Data were verified in focus group discussions among policy makers of MMAF and were analyzed using quantitative descriptive approach. The results showed that Marine and Fisheries Community Welfare Index (IKMKP) value in 2016 was 48.33. The value of social and institutional dimensions is 43.31 and value of economic dimension is 43.27. Regions that have the highest IKMKP value is West Nusa Tenggara Province with a value of 100. Meanwhile, Central Kalimantan Province has the lowest IKMKP value of 0.00. These results indicate that government programs has contributed to the improvement of welfare in West Nusa Tenggara Province, meanwhile, it has not contributed to the welfare in Central Kalimantan Province. Based on weighted factor analysis, the welfare of marine and fisheries community will be more effective if there are more number of Community Resilience Institutions (MFIs) facilitated by capital and there is no changes in the structure of fisheries business costs.

scholarly journals KERUGIAN SUMBER DAYA IKAN AKIBAT PRAKTIK MARK DOWN KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Maulana Firdaus ◽  
Yesi Dewitasari ◽  
Radityo Pramoda ◽  
Sonny Koeshendrajana
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Fishing Vessel ◽  
Sustainable Fisheries ◽  
Fish Resources ◽  
Iuu Fishing

Dampak praktik Illegal Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUUF) telah mengakibatkan terganggunya pengelolaan pemanfaatan perikanan yang berkelanjutan dan menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi. Praktik mark down ukuran kapal penangkapan ikan merupakan salah satu penyalahgunaan perizinan dalam konteks praktik IUUF. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai kerugian sumber daya ikan (deplesi sumber daya) akibat praktik “mark down” ukuran kapal penangkap ikan yang dilakukan di Indonesia. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – April 2017 bersifat ‘desk study’ dan dilengkapi dengan kajian literature terkait. Data sekunder dan primer digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Analisis data dilakukan melalui Pendekatan Surplus Produksi Model Schaefer digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Nilai kerugian sumber daya ikan diketahui berdasarkan nilai deplesinya. Nilai deplesi sumber daya menggunakan pendekatan The Net Price Method. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya praktik “mark down” telah menyebabkan deplesi sumber daya ikan atau pengurangan aset sumber daya ikan di perairan Indonesia. Besarnya nilai deplesi sumber daya pada tahun 2015 mencapai 9,83 trilyun rupiah dan diprediksi pada tahun 2020 meningkat menjadi 14,55 trilyun rupiah. Kajian merekomendasikan perlunya percepatan pengukuran ulang kapal perikanan dan penerapan sangsi yang tegas terhadap pelanggar sehingga tata kelola pemanfaatan sumber daya perikanan tangkap yang baik yang mampu mewujudkan pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan di Indonesia. Tittle: Fish Resources Losses Due to Mark Down Fishing Vessel Practiced in IndonesiaThe impact of IUU fishing has resulted in management disorder of sustainable fisheries and it caused economic loss. Markdown in vessels size is one type of manipulation practices of license in IUU fishing. This study aims to analyze the loss value of fish resources (resource depletion) due to the “markdown” practices in Indonesia. The study was basically a desk study completmenting with relevant literatures review during March – April 2015. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. Data were analyzed using the Schaefer surplus production model approached. Loss value of fish resources was estimated in terms of depletion resource value using the Net Price Method. The research found that “mark down” has led to depletion or reduction of fish resources in Indonesian waters. The estimated value of resource depletion in 2015 reached 9.83 trillion rupiahs and it is predicted to rise into 14.55 trillion rupiahs in 2020. The research suggests the need to accelerate the process of re-measuring the size of fishing vessel as well as to impose sanctions for the disobedience of the rules, so that Indonesia could have a good governance in fisheries resource management with sustainable fisheries resources.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE ECONOMIC LOSSES POTENTIAL DUE TO UNDERWEIGHT TODDLERS IN INDONESIA IN 2013

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Brigitte Sarah Renyoet
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
The Government ◽  
Statistical Agency

Millions of children and adolescents in Indonesia today still show a high number of premature death in children who are moderately malnourished and severely malnourished. The research objective was to calculate the estimated economic losses potential due to underweight among toddlers in Indonesia. This was a descriptive research by analyzing secondary data of nutritional status and socio-economic indicators in 2013 from the Indonesian Ministry of Health and Central Statistical Agency. The formula to calculate potential economic loss is based on Konig’s formula (1995) and the correction factor from research by Horton (1999). The results showed that the average economic loss in 32 provinces in Indonesia is approximately IDR 93 billion – IDR 417 billion, which seen from the GRDP percentage, the economic loss due to a decrease in productivity amounted to 2% and 9% or about 0.1–0.7% of the average GRDP of the provinces in Indonesia. Nationally, economic losses due to low productivity in underweight toddlers reach IDR 3,054 billion – IDR 13,746 billion (0.04–0.2%) of Indonesia’s total GDP. The results of this study are expected to show that the importance of this issue was handled and can assist the government in planning for health and nutrition programs targeted to human resources in Indonesia qualifi ed and productive.

scholarly journals Occurrence of the Indian Crested Porcupine (Hystrix indica Kerr.1792) and the Damage on Plantation Crops in the Nilambur Forest Divisions of Southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riju P. Nair ◽  
E. A. Jayson
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Forest Division ◽  
Crested Porcupine ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
Plantation Crops ◽  
First Time

The damage to coconut and rubber plantations by the Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) in the Nilambur Forest Division, Malappuram District was reported for the first time. The objectives of this study were to document the mode of attack and estimate the extent of damage by Indian crested porcupine in the plantation crops of the forest fringes. The study was carried out from June 2013 to May 2016 as part of the documentation of human-wildlife conflict in Malappuram District. Stratified random sampling, along with quadrat (10 m x 10 m) method was used to assess the crop damage. Estimation of the economic loss to farmers was carried out by using the market price of the coconuts during the period, collected from the website of Farm Information Bureau, Govt. of Kerala. The mean economic loss of crops damaged by Indian crested porcupine was Rs.1322.35/- per ha/annum. The debarking behavior of Indian crested porcupine on coconut palms (n=31), rubber trees (n=27) and consumption of newly formed bamboo culms (n=42) were also reported. No one has implemented proper mitigation measures against the Indian crested porcupine in the District.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Domestic Violence among the 50 Years and above Living with Hiv/Aids - A Case Study of Mukono Hospital Patients

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Ndazima Donny Silus
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Domestic violence cuts cross all age groups and globally, between 10% and 69% of women report of having been physically assaulted by their sexual partner at least once in their life. Furthermore, between 6% and 47% of adult women report of having been sexually assaulted by their sexual partners while between 7% and 48% of girls and young women at least reported their first sexual episode to have been forced. Understanding of domestic violence issues and integrating them in the current treatment regimens is critical for success of treatment regimens of the above 50 years PLWH as domestic violence is blamed to hamper adherence to ARVS and ART, condom use among others. Hence the main objective of the study was to find out factors associated with domestic violence among the 50 years and above population living with HIV/AIDS, making a case study of Mukono hospital patients. Specifically the study intended to establish the individual/background factors associated with domestic violence among the above 50 years population living with HIV/AIDS, define the socio-economic factors associated with domestic violence and find the influence of substance abuse associated with domestic violence among the 50 years and above population living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopted a descriptive cross sectional survey that employed both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques that was supported by both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected from the 50 years and above PLWH attending CoU Mukono hospital and from CoU Mukono hospital selected key informants, while secondary data was captured from CoU Mukono hospital records. The study used focus group discussions to capture qualitative data were different focus group discussions for male and female respondents were organized. Quantitative data was captured through use of questionnaires which were interviewer administered. The study targeted a sample of 263 respondents which was calculated using a Kish and Leslie formula and generated by use of simple random numbers that were assigned to study units following the inclusion and exclusion criteria that held that study participants had to be above 50 years, on ART and able to speak Luganda or English fluently. Only 196 respondents were studied as 67 questionnaires had errors. Domestic violence was measured on a standard HITS scale and a score greater than 10 was positive and indicated domestic violence while a score less than 10 was negative and indicated that a participant had not suffered domestic violence hence domestic violence was measured as a binary outcome. The study held domestic violence as a dependent variable and predictors of domestic violence like individual/ background factors, social economic factors like occupation and alcohol abuse as independent factors. A binary logistic regression was fitted against variables to test for their associations with domestic violence at both bivariate and multivariate level that a backward elimination method was used to determine variables that were significantly associated with domestic violence at multivariate level using a 95% CI. The study found that alcohol consumption was a risk factor to domestic violence and findings are in line with Canadian Panel on violence against women, 1993. Study findings associate domestic violence with having arguments over sex which is in line with Rani et al., 2004; World’s women and Girl’s data sheet 2011. The study recommended that there is need to promote interventions that limit alcohol consumption among patients as heavy alcohol consumption is associated with domestic violence that affects the treatment regimens of the 50 years and above.

scholarly journals Work in Progress on the Creation of the Three-Stringed Kulcapi

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Panji Suroso ◽  
Rahmat Riswan Aidil Syahputra Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Work In Progress ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Creation

This research tittle ‘work in progress on the creation of the three-stringed kulcapi’ wanted to examine how the work process of the creation of the kulcapi music instrument and can be explained descriptively. The kulcapi musical instrument which is considered to still have limitations in terms of producing its notes, and only having 2 strings, seems to be the cause of the less than optimal function in exploring the notes. In addition, the form of the kulcapi instrument is seen to be still very plain and very simple, this is felt to be one of the issues that must be overcome to be able to explore the kulcapi musical instrument to be more functional, both in producing tones and adding aesthetic value to the form of the kulcapi music instrument. In this research, a qualitative descriptive method is used. The process of tracing data and information is done diachronically to find out in full and complete about the kulcapi music instrument. The data collected comes from two sources, they are primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained through in-depth interviews and participant observation that aims to collect data followed by focus group discussions. This research produces findings including: a) The creation of three-stringed kulcapi instruments has a wider range of tone areas. b) can be functioned more flexible and can be explored in playing pentatonic and diatonic tones. c) The shape has the characteristic of the Karo people with the presence of ethnic Karo ornaments on the kulcapi’s body.

Social Engineering in Building an Integrated Solution Center in Papua to Support the Integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Beni Rudiawan ◽  
Amarulla Octavian ◽  
Rizerius Eko Hadi Sancoko ◽  
Wayan Nuriada ◽  
Buddy Suseto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Soft Systems Methodology ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Systems Methodology ◽  
Soft Systems ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Depth Interviews

The problem of the High Social Gap in Papua which is the cause of marginalization and discrimination against the Papuan people, as well as the different perceptions of some Indonesians at home and abroad towards armed separatist conflicts are push factors to corner the Indonesian government. In addition, the issue of internationalization of the 1969 referendum mechanism, violations of Human Rights (HAM), and the management of Natural Resources (SDA) by multinational companies that do not have an impact on improving the welfare of the Papuan people also complement the government's opinion of failure. Against the background of these problems, this study uses a quasi-qualitative research method and an exploratory approach with soft systems methodology (SSM) as a data analysis technique to answer the formulation of the problem and research questions. Research data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGD), in-depth interviews, and direct discussions with various informants (academics, practitioners, bureaucracy, and community leaders), plus a literature review as secondary data. The results of this study recommend the development of an Integrated Food Estate (IFE) in stages according to customary areas in Papua, which will indirectly support the realization of Territorial Resilience and the Universal Defense System (Sishta). Furthermore, to ensure that all these processes are carried out properly and continuously, this study recommends the establishment of an Integrated Solution Center (ISC). With the implementation of these recommendations, it is hoped that the peaceful and prosperous Papuan people will soon be realized.

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